Culture helps human societies survive in changing natural environment£®For example, the end of the last Ice Age, beginning about 15,000 years ago, brought a big challenge to which humans had to adapt£®Before this time, large parts of the northern hemisphere were covered in great sheets of ice that contained much of the earth' s water£®In North America, large animals that wandered the vast tundra £¨±ùÔ­£© provided people with food and materials for clothing and simple shelters£®When the earth became warm, large Ice Age animals disappeared, and many land areas were covered by rising sea levels from melting ice£®But people survived, they developed new technologies and learned how to survive on new plant and animal species£® Finally some people settled into permanent villages, durable houses and farms£®
Cultural adaptation has made humans one of the most successful species on the planet£® Through history, major developments in technology, medicine, and nutrition have allowed people to reproduce and survive in ever-increasing numbers£®The global population has risen from 8 million during the Ice Age to about 6 billion today£®
However, the successes of culture adaptation can also create problems in the long run£®Over the last 200 years, people have begun to use large quantities of natural resources and energy and to produce a great amount of material and chemical wastes£®The global population now consumes some important natural resources¡ªsuch as petroleum, wood, and minerals¡ªfaster than nature can produce them£®Many scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes, people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways£®Thus, the adaptive success of the present-day global culture of production and trade may be temporary£®

  1. 1.

    What is the first paragraph mainly talking about?

    1. A.
      How the human beings survived in the Ice Age£®
    2. B.
      What the situation was like during the Ice Age£®
    3. C.
      What caused the Ice Age to come to an end£®
    4. D.
      Why the Ice Age was very important£®
  2. 2.

    To deal with the problems, human beings should ______according to the passage£®

    1. A.
      stop developing any longer
    2. B.
      reduce the overuse of natural resources
    3. C.
      stop the global warming and using natural resources
    4. D.
      save more animals in case they all die out
  3. 3.

    Which of the following is the problem caused by cultural adaptation according to the passage?

    1. A.
      A very developed culture came into being£®
    2. B.
      New technologies have been developed£®
    3. C.
      Natural resources have been used up£®
    4. D.
      Human activities have done damage to the balance of nature£®
  4. 4.

    Which of the following can be the best tide of the passage?

    1. A.
      Natural Environment Should Be Protected£®
    2. B.
      The Success of Cultural Adaptation Is Not Permanent£®
    3. C.
      The Global Population Is Increasing Since Ice Age£®
    4. D.
      Human Beings Are Capable of Surviving on Earth
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1.Ö÷Ö¼´óÒâÌâ¡£´ÓµÚÒ»¶ÎµÄ¾ä×Ó£ºBut people survived, they developed new technologies and learned how to survive on new plant and animal species£® Finally some people settled into permanent villages, durable houses and farms£®ËäÈ»±ù´¨ÈÚ»¯£¬ÈËÀàʳÎïÁ´Ôâµ½ÆÆ»µ£¬µ«ÓÉÓÚÈËÀà¾ßÓÐÈÏʶºÍʹÓÃм¼ÊõµÄÄÜÁ¦¶øµÃÒÔ´æ»î£¬²¢·¢Õ¹×´´ó¡£Ñ¡A
2.ϸ½ÚÀí½âÌâ¡£´ÓµÚÈý¶ÎµÄ¾ä×Ó£ºHowever, the successes of culture adaptation can also create problems in the long run£®ÈËÀà¹ýÁ¿Ê¹ÓÃ×ÔÈ»×ÊÔ´ÒѾ­µ¼ÖÂÁË»·¾³µÄ¶ñ»¯£¬ÀíÖǵİ취¾ÍÊǼõÉÙʹÓÃ×ÔÈ»×ÊÔ´¡£Ñ¡B
3.ϸ½ÚÀí½âÌâ¡£´ÓµÚÈý¶ÎµÄ¾ä×Ó£ºMany scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes, people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways£®¿ÉÖªÈËÀà¹ý¶ÈʹÓÃ×ÔÈ»×ÊÔ´ÆÆ»µÁË×ÔÈ»µÄƽºâ¡£Ñ¡D
4.Ö÷Ö¼Ì⣺´Ó×îºóÒ»¶ÎµÄ¾ä×Ó£ºThus, the adaptive success of the present-day global culture of production and trade may be temporary£®¿ÉÖªtemporary=" Not" PermanentÑ¡B¡£
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The people below are looking for someplace to enjoy some entertainments in Beijing. After the description of these people, there is information about places A ¡ª F. Decide which place would be the most suitable for the person mentioned in1---5and write down the correct letter ( A ¡ª F ) on your answer sheet. One place is not suitable for all.
_____¡¾Ð¡Ìâ1¡¿Stephen studies art in Beijing University. He shows great interest in paintings and he is especially interested in those oil paintings that reflect the variety of life.
____¡¾Ð¡Ìâ2¡¿ Mark has just come to China and he is very interested in Chinese culture. He has been waiting for a long time to have a chance to see a wonderful Chinese acrobatic (ÔÓ¼¼µÄ) performance in China.
____¡¾Ð¡Ìâ3¡¿ Oscar is a student from Yangzhou University, visiting his friends who share the same interest in music. They are planning to find someplace to enjoy rock and roll and pop songs.
___¡¾Ð¡Ìâ4¡¿ Charles works in Philips Company, Shanghai Branch. He is going to Beijing on business in middle September. He will be free in the evening, so he wants to go to someplace to enjoy some music performed by foreign bands.
____¡¾Ð¡Ìâ5¡¿ Carol studies Chinese in Beijing. She is free recently during the day time, so she would like to find someplace where she can attend some kind of activity so that she can learn some details about Chinese modern literature.

