A wave of recent research has pointed to the risks of over praising a child. And it seems that how to draw a line between too little praise and too much has become a high-pressure act for parents.Self 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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A wave of recent research has pointed to the risks of over praising a child. And it seems that how to draw a line between too little praise and too much has become a high-pressure _  _act for parents.
Self-esteem (自尊) serves as a kind of tool to measure how much children feel valued and accepted by     . This sensitivity to others'      develops because of humans' need for social acceptance, which is considered to be      to survival. As early as age 8, children's self-esteem tends to rise and fall in response to feedbacks about      peers see them as likable or attractive.     , it can also be beneficial for kids to feel bad about themselves occasionally, if they behave in selfish, mean or hurtful ways that might      their ability to maintain relationships or hold a job in the future.
In the past, many parents and educators believed that high self-esteem      happiness and success, and kids could gain self-esteem simply by getting      and awards from their parents, teachers and people around. But recently researchers have found self-esteem doesn't _   these desired results. Instead, if parents praise their kids     , their self-esteem becomes focused on being very smart and being the best and being perfect. Building too much self-esteem of the children can not go as planned, making them feel      later on when they hit setbacks (挫折).
According to some experts, it can actually be good for kids to have      self-esteem, at least once in a while. And praise can be      if it disregards the world outside the home. Children who have a      understanding of how they are seen by others tend to get recovered more readily      disappointment, depression or the like. The best path is a      road, helping children develop a positive but      view of themselves in relation to others by praising them for the      they invest and behaviors they are able to sustain, like "It's      that you're working so hard on your homework. "

小题1:

A．balancing

B．crashing

C．forcing

D．embarrassing

小题2:

A．themselves

B．parents

C．others

D．teachers

小题3:

A．views

B．envies

C．favors

D．blames

小题4:

A．irrelevant

B．similar

C．important

D．sensitive

小题5:

A．when

B．whether

C．how

D．where

小题6:

A．Indeed

B．Otherwise

C．Therefore

D．However

小题7:

A．improve

B．damage

C．change

D．develop

小题8:

A．promised

B．delayed

C．purchased

D．ruined

小题9:

A．support

B．help

C．challenge

D．praise

小题10:

A．settle down

B．work out

C．give away

D．bring about

小题11:

A．rarely

B．carefully

C．constantly

D．casually

小题12:

A．worse

B．stronger

C．better

D．madder

小题13:

A．high

B．much

C．low

D．little

小题14:

A．powerful

B．harmful

C．grateful

D．stressful

小题15:

A．practical

B．limited

C．basic

D．perfect

小题16:

A．with

B．to

C．about

D．from

小题17:

A．straight

B．smooth

C．middle

D．rough

小题18:

A．general

B．realistic

C．different

D．negative

小题19:

A．talent

B．time

C．money

D．effort

小题20:

A．necessary

B．awesome

C．worthless

D．awful

小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:B
小题6:D
小题7:B
小题8:A
小题9:D
小题10:D
小题11:C
小题12:A
小题13:C
小题14:B
小题15:A
小题16:D
小题17:C
小题18:B
小题19:D
小题20:B

