备战中考寒假系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2013届山西省康杰中学高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Trying to make a big decision while you’re also preparing for a scary presentation? You might want to hold off on that. Feeling stressed changes how people weigh risk and reward. However, an article published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, suggests stressed people pay more attention to the positive sides of a possible outcome.
It’s a bit surprising that stress makes people focus on the way things could go right, says Mara Mather of the University of Southern California. She co-wrote the review paper with Nichole R.Lighthall. “This is sort of not what people would think, ” Mather says. “Stress is usually associated with negative experiences, so you’d think, maybe I’m going to be more focused on the negative outcomes.”
But researchers have found that when people are under stress, they start paying more attention to positive information and discounting negative information. “Stress seems to help people learn from positive feedback and impairs（削弱）their learning from negative feedback, ” Mather says.
When people under stress are making a difficult decision, they may pay more attention to the good sides of the alternatives they’re considering and less to the problems. So someone who’s deciding whether to take a new job and is feeling stressed by the decision might focus on the increase in salary more than the longer commute（上下班往返）.
The increased focus on the positives also helps explain why stress plays a role in addictions. People under stress have a harder time controlling their urges. “The compulsion to get that reward comes stronger and they’re less able to resist it,” Mather says. A person who’s under stress might think only about the good feelings they’ll get from a drug, while the downsides shrink into the distance.
Stress also increases the differences in how men and women think about risk. When men are under stress, they become even more willing to take risks; when women are stressed, they get more conservative(保守的). Previous research backs this up — men usually react to difficulties while trying to fight them or escape them; women try to find friends and improve their relationships.
【小题1】By saying “You might want to hold off on that” in the first paragraph, the writer suggests that .
| A．you might want to delay making your big decision |
| B．you should save the presentation for later |
| C．you should avoid taking risks |
| D．you might benefit from the stress |
| A．often leads people to take more risks |
| B．often leads people to make balanced decisions |
| C．makes people think more of negative results |
| D．makes people ignore the negative side of problems |
| A．Stress is helpful in getting rid of addictions. |
| B．People who are addicted to drugs are easily stressed. |
| C．When women are stressed, they do not tend to take risks. |
| D．When men are stressed, they are more likely to develop an addiction. |
| A．Stress can affect decision-making. |
| B．Stress increases our desire to get rewards. |
| C．We should think more about the upside of problems. |
| D．There is a link between stress and negative experiences. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年江苏省扬州中学高二下学期期中考试英语卷（带解析） 题型：填空题
单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
【小题1】His rare gifts and bold strategy are ____________ (普遍)acknowledged.
【小题2】There was a deep-rooted racial __________(偏见) long before the two countries became rivals and went to war.
【小题3】The ________________(共识) among the world's scientists is that the world is likely to warm up over the next few decades.
【小题4】The government will provide temporary __________(住宿) for up to three thousand people in the flooded areas.
【小题5】Helicopters arrived soon , ________________ (营救)nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
【小题6】In c_________________ with other students, Mike is more diligent.
【小题7】You’d better make a r____________ for a room in National Holidays, because there are always many travelers then.
【小题8】This money , i__________ for the development of the tourist industry, should be used widely.
【小题9】It is well-known that the weather in Britain is c______________.
【小题10】Don't worry, your memory will return g______________.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届江苏省高二下学期期中考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：单词拼写
单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1.His rare gifts and bold strategy are ____________ (普遍)acknowledged.
2.There was a deep-rooted racial __________(偏见) long before the two countries became rivals and went to war.
3.The ________________(共识) among the world's scientists is that the world is likely to warm up over the next few decades.
4.The government will provide temporary __________(住宿) for up to three thousand people in the flooded areas.
5.Helicopters arrived soon , ________________ (营救)nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
6.In c_________________ with other students, Mike is more diligent.
7.You’d better make a r____________ for a room in National Holidays, because there are always many travelers then.
8.This money , i__________ for the development of the tourist industry, should be used widely.
9.It is well-known that the weather in Britain is c______________.
10.Don't worry, your memory will return g______________.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年山西省高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Trying to make a big decision while you’re also preparing for a scary presentation? You might want to hold off on that. Feeling stressed changes how people weigh risk and reward. However, an article published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, suggests stressed people pay more attention to the positive sides of a possible outcome.
It’s a bit surprising that stress makes people focus on the way things could go right, says Mara Mather of the University of Southern California. She co-wrote the review paper with Nichole R.Lighthall. “This is sort of not what people would think, ” Mather says. “Stress is usually associated with negative experiences, so you’d think, maybe I’m going to be more focused on the negative outcomes.”
But researchers have found that when people are under stress, they start paying more attention to positive information and discounting negative information. “Stress seems to help people learn from positive feedback and impairs（削弱）their learning from negative feedback, ” Mather says.
When people under stress are making a difficult decision, they may pay more attention to the good sides of the alternatives they’re considering and less to the problems. So someone who’s deciding whether to take a new job and is feeling stressed by the decision might focus on the increase in salary more than the longer commute（上下班往返）.
The increased focus on the positives also helps explain why stress plays a role in addictions. People under stress have a harder time controlling their urges. “The compulsion to get that reward comes stronger and they’re less able to resist it,” Mather says. A person who’s under stress might think only about the good feelings they’ll get from a drug, while the downsides shrink into the distance.
Stress also increases the differences in how men and women think about risk. When men are under stress, they become even more willing to take risks; when women are stressed, they get more conservative(保守的). Previous research backs this up — men usually react to difficulties while trying to fight them or escape them; women try to find friends and improve their relationships.
1.By saying “You might want to hold off on that” in the first paragraph, the writer suggests that .
A．you might want to delay making your big decision
B．you should save the presentation for later
C．you should avoid taking risks
D．you might benefit from the stress
2.From the article, we can conclude that stress .
A．often leads people to take more risks
B．often leads people to make balanced decisions
C．makes people think more of negative results
D．makes people ignore the negative side of problems
3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?
A．Stress is helpful in getting rid of addictions.
B．People who are addicted to drugs are easily stressed.
C．When women are stressed, they do not tend to take risks.
D．When men are stressed, they are more likely to develop an addiction.
4.What is the central theme of the article?
A．Stress can affect decision-making.
B．Stress increases our desire to get rewards.
C．We should think more about the upside of problems.
D．There is a link between stress and negative experiences.
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科目：高中英语 来源：浙江省09-10学年高一下学期期中测试英语 题型：单词拼写
单词拼写（每小题0.5分，满分5分）
87．After the accident with the sled, I s to my knees knowing that somehow I had to put my tent up for shelter.
88．Drivers are supposed to f their seat –belts while driving on the highway.
89．There were so much beautiful j that it was hard to choose.
90．Everybody admires him for his fine s of humour（幽默）.
91．Earth Day is a celebration of life and our planet. It r us to care about the world and learn to respect life and nature.
92．It’s time for us to make a d where we should go to have a picnic on Sunday.
93．In some countries, children will go on egg h during Easter.
94．Many people today make choices about their eating habits b on what they believe.
95．She said she never r spending ten hard years paying off the debts.
96．In West Africa, people celebrate a new harvest with days of dancing and
o fruit to their ancestors and gods.
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