A£®Capital Theatre: To celebrate its 50th anniversary, the China Acrobatic Troupe will present ¡°The Soul of China¡±, where the seemingly impossible is made real. Chills (º®Õ½) will run down your spine (¼¹Öù) as you watch breathlessly as performers take their art and their bodies to the edge. Time: 7:30 p.m., September 13 ¡ª 19.
B£®Huangshicheng Gallery: A group ink pain ting exhibition is running. About 50 works by 25 young artists including Ge Yun and Yu Yang are on display.
Time:9 a.m.¡ª 5 p.m. until September 10.
C£®The Wangfung Art Gallery: A joint show of oil paintings by 10 young and middle-aged artists will be hosted by the gallery. On display are more than 30 of their latest works, which capture the wonderous variety of life in unique styles.
Time: 9 :30 a.m. ¡ª 4:30 p.m., daily.
D£®Anyuan Museum: The National Museum of Modern Chinese Literature offers an indepth study of the development of Chinese contemporary literature from 1919 to 1949.
Time: 9 a.m. ¡ª 4 p.m., daily.
E. The Olympic Center: "The Fashionow Night of Chinese Rock" is set to bring back fans out by the thousands next month. Nine Chinese rock bands will perform at the concert, including older generation bands, middle generation bands, middle generation and some recent arrivals.
Time: September 16.
F. Grand Theater of the Cultural Palace of Nationalities: La Petite Band, the Baroque Orchestra of Belgium, will perform as part of activities across the world to commemorate (¼ÍÄî) the 250th anniversary of Bach¡¯s death. 
Time: 7:30 p.m. September 11 ¡ª 14.

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Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager.   
¡°I would never have said to my mom,¡¯ Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?¡¯¡± says Ballmer. ¡°There was just a complete gap in taste.¡±  
Music was not the only gulf(·ÖÆç). From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.   
Today, the generation gap has not disappeared, but it is getting narrow in many families. Conversations on subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago. Now they are comfortable and common. And parent-child activities, from shopping to sports, involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue into adulthood.
No wonder greeting cards today carry the message, ¡°To my mother, my best friends.¡±   
But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents.   
¡°There¡¯s still a lot of strictness and authority on the part of parents out there, but there is a change happening,¡± says Kerrie, a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College. ¡°In the middle of that change, there is a lot of confusion among parents.¡±   
Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving(ÑÝ»¯µÄ) roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have a say.   
¡°My parents were on the ¡®before¡¯ side of that change, but today¡¯s parents, the 40-year-olds,were on the ¡®after¡¯ side,¡± explains Mr. Ballmer. ¡°It¡¯s not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now.¡±

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¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖÐÓ¢Óï À´Ô´£º2012-2013ѧÄêÕã½­Ê¡ºþÖÝÊÐÄÏä±ÖÐѧ¸ßÒ»ÉÏѧÆÚÆÚÖп¼ÊÔÓ¢ÓïÊÔ¾í£¨´ø½âÎö£© ÌâÐÍ£ºÌî¿ÕÌâ

The people below are all looking for someplace to visit in Beijing. Read the following descriptions and help them make proper choices.
¡¾Ð¡Ìâ1¡¿______. Stephen studies art in Beijing University. He shows great interest in paintings and he is especially interested in those oil paintings that reflect the variety of life.
¡¾Ð¡Ìâ2¡¿______. Mark has just come to China and he is very interested in Chinese culture. He has been waiting for a long time to have a chance to see a wonderful Chinese acrobatic £¨ÔÓ¼¼µÄ£©performance in China.
¡¾Ð¡Ìâ3¡¿______. Oscar is a student from Yangzhou University, visiting his friends who share the same interest in music. They are planning to find someplace to enjoy rock and roll and pop songs.
¡¾Ð¡Ìâ4¡¿______. Carol studies Chinese in Beijing. She is free recently during the day time, so she would like to find someplace where she can attend some kind of activity so that she can learn some details about Chinese modern literature.

