精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情

Trying to make a big decision while you’re also preparing for a scary presentation? You might want to hold off on that. Feeling stressed changes how people weigh risk and reward. However, an article published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, suggests stressed people pay more attention to the positive sides of a possible outcome.

It’s a bit surprising that stress makes people focus on the way things could go right, says Mara Mather of the University of Southern California. She co-wrote the review paper with Nichole R.Lighthall. “This is sort of not what people would think, ” Mather says. “Stress is usually associated with negative experiences, so you’d think, maybe I’m going to be more focused on the negative outcomes.”

But researchers have found that when people are under stress, they start paying more attention to positive information and discounting negative information. “Stress seems to help people learn from positive feedback and impairs(削弱)their learning from negative feedback, ” Mather says.

When people under stress are making a difficult decision, they may pay more attention to the good sides of the alternatives they’re considering and less to the problems. So someone who’s deciding whether to take a new job and is feeling stressed by the decision might focus on the increase in salary more than the longer commute(上下班往返).

The increased focus on the positives also helps explain why stress plays a role in addictions. People under stress have a harder time controlling their urges. “The compulsion to get that reward comes stronger and they’re less able to resist it,” Mather says. A person who’s under stress might think only about the good feelings they’ll get from a drug, while the downsides shrink into the distance.

Stress also increases the differences in how men and women think about risk. When men are under stress, they become even more willing to take risks; when women are stressed, they get more conservative(保守的). Previous research backs this up — men usually react to difficulties while trying to fight them or escape them; women try to find friends and improve their relationships.

1.By saying “You might want to hold off on that” in the first paragraph, the writer suggests that      .

A.you might want to delay making your big decision

B.you should save the presentation for later

C.you should avoid taking risks

D.you might benefit from the stress

2.From the article, we can conclude that stress       .

A.often leads people to take more risks

B.often leads people to make balanced decisions

C.makes people think more of negative results

D.makes people ignore the negative side of problems

3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?

A.Stress is helpful in getting rid of addictions.

B.People who are addicted to drugs are easily stressed.

C.When women are stressed, they do not tend to take risks.

D.When men are stressed, they are more likely to develop an addiction.

4.What is the central theme of the article?

A.Stress can affect decision-making.

B.Stress increases our desire to get rewards.

C.We should think more about the upside of problems.

D.There is a link between stress and negative experiences.

 

【答案】

1.A

2.D

3.C

4.A

【解析】

试题分析:这篇文章主要讲了压力影响人的决定。

1.根据Feeling stressed changes how people weigh risk and reward. However, an article published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, suggests stressed people pay more attention to the positive sides of a possible outcome.故选A。

2.根据When people under stress are making a difficult decision, they may pay more attention to the good sides of the alternatives they’re considering and less to the problems.故答案应为D。

3.根据when women are stressed, they get more conservative(保守的),故选C。

4.通过全文以及Feeling stressed changes how people weigh risk and reward,故选A。

考点:教育类短文阅读理解

点评:本题型考查了对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力。先阅读问题,然后带着问题,再读全文,找出答题所需要的依据,完成阅读。在词义与句义理解的基础上,结合上下文总结归纳某一段或几段的大意,对于把握文章主旨,分析全文结构都是至关重要的。纵观历年高考试题,阅读理解试题一般有以下几种题型:一是直接回答who, whom, which, what, where, when, why, how等疑问词引起的细节问题;二是猜测词义题;三是推理判断题;四是综合概括题。在做阅读理解题时,一定要仔细看完,看清楚试题要求再作答,特别要注意NOT,TRUE,EXCEPT等词。有时,要先看题,后阅读文章,带着问题去读短文,可缩短阅读时间,效果也许会更好。 

 

练习册系列答案
相关习题

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

Friendship is unconditional and uncritical, based only on mutual respect and the ability to enjoy each other's company. These authority figures never saw the way one of us could do something outrageous, and the rest of us would joke about it for days. We could have fun doing absolutely nothing at all—because the (1)_______ we provided each other with was enough. Rather than discussing operas, Lewinsky, or the weather, we enjoyed just (2)_______ each other without any one of us trying to outsmart the others. Still, I realize that these adults had a(3)_______ to be concerned about the direction my friends were(4)_______; I also was concerned for them, but I wasn't about to (5)_______ them.

