Most episodes of absent-minded-forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.”
Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situation. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe(衣柜). “Your memory itself isn’t failing you,” says Schacter, “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”
Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,” says Zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.” Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they are more interested in what’s happening around them, and memory relies on just that.
Visual cues(提示) can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available,” he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the bill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time,” says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.
1.What does the underlined word “episode” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Experiences. B. Experiments. C. Expressions. D. Feelings.
2.According to the passage, women have better memories than men probably because ________.
A. they have a wider range of interests
B. they always put things where they were
C. they pay more attention to their environment
D. they prefer to write notes to tell them what they should do
3.What can help prevent absent-mindedness according to Schacter?
A. Writing notes. B. Taking some medicine.
C. Putting something in sight. D. Returning to where you were.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A. A Way of Recalling B. The Importance of Encoding
C. Cures for Absent-mindedness D. Causes of Absent-mindedness
科目：高中英语 来源：山西省晋中市2017年3月高考模拟考试英语试卷（word含答案） 题型：阅读理解
It’s cold and dark outside, and your bed is so warm and comfortable. Going for a run seems like such a bad idea. But before you hide your running shoes, it might be worth giving that crazy idea a go.
According to The Huffington Post, an outdoor run in winter, as opposed to one on a treadmill (跑步机), burns more calories because the body is working hard to regulate (调节) its core temperature. Furthermore, research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperatures—and quicker runs burn more calories. Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger.
Outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day. The heat and humidity in the summer can drag you down and tire you faster, but cold weather is refreshing. It adjusts you to your surroundings, making you feel alive.
Of course, the threat of smog in some built-up areas is a further hurdle to winter exercise. Heart attacks, stroke, lung cancer and asthma are all dangers of running in smog. The combination of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems. If you do choose to run outside on smoggy days, take a path in a park or residential area to avoid car exhaust (尾气), and go early in the morning, before rush hour. But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.
1.How does cold weather benefit runners, compared with warm weather?
A. They can run more slowly.
B. They can take in more calories.
C. Their hearts can function harder.
D. Their body temperature can get lower.
2.How does summer affect runners?
A. It builds up their energy quickly. B. It makes runners tired easily.
C. It lessens runners’ stress. D. It causes heart attack.
3.What are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days?
A. Stop driving cars. B. Do more exercise.
C. Avoid outdoor exercise. D. Run late in the morning.
4.What can be the best title of the text?
A. Refresh with a Winter Run B. Take Outdoor Exercise in Summer
C. Go to Run in a Park D. Follow the Tips to Reduce Stress
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届河南省新乡市高三下学期周考（3.5）英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
That was my first ballet performance and I was the lead role. A huge black curtain _______me from the crowd. My heart raced so rapidly that it would_______out of my chest. A rush of _______shot through my body when the music began and I took my_______at the center of the stage. I pushed off the floor as hard as I could and _______into the air. Then I started to come _______for my landing, preparing to jump again, and yet my foot _______I fell, face-first. For a moment I couldn’t _______, wondering if I should go on._______, trained for thousands of hours for twelve years, my muscles ignored the________of my mind and I ________myself back on my feet. I finished the part and left the stage. Bending over a table, I tried to________tears. I didn’t want to go back to finish the last twenty minutes. I didn’t ________the lead role.
Then came my teacher. “The________thing on stage is to fall. You’ve gotten it, so what’s left to________? Just go and give it all. ” Her words ________me. Minutes later, I went back onstage and completely let go of ________. I just danced, letting the music guide me through the movement.
Now, as a Principal Dancer, I often think about that performance. We fall when we try our hardest. There is no ________, only pride. Falling is________and sometimes it is easier just to stay on the________. But if we never get up, we never experience what it is like to fly.
1.A. covered B. hid C. protected D. drove
2.A. beat B. drop C. run D. shout
3.A. amazement B. excitement C. joy D. satisfaction
4.A. time B. turn C. place D. order
5.A. flew B. spun C. rose D. looked
6.A. out B. in C. down D. off
7.A. slipped B. stopped C. stepped D. advanced
8.A. think B. cry C. move D. believe
9.A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Instead
10.A. loss B. pain C. relief D. hesitation
11.A. found B. dragged C. accustomed D. allowed
12.A. dry up B. wipe out C. burst into D. fight back
13.A. play B. deserve C. get D. finish
14.A. unexpected B. awkward C. common D. worst
15.A. go B. do C. lose D. say
16.A. awoke B. enriched C. excited D. surprised
17.A. the music B. myself C. the teacher D. others
18.A. excuse B. fear C. benefit D. shame
19.A. shocking B. interesting C. rare D. terrible
20.A. spot B. road C. ground D. stage
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科目：高中英语 来源：重庆万州二中2016-2017学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷 题型：短文填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A triathlon(三项全能运动) is a sports event which combines three sports,1. (typical) running, biking, and swimming. During a triathlon, athletes finish all three sports without stopping 2. (beat) the clock. People of all ages and sizes can compete in triathlons. But much like other sports events, a lot of professional 3. (compete) rule the triathlon world. In addition, many triathlon 4. (hold) to benefit charity, much like marathons.
