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17.If your preschoolers turn up their noses at carrots or celery (芹菜),a small reward like a sticker for taking even a taste may help get them to eat previously disliked foods,a UK study said.
    Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young children to eat their vegetables,the idea is actually controversial,researchers wrote in the American,Journal of Clinical Nutrition.That's because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked,said Jane Wardle,a researcher at University College London who worked on the study.Verbal praise,such as"Brilliant!You're a great vegetable taster",did not work as well.
"We would recommend that parents consider using small non-food rewards,given daily for tasting tiny pieces of the food 一 smaller than half a little finger nail,"Wardle said in an email.
    The study found that when parents gave their small children a sticker each time they took a"tiny taste"of a disliked vegetable,it gradually changed their attitudes.The children were also willing to eat more of the vegetables一 either carrots,celery,cucumber,red pepper,cabbage or sugar snap peas 一 in laboratory taste tests,the study said.
    Researchers randomly assigned 173 families to one of these groups.In one,parents used stickers to reward their children each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable.A second group of parents used verbal praise.The third group,where parents used no special vegetable-promoting methods,served as a"control"(控制组;对照组).
    Parents in the reward groups offered their children a taste of the"target"vegetable every day for 12 days.Soon after,children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables 一 and were willing to eat more in the research lab,going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12-day experience.The turnaround also seemed to last,with preschoolers in the sticker group still willing to eat more of the once-disliked vegetable three months later.
    Why didn't the verbal praise work?Wardle said-the parents'words may have seemed"insincere"to their children.

46.The purpose of writing the passage isB.
A.to show what healthy diets for children consist of
B.to introduce a way of making children eat disliked vegetables
C.to explain Why children don't like to eat some vegetables
D.to present a proper way of verbal praise to parents
47.The underlined word"backfire"in Paragraph 2 probably meansC.
A.shoot from behind the back
B.make a fire in the backyard
C.produce an unexpected result
D.achieve what was planned
48.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?B
A.Most children are born to hate vegetables like carrots or celery.
B.Rewarding isn't always a good way to get children to eat vegetables.
C.Oral praise works quite well in encouraging children to eat vegetables.
D.Children in the sticker group won't lose interest in eating vegetables.
49.How did the researchers get their conclusion from the experiment?A
A.By comparison.
B.By asking questions.
G.By giving examples.
D.By discussion.
50.What can we learn from the last paragraph?B
A.Children like rewards,not verbal praise.
B.Parents should give up verbal praise.
C.Children are very difficult to inspire.
D.Parents'tone is important to their kids.

分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读,属于说明文,本文围绕英国的一项研究,如果您的学龄前儿对胡萝卜和芹菜童嗤之以鼻,一个小奖励,如贴纸(贴画)以甚至味道可以让他们吃以前不喜欢的食物展开谈论.

解答 46.B.主旨大意题.阅读全文,根据文章内容可知,本文主要围绕一项研究展开,主要讲述了一种让孩子吃不喜欢的蔬菜的方法.故选B.
47.C.词义猜测题.根据上下文可知,.That's because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked句意为奖励会适得其反,导致孩子失去他们已经喜欢食物的兴趣.故backfire意为适得其反.故选C.
48.B.细节理解题.根据That's because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked可知,奖励会适得其反,导致孩子失去他们已经喜欢食物的兴趣.故奖励并不是一个好的方法.故选B.
49.A.细节理解题.根据Researchers randomly assigned 173families to one of these groups.In one,parents used stickers to reward their children each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable.A second group of parents used verbal praise.The third group,where parents used no special vegetable-promoting methods,served as a"control"(控制组;对照组).可知,研究者利用对比的方法来开展实验.故选A.
50.B.推理判断题.根据Why didn't the verbal praise work?Wardle said-the parents'words may have seemed"insincere"to their children.可知,父母不应该采用口头表扬的方式来让孩子吃不喜欢的蔬菜,因为这似乎对孩子不真诚.故选B.

点评 本文是一篇科教类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题,推理判断题,词义猜测题,主旨大意题.做题时学生应仔细阅读原文,把握文章主要内容,联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义,从中选出正确答案,一定要做到有理有据,切忌胡乱猜测.

