Question

£¨2012?ÔÀÑô¶þÄ££©A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢DËÄÖÖÔªËØÔ­×ӵĺ˵çºÉÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¨¾ùСÓÚ20£©£¬Æäµ¥Öʼ°ÏàÓ¦µÄ»¯ºÏÎïÓÐÈçͼ¹Øϵ£º

£¨1£©ÔªËØAÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖÃΪ

µÚÈýÖÜÆÚµÚ¢óA×å

£®
£¨2£©Ð´³öFµÄµç×Óʽ

£®
£¨3£©ÆøÌåHÓж¾£¬¿ÉÓÃNa₂CO₃ÈÜÒºÎüÊÕ£¬Éú³ÉÁ½ÖÖËáʽÑΣ¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£º

H₂S+CO₃^2-¨THS^-+HCO₃^-

£®
£¨4£©½«EµÄË®ÈÜÒº¼ÓÈÈÕô¸É²¢×ÆÉÕ£¬×îÖյõ½µÄ¹ÌÌåΪ

Al₂O₃

£®Ô­ÒòΪ£¨Óû¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ±íʾ£©

AlCl₃+3H₂O?Al£¨OH£©₃+3HCl

£¬

2Al£¨OH£©₃

¡÷   .

Al₂O₃+2H₂O

£®
£¨5£©ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬ÏòFµÄË®ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëµÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄÑÎËáºóËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpH£¾7£¬Ôò´ËÈÜÒºÖи÷ÖÖÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶ÈÓÉСµ½´óµÄ˳ÐòΪ

c£¨S^2-£©£¼c£¨H⁺£©£¼c£¨OH^-£©£¼c£¨HS^-£©£¼c£¨Cl^-£©£¼c£¨K⁺£©

£®

Answer 1

·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢DËÄÖÖÔªËØÔ­×ӵĺ˵çºÉÊý¾ùСÓÚ20£¬GÊÇ°×É«½º×´³Áµí£¬ÈÜÓÚÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬GΪAl£¨OH£©₃£¬JΪNaAlO₂£¬HΪ³ô¼¦µ°ÆøζµÄÆøÌ壬ΪH₂S£¬ÎÞÉ«ÈÜÒºIÓëÏõËáÒø¡¢ÏõËá·´Ó¦Éú³É°×É«³ÁµíAgCl£¬½øÐÐÑæÉ«·´Ó¦Îª×ÏÉ«£¬¹ÊIΪKCl£»
¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغ㣬½áºÏE+F¡úAl£¨OH£©₃+H₂S+KCl£¬¿ÉÖªA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢DËÄÖÖÔªËØΪAl¡¢S¡¢Cl¡¢K£¬A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢DËÄÖÖÔªËØÔ­×ӵĺ˵çºÉÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¬¹ÊAΪAl£¬BΪS£¬CΪCl£¬DΪK£¬ÓÉA+C¡úE¿ÉÖª£¬EΪAlCl₃£¬ÓÉB+D¡úF¿ÉÖª£¬FΪK₂S£®