Many times I would advise my friends that some activity may be (6)_______ or to think things through before doing something, but I would never claim to hold the moral high ground and to condescend to them. When Marvin would begin rolling joints, when Alisa would tell me she skipped school because of a hangover, or when Merriam would tell me that her new boyfriend was in a street gang, I expressed my discomfort with their (7)_______. However, I never (8)_______ them with the threat of taking my friendship away. Contrary to the commercials on television, you can have (9)______ who use drugs. In fact, probably everyone does without (10)______ it.

1. A. gift        B. present          C. company        D. friendship

2. A. hanging around                            B. learning from  

  C. communicating with           D. joining in

3. A. prejudice B. point              C. suggestion                D. situation

4. A. giving            B. coming        C. heading        D. facing

5. A. ignore          B. upset             C. blame                D. leave

6. A. crazy     B. dangerous             C. boring             D. important

7. A. action            B. lessons                C. words             D. thoughts

8. A. force          B. threaten               C. persuade         D. cheat

9. A. friends         B. girlfriends    C. classmates              D. brothers

10. A. hearing         B. recognizing     C. realizing          D. knowing

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:2012届浙江省温州中学高三10月月考英语卷 题型:完型填空

Many of us spend a great deal of time and energy trying to prove that we are right and others are wrong. Many people  21  that it’s their job to show others how their positions, statements, and points of view are   22  , and that on doing so, the person they are correcting is going to somehow  _23 it, or at least learn something. Wrong!
Think about it. Have you ever been  _24 by someone and said to him, “Thank you so much for showing me that I’m wrong and you’re right”? Or, has anyone you know ever   25 you when you corrected them, or made yourself “right” at their  26  ? Of course not. The truth is, all of us   27 to be corrected. We all want our position to be   28  and understood by others. Being listened to and heard is one of the greatest  29  of the human heart. And those who learn to  30  are the most loved and respected. Those who are in the   31 of correcting others are often resented(怨恨 ) and   32   .
A wonderful way for becoming more peaceful and loving is to practice   33   others the joy of being right ---give them the glory.   34 correcting. When someone says, “ I really feel it’s important to …”, rather than breaking   35  and saying, “No, it’s more important to…“, simply let it go and allow their statement to  36  . The people in your life will become less defensive and more   37  . They will appreciate you more than you could ever have   38  . You’ll discover the joy of joining in and witnessing other people’s   39  , which is far more rewarding than a battle of egos( 自我 ). Starting today, let others be   40 ” , most of the time.

【小题1】
A.believe B.doubtC.proveD.tell
【小题2】
A.unimportant B.unbelievableC.incorrectD.imperfect
【小题3】
A.considerB.appreciateC.understandD.refuse
【小题4】
A.fooledB.helpedC.taughtD.corrected
【小题5】
A.thankedB.rewardedC.caredD.accepted
【小题6】
A.sideB.priceC.expense D.value
【小题7】
A.likeB.hateC.preferD.afford
【小题8】
A.admiredB.receivedC.realizedD.respected
【小题9】
A.shortcomings B.advantageC.desiresD.wishes
【小题10】
A.talkB.praiseC.helpD.listen
【小题11】
A.habitB.formC.positionD.purpose
【小题12】
A.punishedB.avoidedC.leftD.laughed
【小题13】
A.lettingB.lendingC.allowingD.owing
【小题14】
A.StopB.ContinueC.PractiseD.Try
【小题15】
A.outB.upC.inD.off
【小题16】
A.lastB.sendC.workD.stand
【小题17】
A.helpfulB.lovingC.carefulD.popular
【小题18】
A.dreamedB.requestedC.askedD.demanded
【小题19】
A.sufferingsB.worries C.progressD.happiness
【小题20】
A.happyB.rightC.sorryD.proud