The modern triathlon appeared in California in 5. 1970s. It usually begins with the swimming, 6. (follow) by cycling, and finally running. A triathlon tests the endurance(忍耐力) and speed of an athlete, as well as his or her ability to keep energy and focus 7. the race as a whole. A triathlon competes against a clock, rather than against other athletes. A variation of the triathlon is a relay triathlon, 8. a different athlete completes each stage.
The swimming stage takes place in a lake or the open ocean. As soon as athletes come out from the water, they change into cycling at the 9. (fast) speed to save time. After cycling, the athletes change shoes to run. The course is considered complete once the athletes 10. (cross) the finish line.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届甘肃省天水市、兰州市高三下学期一模考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
假定你是李华，最近收到了你的英国朋友Jacob的来信，得知他已经考上了一所名牌大学。请你写信向他表示祝贺，并就你在大学专业选择上遇到的困惑征求他的意见。信的内容包括：
1.向 Jacob 表示祝贺；
2.谈谈你在大学专业选择上的困惑；
3.向对方征求意见和建议。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年陕西省西安市高一下学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear 1. spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. 2. ,we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to succeed 3. learning a language. 4. good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only 5. (memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of 6. (word) and their meaning, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. If we are 7. (satisfy)with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of 8. (advise) for those 9. are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practise speaking and 10. (write) the language whenever we can.
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科目：高中英语 来源：广东省广州市2017届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试卷 题型：书面表达
假定你是李华。你是学生会主席。你校将于5月25—30日在广州沙面举行龙舟赛 (Dragon Boat Race)。请根据以下内容给姐妹学校剑桥中学（Cambridge High School)写一封邀请信。
(1)写信目的
(2)活动时间、地点和意义
(3)回复时间：2017年4月15日前
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯；
3.开头语已为你写好。
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科目：高中英语 来源：江西省2016-2017学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
Does a 16-year-old have the ability to change the world, benefiting hundreds of thousands of people?
Olivia Hallisey should believe so. With her invention of new Ebloa test, the girl from US has become the winner of the 2015 Google Science Fair, a yearly competition for creative teenagers who want to make a difference in the world.
Hallisey’s method asks patients to put a sample of their saliva (唾液)onto a testing card. The card changes color if the person is infected with Ebloa. Present Ebloa tests can take up to 12 hours and cost $1,000. Hallisey’s method, by contrast, can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25. Moreover, the test needn’t be put in a refrigerator thanks to the silk material Olivia used to produce the testing cards.
Hallisey started working on the test one year ago when she saw Ebloa spreading across African countries. Her research was based on looking at and using previous research and her own creative ideas.
“She deserves all the praise she’s getting for her hard work, dedication, and intelligence,” said her science teacher Andrew. “Her project is very helpful for the medical diagnosis that we need in parts of the world where Ebola is most common.”
“What affects one country affects everyone,” Hallisey told CNBC. “We have to work together to find answers to the challenges that threaten global health, our environment and our world.”
1.According to the article, Olivia’s tests .
A. use a person’s saliva, which is sorted at a low temperature
B. are less time-consuming and less expensive than current tests
C. are less time-consuming but more expensive than current tests
D. show changes in the color of blood if the person is infected
2.Which of the fo llowing statements is TRUE?
A. Olivia’s discovery could benefit the lives of many people.
B. Olivia’s research was based on her own creative ideas.
C. Olivia set her mind on winning the 2015 Google Science Fair.
D. Olivia’s research began before the outbreak of Ebloa in Africa.
3.What quality makes the test more convenient?
A. The material used can easily be produced in Africa.
B. The material used is easier to store in a refrigerator.
C. The material used needn’t be put in a special device.
D. The material used is common in the places where Ebloa is most comm on.
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科目：高中英语 来源：宁夏银川市2017届高三上学期第六次月考英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ecotourism
1. It is a new term in today’s tourism industry. But in an age of growing environmental awareness, it is not too difficult for us to imagine and understand this new form of holiday.
Ecotourism, which is considered as a kind of responsible tourism, is typically defined as travel to places where special and unusual plants, animals and cultural heritages are the main attractions. 2. Therefore, programs concerning the protection of some natural and cultural spots also form a part of ecotourism.
Ecotourism is developing at great speed. According to a recent report by the World Tourism Organization, ecotourism in recent years has enjoyed an annual growth of about 5% worldwide. 3. They include bird watching, hiking, diving, photography and taking part in various kinds of local cultural events.
If you love communing with nature, conserving the environment or improving the lives of people then ecotourism is an excellent way to see new and exciting places. 4. However, it looks like some smaller towns and country areas may well become the new destinations for people to visit tomorrow because they are rich in ecological, cultural and historical resources.
Ecotourism has been gaining increasing recognition and popularity mainly for the relaxing, natural and vivid experience it offers to tourists. People are attracted to nature and long to be close to it. However, a conflict between nature and human beings is unavoidable. 5.
A. The definition of ecotourism is beyond words.
B. It takes ecology and culture into consideration.
C. You may not be very familiar with ‘‘ecotourism’’.
D. More than 80 activities have been listed for ecotourism.
E. People can have great fun enjoying nature through ecotourism.
F. Big cities are still the major places that attract tourists in our society today.
G. How to protect natural resources while taking advantage of them is of great importance.
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