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Jay is a follower of a movement called"minimalism (极简主义)".Growing numbers of people have been attracted to this lifestyle all over the world.They share the same feeling of disappointment with modern life and a desire to live more simply.Minimalists are typically progressive and concerned about the environment,Leah Watkins,a lead researcher at Otago University in New Zealand,told Stuff magazine in March.
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"It's eliminating the excess 一 unused items,unnecessary purchases 一 from your life.Well,I may have fewer possessions,but I have more space…Minimalism is making room for what matters most,"said Jay.
And"the real questions",according to Duane Elgin,US social scientist,are"what do you care about?"and"What do you value?"
He told CNN:"It's important for people to realize minimalism isn't simply the amount of stuff we consume.It's about our families,our work,our connection with the larger world,our spiritual dimension.It's about how we touch the whole world.It's a way of life."

51.What inspired Francine Jay to live a simple life?C
A.A book she came across.
B.A follower of minimalism she met on a trip.
C.The pleasure she enjoyed from traveling lightly.
D.Her desire to keep up with modern life.
52.According to Leah Watkins,a typical minimalist tends toB.
a.be fed up with materialism
b.like saving and visiting nature often
c.be disappointed with his or her current life
d.be environmentally friendly and live with fewer things
A.a,b  B.a,d  C.a,b,c  D.b.c,d
53.The underlined word"eliminating"in the second-to-last paragraph probably meansA.
A.removing B.distinguishingC.acceptingD.improving
54.Which of the following would Duane Elgin probably agree withD?
A.Minimalism is a healthy lifestyle that is in conflict with modern life.
B.Minimalism means people have to sacrifice some pleasure to live simply.
C.Minimalism limits people's freedom to enjoy their lives to the fullest.
D.Minimalism enables people to reflect on what truly counts in their lives.
55.What was the author's main purpose in writing the text?C
A.To argue whether money buys happiness.
B.To recommend one of Francine Jay's books.
C.To explore the trend of minimalism.
D.To give tips on how to lead a happy life.

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:短文改错

11.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中 10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词.
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.
On my way home after school there had an accident.A heavy truck hit a bike,caused the young woman on the bike to fall to the ground heavy.As a result,one of her leg was broken.Blood  was running down his leg.A lot of people stood by watching,but everybody gave her hand.I  hurriedly stopped a passed car,and the driver and I carried the injury woman into the car.Then we took her to the hospital nearby.The doctors treated her in time and she is soon out of danger.

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

12.Not long ago,I answered a telephone call from an old friend Jack."Hi,Steve,"he said,"I just wanted to see how you are getting along."For whatever reason,for months our paths had simply not crossed.It was good to talk with him.I wondered why we hadn't kept in touch better.Towards the end of the conversation,he said,"If you need me in any way,I will be happy to help out."And he meant it.
That call came at just the right time.That time,I had just about reached the lowest point in my life.I lost my job because of my poor performance,but I really needed the job to support the family.I needed those words of encouragement.The phone did it.I hung up the phone feeling real warmth in my chest.
    And that day I re-learned something important about life:life is mainly about people---not plans and schedules,not to-do lists and a million tasks left undone---it's about people.
    My friend reminded me that it is never enough just to love; we must also express it.He advised me to share my trouble with my wife or even my children.He would like to have phone calls and be my listener.What good is our love toward others if we don't find ways to let them know?
George William Childs said like this:Do not keep the box of your love and friendship sealed(封闭) up until your friends are dead.Fill their lives with sweetness.Speak cheering words while their ears can hear them and while their hearts can be made happier.Say the kind things you mean to say before they go.Happiness may be just a phone call away.
28.By"our paths had simply not crossed",the author meansD
A.they avoided meeting each other         
B.they lived far away from each other
C.they went different ways to go to work      
D.they didn't have contact with each other
29.What happened to Steve when he received Jack's call?B
A.He ran out of money                     
B.He was out of work
C.He lost his friends'support               
D.He couldn't balance his work and family
30.What's Jack's suggestion to the author?D
A.Running his own business                
B.Caring more about life than work
C.Working hard to support his family          
D.Communicating with his family and friends
31.According to George William Childs,A
A.love should be spoken out                   
B.true love suffers,and is silent
C.happiness is as simple as a phone call      
D.don't say bad words about your beloved ones.

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