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:2011-2012学年湖南凤凰县华鑫中学高二12月月考英语试卷 题型:完型填空

I grew up poor---living in the housing projects (住房) with six brothers, three sisters, a varying assortment (各式各样东西的混合) of foster kids (养子), my father, and a wonderful mother, Scarlette Hunley. We had little money and few worldly goods, but plenty of love and attention. I was  36  and energetic. I understood that no matter how poor a person was, he could still  37  a dream.
My dream was  38 . By the time I was sixteen, I could crush a baseball, and hit anything that moved on the baseball field. I was also  39 : My high school coach Jarvis, who not only believed in me, but taught me how to believe in myself. He  40  me the difference between having a dream and showing conviction (信念). One particular incident with Coach Jarvis changed my life forever.
It was the summer between my junior and senior years, and a friend  41  me for a summer job. This meant a chance for money in my pocket—cash for dates with girls, certainly, money for a new bike and new clothes, and the start of savings for a  42  for my mother. The prospect of a summer job was attractive and interesting, and I wanted to jump at the opportunity. Then I realized I would have to  43  summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn’t be playing.
When I told Coach Jarvis, he was  44  as I expected him to be. “You have your whole life to work,” he said. “Your  45  days are limited. You can’t afford to waste them.”
I stood before him with my head hanging, trying to think of the words that would explain to him why my dream of buying my mom a house and having money in my pocket was worth facing his  46  to me.
“How much are you going to make at this job, son?” He demanded. “3.5 dollars an hour.” I replied. “Well,” he asked, “Is $3.5 an hour the price of a dream?”
That question, the plainness of it, laid bare for me the difference between wanting something right now and having a goal. I dedicated myself to sports that summer and with the year I was hired by the Pittsburgh Pirates to play baseball, and was  47  a $20,000 contract. I signed with the Denver Broncos in 1998 for $1.7 million, and bought my mother the house of my dreams.

【小题1】
A.happyB.politeC.shyD.honest
【小题2】
A.liveB.affordC.makeD.need
【小题3】
A.athleticsB.musicC.businessD.money
【小题4】
A.rightB.popularC.luckyD.confident
【小题5】
A.persuadedB.taughtC.broughtD.asked
【小题6】
A.sentB.advisedC.gaveD.recommended
【小题7】
A.ticketB.carC.houseD.job
【小题8】
A.give inB.give upC.give awayD.give off
【小题9】
A.disappointedB.madC.frightenedD.shameful
【小题10】
A.livingB.playingC.workingD.learning
【小题11】
A.sadnessB.regretC.hopelessnessD.disappointment
【小题12】
A.paidB.gotC.offeredD.presented

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:2012-2013学年河北省邢台一中高一下学期第二次月考英语试卷(带解析) 题型:完型填空

Many of us spend a great deal of time and energy trying to prove that we are right and others are wrong. Many people believe that it’s their job to  36 others how their positions, statements and points of view are   37  and that in doing so, the person they are correcting is going to somehow   38  it, or at least learn something. Wrong!
Think about it. Have you ever been   39  by someone and said to him, “Thank you so much for showing me that I’m wrong and you’re right.” Or has anyone you know ever   40  you when you corrected him, or made yourself “right” at his 41  ? Of course not. The truth is, all of us   42 to be corrected. We all want our position to be   43  and understood by others. Being listened to and heard is one of the greatest   44  of the human heart. And those who learn to   45  are the most loved and respected. Those who are in the   46  of correcting others are often hated and   47 .
A wonderful way of becoming more peaceful and loving is to practice  48    others the joy of being right--- give them the glory.   49 correcting. When someone says, “I really feel it’s important to…” rather than   50  and saying, “No, it’s more important to…” , simply let it go and allow his statement to   51 . The people in your life will become less defensive and more   52 . They will appreciate you more than you could ever have   53  possible. You’ll discover the joy of joining in and seeing other people’s  54  , which is far more rewarding than a battle of egos(自我意识). Starting today, and let others be “  55  ” most of the time.