½â´ð£º½â£ºA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢DËÄÖÖÔªËØÔ­×ӵĺ˵çºÉÊý¾ùСÓÚ20£¬GÊÇ°×É«½º×´³Áµí£¬ÈÜÓÚÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬GΪAl£¨OH£©₃£¬JΪNaAlO₂£¬HΪ³ô¼¦µ°ÆøζµÄÆøÌ壬ΪH₂S£¬ÎÞÉ«ÈÜÒºIÓëÏõËáÒø¡¢ÏõËá·´Ó¦Éú³É°×É«³ÁµíAgCl£¬½øÐÐÑæÉ«·´Ó¦Îª×ÏÉ«£¬¹ÊIΪKCl£»
¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغ㣬½áºÏE+F¡úAl£¨OH£©₃+H₂S+KCl£¬¿ÉÖªA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢DËÄÖÖÔªËØΪAl¡¢S¡¢Cl¡¢K£¬A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢DËÄÖÖÔªËØÔ­×ӵĺ˵çºÉÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¬¹ÊAΪAl£¬BΪS£¬CΪCl£¬DΪK£¬ÓÉA+C¡úE¿ÉÖª£¬EΪAlCl₃£¬ÓÉB+D¡úF¿ÉÖª£¬FΪK₂S£®
£¨1£©AÊÇAlÔªËØ£¬ÂÁÔ­×ÓºËÍâÓÐ3¸öµç×Ӳ㣬×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÊÇ3£¬ËùÒÔÂÁλÓÚµÚÈýÖÜÆÚµÚ¢óA×壬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºµÚÈýÖÜÆÚµÚ¢óA×壻
£¨2£©FΪK₂S£¬ÊôÓÚÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎÓɼØÀë×ÓÓëÁòÀë×Ó¹¹³É£¬µç×ÓʽΪ£º£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£»
£¨3£©H₂SÓж¾£¬¿ÉÓÃNa₂CO₃ÈÜÒºÎüÊÕ£¬Éú³ÉÁ½ÖÖËáʽÑΣ¬ÎªNaHS¡¢NaHCO₃£¬·´Ó¦Àë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£ºH₂S+CO₃^2-¨THS^-+HCO₃^-£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºH₂S+CO₃^2-¨THS^-+HCO₃^-£»
£¨4£©EΪAlCl₃£¬AlCl₃µÄË®ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚË®½âƽºâAlCl₃+3H₂O?Al£¨OH£©₃+3HCl£¬¼ÓÈÈAlCl₃µÄË®ÈÜÒº£¬HCl»Ó·¢£¬´Ù½øË®½â³Ì¶È½øÐУ¬µÃµ½Al£¨OH£©₃£¬×ÆÉÕAl£¨OH£©₃£¬Al£¨OH£©₃·Ö½â2Al£¨OH£©₃

¡÷   .

Al₂O₃+2H₂O£¬×îÖյõ½µÄ¹ÌÌåΪAl₂O₃£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl₂O₃£»AlCl₃+3H₂O?Al£¨OH£©₃+3HCl£¬2Al£¨OH£©₃

¡÷   .

Al₂O₃+2H₂O£»
£¨5£©ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬ÏòK₂SµÄË®ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëµÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄÑÎËᣬK₂SÓëHClÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÏàµÈ£¬·¢Éú·´Ó¦K₂S+HCl¨TKHS+KCl£¬»ìºÏºóÈÜҺΪµÈŨ¶ÈµÄKHS¡¢KClÈÜÒº£¬ÈÜÒºµÄpH£¾7£¬Ôò[H⁺]£¼[OH^-]£¬ËµÃ÷HS^-µÄË®½â³Ì¶È´óÓÚµçÀë³Ì¶È£¬¹Ê[HS^-]£¼[Cl^-]£¬Ë®½â³Ì¶ÈºÜС£¬¹Ê[OH^-]£¼[HS^-]£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐH⁺À´×ÔË®µÄµçÀëÓëHS^-µçÀ룬ËùÒÔ[S^2-]£¼[H⁺]£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐK⁺Ũ¶È×î´ó£¬¹ÊÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉСµ½´óµÄ˳ÐòΪc£¨S^2-£©£¼c£¨H⁺£©£¼c£¨OH^-£©£¼c£¨HS^-£©£¼c£¨Cl^-£©£¼c£¨K⁺£©£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºc£¨S^2-£©£¼c£¨H⁺£©£¼c£¨OH^-£©£¼c£¨HS^-£©£¼c£¨Cl^-£©£¼c£¨K⁺£©£®

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²é½Ï×ۺϣ¬¸ù¾ÝÑæÉ«·´Ó¦¡¢ÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁµÄÌØÐÔ¡¢³ô¼¦µ°ÆøζµÄÆøÌåµÈÌØÊâÐÔÖÊÀ´·ÖÎöÍƶÏÎïÖÊ£¬ÕýÈ·ÍƶÏÎïÖÊÊǽⱾÌâ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÔÙ½áºÏÑÎÀàË®½âÌصãÀ´·ÖÎö½â´ð£¬×¢Ò⣨4£©ÖУ¬Èç¹û½«ÁòËáÂÁÈÜÒºÕô¸É×ÆÉյõ½µÄ¹ÌÌåÊÇÑõ»¯ÂÁÂð£¿Èç¹ûÊǽ«ÏõËáÂÁÈÜÒºÕô¸É×ÆÉյõ½µÄ¹ÌÌåÊÇÑõ»¯ÂÁÂð£¿