Question

阅读理解 　　What’s your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember the first time you heard thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom recall events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four rarely retain(保持)any memory of specific, personal experiences． 　　A variety of explanations have been proposed by psychologists(心理学家)for this “childhood amnesia”(记忆缺失, 健忘)．One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature(成熟)until about the age of two．But the most popular theory maintains(主张)that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot access(接近)childhood memories．Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories．But when they search through their mental files for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don’t find any that fit the pattern．It’s like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary． 　　Now psychologist Annette Simms offers a new explanation for childhood amnesia．She argues that there simply aren’t any early childhood memories to recall．According to Dr．Simms, children need to learn to use someone else’s spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly forgotten impressions of these experiences into long-term memories．In other words, children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about them- Mother talking about the afternoon spent looking for crabs(蟹)at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park．Without this verbal reinforcement, says Dr．Simms, children cannot form permanent(永久的，持久的)memories of their personal experiences． (1) According to the passage, it is widely believed that ________． [　　] A． it is impossible for an adult to recall his(or her)childhood experiences B． adults and children have different brain structures C． adults think in words while children think in images D． adults virtually have no access to their childhood memories (2) The word “hippocampus” probably means ________． [　　] A． a research center engaged in the study of human brains B． a psychological research department of a university C． a miniature(tiny)campus formulated in one?s childhood memory D． a part of the brain in charge of the formation of memories (3) “Trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary” is stated in the passage to show that ________． [　　] A． adults and children have different memory patterns B． it is unlikely to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary C． Chinese and English are totally different languages D． memories are in some way connected with languages (4) According to Annette Simms, ________． [　　] A． verbal reinforcement is necessary for children to have permanent memories B． there does not exist such things as childhood memories C． children’s brains are mature enough to form permanent memories D． children are generally inexperienced and unable to remember things they don’t understand

Answer 1

答案：1．C;2．D;3．A;4．A;
解析：

(1)	细节题。根据文章第二段中的一句话“But the most popular theory maintains(主张)that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot access childhood memories．”我们知道成年人和儿童的思维方式不一样，因此成年人不能进入儿童的记忆。
(2)	词义判断题。根据“hippocampus”后面的同位语，“the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories”我们可知道它是指大脑中负责记忆的一个区域，叫做“海马状突起”。
(3)	判断题。作者之所以用这个例子，就是想以此来说明成人的记忆方式和小孩的不一样。成人用词汇来思维，而小孩主要是通过模仿的方式来谈论他们的经历或听别人谈论他们。“children cannot form permanent memories of their personal experiences．”我们可知道没有词汇方面的强化，儿童对自己的个人经历不会长久地记住。
(4)	细节题。根据文章最后一句，“Without this verbal reinforcement, says Dr．Simms．”可知答案。