【小题1】
A.classifyB.showC.adviseD.persuade
【小题2】
A.unbelievable B.imperfectC.incorrectD.unimportant
【小题3】
A.promoteB.appreciate C.considerD.understand
【小题4】
A.correctedB.fooledC.helpedD.taught
【小题5】
A.awarded B.acceptedC.caredD.thanked
【小题6】
A.effort B.price C.expenseD.power
【小题7】
A.affordB.hateC.likeD.prefer
【小题8】
A.respectedB.receivedC.admiredD.realized
【小题9】
A.advantagesB.appetitesC.shortcomingsD.desires
【小题10】
A.adjustB.benefitC.listenD.praise
【小题11】
A.formB.habitC.purposeD.position
【小题12】
A.avoidedB.leftC.punishedD.scolded
【小题13】
A.lendingB.owingC.promising D.allowing
【小题14】
A.ConsiderB.PracticeC.StopD.Continue
【小题15】
A.working outB.jumping in C.turning upD.putting off
【小题16】
A.standB.lastC.harmD.work
【小题17】
A.carefulB.helpfulC.popularD.loving
【小题18】
A.orderedB.ledC.dreamedD.demanded
【小题19】
A.worriesB.happinessC.sufferingsD.success
【小题20】
A.rightB.satisfiedC.proudD.excited

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:2010年江苏省海门中学高一下学期期中考试英语 题型:完型填空

阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen  36  for almost a month. The crops were dying. Every day, my husband  37  to get water to the fields. But  38  we saw some rain soon, we would lose everything.
However, one day I learned the true lesson of  39  and witnessed the only miracle I had  40  seen before. I was cooking in the kitchen when I saw my son, Billy,  41  toward the woods. He was walking  42  with effort, trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the  43 , he came running back. I went on cooking, 44  that whatever he had been doing was finished. Moments later,  45 , he was once again walking slowly toward the woods. This activity went on for an hour. Finally I couldn’t help  46  him and saw the most amazing  47 .
Several large deer stood in front of him. Billy walked right up to them. I  48  screamed(尖叫) for him to get away, because a huge deer was dangerously  49  to him at that time. But the deer didn’t even move as Billy knelt down(跪下). I saw a tiny  50  lying on the ground, obviously suffering from  51 , lifting its head to drink the water cupped in Billy’s hands. When the water was  52 , Billy ran back to get more. It then became quite  53  to me what my son was doing.
I stood there, watching my  54  boy working so hard to save another life. As my tears began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops. I looked up at the sky. It was as if God himself was weeping with pride. The rain that day 55 our farm.
36. A. water               B. rain             C. cloud           D. storm
37. A. decided           B. chose           C. tried            D. offered
38. A. before            B. if                  C. until           D. unless
39. A. sending          B. sharing          C. forgiving        D. begging
40. A. ever             B. never           C. once              D. yet
41. A. running                                         B. jumping         C. walking               D. riding
42. A. slowly                                          B. quickly          C. hurriedly              D. dangerously
43. A. plants           B. flowers          C. vegetables       D. woods
44. A. thinking         B. wondering       C. worrying        D. dreaming
45. A. though           B. besides          C. however           D. too
46. A. beating          B. following       C. teaching           D. hoping
47. A. sign             B. field             C. world           D. scene
48. A. almost           B. already          C. just              D. even
49. A. weak            B. ill               C. close            D. brave
50. A. horse                                           B. crop               C. baby              D. deer
51. A. thirst            B. diseases           C. heat             D. pain
52. A. lost             B. cleaned           C. gone            D. dried
53. A. comfortable                                     B. clear               C. acceptable         D. simple
54. A. kind                                           B. clever              C. naughty          D. honest
55. A. hit              B. washed            C. ruined           D. saved

查看答案和解析>>

同步练习册答案