试题分析：文章阐述过度的表扬反而对孩子没有好处，过度的自尊心让孩子不能客观的认识自己，在遇到挫折的时候，不能尽快恢复，对孩子的评价要积极，但是也要客观。
小题1:考查动词辨析：A. balancing平衡，B. crashing撞击，C. forcing强迫，D. embarrassing尴尬，近来一些研究指出了过分表扬孩子可能带来的种种风险。不过，对于家长而言，要在夸奖得太少与太多之间划清界限，这难度不亚于顶着巨大的压力走高空绳索。选A
小题2:考查反身代词：A. themselves他们自己，B. parents父母，C. others   其他人，D. teachers老师，从下文的：This sensitivity to others' 38 develops because of humans' need for social acceptance,可知自尊心是一种工具可以衡量孩子被别人重视和接受的程度。选C
小题3:考查名词辨析：A. views观点，B. envies嫉妒，C. favors恩惠，D. blames责备，这种对别人的观点的敏感发展是因为人们对社会认可的需求。选A
小题4:考查形容词辨析：A. irrelevant 不相关，B. similar 相似，C. important重要，D. sensitive敏感的，这被认为是对生存很重要的，选C
小题5:考查连词辨析：A. when当…时候，B. whether是否，C. how怎样， D. where哪里，在8岁的时候，孩子的自我认知就会随着同伴是否认为他们可爱或是有魅力这样的反馈而增加或降低。选B
小题6:考查副词辨析：A. Indeed   确实，B. Otherwise否则，C. Therefore因此，D. However然而，然而，偶尔让孩子感觉不好也是有好处的。表示转折关系，选D
小题7:考查动词辨析：A. improve提高，B. damage  破坏，C. change改变，D. develop发展，如果孩子的行为表现出自私、自大或是会伤害到他人──这样的行为有可能影响到他们未来与他人相处或是保住自己工作的能力，选B
小题8:考查动词辨析：A. promised许诺，答应，预示着，B. delayed拖延，C. purchased购买，D. ruined毁了，过去，许多家长和教育者相信，较高的自我认可度预示着将会带来幸福感与成功，选A
小题9:考查动词辨析：A. support支持，B. help帮助，C. challenge挑战，D. praise表扬，而若要孩子实现高度的自我认可，做法很简单，只要给予他们大量的奖励和赞美即可。选D
小题10:考查动词短语辨析： A. settle down定居下来，平静下来，B. work out 计算出，锻炼，结果是，C. give away泄露，赠送，D. bring about引起，导致，带来，不过研究者们后来发现，自我认可并不会带来这些结果。选D
小题11:考查副词辨析：A. rarely  罕见的，B. carefully仔细地，C. constantly不断地，D. casually随意地，如果父母经常表扬孩子，他们的自尊就专注于聪明，最好的，最完美的。选C
小题12:考查形容词辨析：A. worse更糟，B. stronger更强，C. better更好，D. madder更疯狂，让孩子的自我过于膨胀反而有可能起到相反的作用，使他们在未来遭受挫折时感觉更为糟糕。选A
小题13:考查形容词辨析：A. high高，B. much多，C. low低，D. little少，根据一些专家所说，让孩子保持较低的自尊可能实际上对孩子是好事情。选C
小题14:考查形容词辨析：A. powerful强大的，B. harmful有害的，C. grateful 感激的，D. stressful有压力的，表扬可能是有害的，因为它忽视了外面的世界，选B
小题15:考查形容词辨析：A. practical 实用的，B. limited有限的，C. basic基本的，D. perfect完美的，对别人怎么看待他有实际的理解的孩子往往会从失望中恢复的更快，选A
小题16:考查介词辨析：A. with和…一起，B. to给，去，C. about关于，D. from来自，使用了词组“recoverfrom”，选D
小题17:考查形容词辨析：A. straight直的，B. smooth光滑的，C. middle 中间的，D. rough粗糙的，最好的方法是中间的道路，选C
小题18:考查形容词辨析：A. general一般的，B. realistic现实的，C. different不同的，D. negative负面的，帮助孩子建立一种积极的但是是现实的别人对自己的观点。选B
小题19:考查名词辨析：A. talent  才能，B. time  时间，C. money钱，D. effort努力，通过努力获得的表扬，选D
小题20:考查形容词辨析：A. necessary必须，B. awesome令人敬畏的；可怕的；出色的，C. worthless无价值的，不值钱的，D. awful可怕的，你作业做的这么认真真是很棒。选B

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科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

