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When people advise your children to “get an education”, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to give manpower for your society.

Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you are occupationally(职业上) dead, unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison and you can successfully stop study in primary school.

Get a college degree, if possible. With a BA(学士学位), you should start to find a job. You have to put on the brakes now. If you do go for a master’s degree, make sure it is an MBA and only from a first-class university. Otherwise, the famous law of diminishing(报酬递减律) begins to work.

Do you know; for example, that long-distance truck drivers make more money a year than full professors(正教授)? Yes, each driver was paid $ 28,000 in 1997 while a full professor managed to get $ 27,930.

A PhD is the highest degree you can get, but except in few specialized filed such as physics or chemistry, where the degree can quickly by turned to industrial or commercial aim, you are facing a not very bright future. There are more PhDs unemployed in this country than in any other part of the world by far.

If you became a PhD in English or history or political science or languages or-worst of all-in philosophy, you take the risk of becoming over-educated for our national demands.

Thousands of PhDs are selling shoes, driving taxis, vomiting on tables and filling out applications month after month, and then may be taking a job in high school or college with the pay much less than a door-keeper makes.

1.According to the writer, the society expects education to turn out people who will ________.

       A.raise their payment                               B.become specialized in some way

       C.have a bright future                              D.meet the demands as a source of manpower

2.If you don’t want to be occupationally dead, you ____________.

       A.should look for a job in a primary school

       B.must at least get a high school diploma

       C.have to change your name for Bernard Shaw or Edison

       D.should go on learning and become a doctor or physics or chemistry

3.The underlined phrase “put on the brakes” (in Para 3) means ________.

       A.stop learning for a high degree

       B.take up master’s degree at once

       C.go on studying in a first-class university

       D.find any interesting job

4.Which of the following is not TRUE according to the passage?

       A.Neither Bernard Shaw or Edison finished high school

       B.There are more PhDs than the society demands.

       C.The higher education level is, the more money you will earn.

       D.If you are overeducated, you can not easily get a good job.

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It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation(变异) in the gene for melanosome production. This results in less pigmented skin.

However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes.

Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun(太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.

But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.

Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin colour, said Cheng.

The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin colour without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.

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  D. scientists have found out that people’s skin colour is determined by the gene

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  B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene

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Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebra fish in order to ________.

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  C. find out the reason why the Africans’ skin colour is dark

  D. find out the ways of changing peopl’s skin colour

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Can people change their skin colour without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin colour.

The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.

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The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin colour without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.

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The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin colour without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.

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However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is dif ferent in human and zebrafish genes.

Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun(太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.

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  B. the new discovery could lead to search into ways to change skin colour safely

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阅读理解
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out except a few sad-looking homeless peopl e under blankets.
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