Sooner or later, most students are to take some form of English examinations. Often the more successful students are better prepared. However, sometimes students who do well have better test taking skills. These abilities really have nothing to do with understanding English better. They are skills that make taking the test easier, and therefore provide better results.
Here are some very important—and often ignored—guidelines to taking a test successfully.
Do not insist on completing each question before going to the next. This is extremely important. Remember one question may only be worth one point! You will become nervous when you fail to find out its answer, making you lose your concentration and leading to worse results. However, answering the questions you are sure you know results in your being more relaxed and feeling more confident.
Go through the test a second time working out the answers to more difficult questions. Sometimes questions asked are answered in later questions asking for different things.
Usually(but not always) a strong first impulse(冲动) means we know the answer and we don’t really have to think about it too much. Going back to think about it usually makes you unsure and often causes a mistake. This is very common, so be very careful!
If you don’t know the answer, write something. If you are answering a 4 possibility multiple choice question you will still have a 25% chance of being correct!
Taking a test is as much for you as is for your teacher, so never cheat. If you cheat, you don’t help yourself in the long run.
小题1:In the first paragraph, the writer stresses the importance of ______.

A．better preparations for exams.

B．better understanding of English.

C．better skills at taking exams.

D．better results of taking exams.

小题2:When taking an exam, you are advised ______.

A．to first answer the questions which are easier to you.

B．to depend on your first impulse to answer the questions.

C．to search the test paper for all the answers to the questions.

D．to give up the questions whose answers you don’t know.

小题3:It is common that many students______.

A．pay much attention to their testing skills.

B．often give up a difficult test halfway.

C．often get higher results by cheating.

D．don’t believe in their first impulse.

小题4:What would be the best title of the passage?

A．Effective Studying Methods.	B．Effective Test Taking Skills.
C．Getting Better Exam Results.	D．Being Successful Students.

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科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

People in several American states may be surprised to see cars on city streets without a driver. Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida, Nevada and California. They are pointing the way to a future that is not far down the road. The high-tech company Google has a number of self-driving cars, which had covered 480,000 kilometers by August. Volvo is among the companies doing road tests and says it plans to sell driverless cars by 2020.
In September, California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state. " Today we're looking at science fiction becoming tomorrow's reality-the driverless car. " The technology for these cars includes cameras, radar and motion sensors. The systems have been improved through competitions sponsored by the U. S. government agency DARPA. Engineer Richard Mason of the Rand Corporation helped design driverless vehicles for DARPA challenge races.
Cars have become much more fuel-efficient, and new electronic features are' making Hondas safer, said Angie Nucci of Honda America. " A camera on the passenger-side mirror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes. " Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars. These systems help drivers , but don't replace them. Curator Leslie Kendall of the Petersen Automotive Museum said autonomous cars will make the high ways safer．
"By taking out drivers, you also remove most risks of an accident," Kendall said. He said consumers, however, may be unwilling to lose control. "It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable, but it will have to prove itself first. "
Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable. He said this will happen as the technology is improved.
小题1:What can we learn from Paragraph l?
A. Driverless vehicles are now legal in the whole USA.
B. Volvo will be the first to sell driverless cars.
C. Driverless cars are pointing us' a faraway future.
D. Google's self-driving cars have covered a long distance.
小题2:We learn that Governor of California Jerry Brown_________.

A．helped design self-driving cars.

B．supports self-driving cars on roads.

C．considers self-driving cars science fiction.

D．improved the self-driving car systems.

小题3:What is the role of the systems mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A．They can help people drive more safely.

B．They can take the place of drivers now.

C．They can make cars run without fuel.

D．They can help cars run much faster.

小题4:According to Richard Mason, what is the biggest challenge for driverless cars?

A．They are not allowed to run on the road.

B．Their technical problems remain to be solved.

C．They are now too expensive for consumers.

D．They are more dangerous for people on the street.

小题5:What's the best title of the passage?

A．The benefits of the self-driving cars.

B．The biggest challenge of the self-driving cars.

C．Safer or more dangerous-self-driving cars.

D．Self-driving cars-science fiction future is near.

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