A£®Capital Theatre:
To celebrate its 50th anniversary, the China Acrobatic Troupe will present ¡°The Soul of China¡±, where the seemingly impossible is made real. Chills (º®Õ½ ) will run down your spine (¼¹Öù ) as you watch breathlessly as performers take their art and the bodies to the edge. Time: 7:30 p.m., September 13-19.
B£®The Wangfung Art Gallery:
A joint show of oil paintings by 10 young and middle-aged artists will be hosted by the gallery. On display are more than 30 of their latest works, which capture the variety of life in unique (¶ÀÌصÄ) styles.
C£®Huangshicheng Gallery:
A group ink painting exhibition is running. About 50 works by 25 young artists including Ge Yun and Yu Yang are on display. Time:9 a.m.¡ª5p.m. until September 10.
D£®Anyuan Museum:
The National Museum of Modern Chinese Literature offers an indepth study of the evolution of Chinese contemporary literature from 1919 to 1949. Time: 9a.m.---4p.m., daily.
E. The Olympic Center:
¡°The Fashionow Night of Chinese Rock¡± is set to bring back fans out by the thousands next month. Nine Chinese rock bands will perform at the concert, including older generation bands, middle generation bands, middle generation and some recent arrivals. The audience will be given a chance to decide what songs they want to hear, which is sure to bring a storm. Time: September 16.

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Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager.

¡°I would never have said to my mom, ¡®Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?¡¯¡± says Ballmer. ¡°There was just a complete gap in taste.¡±

Music was not the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits.

Today, the generation gap has not disappeared, but it is getting narrow in many families. Conversations on subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago. Now they are comfortable and common. And parent-child activities, from shopping to sports, involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue int0 adulthood.

No wonder greeting cards today carry the message, ¡°To my mother, my best friend.¡±

But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents. ¡°There¡¯s still a lot of strictness and authority on the part of parents out there, but there is a change happening,¡± says Kerrie, a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College. ¡°In the middle of that change, there is a lot of confusion among parents.¡±

Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have a say.

¡°My parents were on the ¡®before¡¯ side of that change, but today¡¯s parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the ¡®after¡¯ side,¡± explains Mr. Ballmer. ¡°It¡¯s not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now.¡±

41. The underlined word gulf in Para.3 most probably means ___   ______.

A. interest         B. Distance        C. Difference         D. separation

42. Which of the following shows that the generation gap is disappearing?

A. Parents help their children develop interests in more activities.

B. Parents put more trust in their children¡¯s abilities.

C. Parents and children talk more about sex and drugs.

D. Parents share more interests with their children.

43. The change in today¡¯s parent-child relationship is ____   _____.

A. more confusion among parents

B. new equality between parents and children

C.1ess respect for parents from children

D. more strictness and authority on the part of parents

44. By saying ¡°today¡¯s parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the ¡®after¡¯ side.¡± the author means that today¡¯s parents ___   _____   ____   _  _  ___.

A. follow the trend of the change  

B. can set a limit to the change

C. fail to take the change seriously 

D. have little difficulty adjusting to the change

45. The purpose of the passage is to ____   ___   _____   ____.

A. describe the difficulties today¡¯s parents have met with

B. discuss the development of the parent-child relationship

C. suggest the ways to handle the parent-child relationship

D. compare today¡¯s parent-child relationship with that in the past

 

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A£®Piotrek Kowalski, 18, from Italy. Looking for a pen friend who is interested in discussing the current (µ±Ç°µÄ) political situation in the world. Like jazz and playing tennis in my free time.

B. Olga, 32 years old, historian, from Warsaw, Poland. Looking for a pen friend to exchange views on the political problems in East European countries after the Second World War.

C. Jack, 27, from London. My favorite pastime (ÏûDz) is learning foreign languages. I go to evening language classes and use my computer to improve my language learning by visiting Internet sites.

D. Elle, 35 years old, from Paris. I like learning languages, but do not like using modern technology. Need a pen friend who also enjoys learning languages in a traditional way.

E. Petro, 42, businessman, from Argentina. Trying to get a pen friend with the same profession(Ö°Òµ) and lives in North America. Married, with three children and like surfing the Internet.

F. Kim Lee, 18, high school student in Seoul, South Korea. I love traveling and hope to visit Great Britain in the future. I would like a friend about the same age to get some information about the differences between life in Europe and that in Asia.

 

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1.Mary, 21, a university student on history, comes from Scotland and would like to find a pen friend who comes from East Europe. She is interested in the things of the past in those countries.

2.Helga, 33, comes from Germany and speaks French, English and Russian. She prefers a pen friend who is also fond of exchanging ideas about language learning by writing letters and she firmly believes that language learning can only happen in a classroom.

3.Alessandro, 25, comes from Rome. He is interested in finding a pen friend who speaks English and can exchange ideas on using the computer for learning purpose.

4.Bob, 17, a middle school student in Liverpool, is interested in making a pen friend. He once visited China with his parents when he was a child and then fell in love with Asian culture. He would like a friend of the same or nearly the same age.

5.Jim, 35, has a company in Boston. His hobby is surfing the Internet in his spare time and looking for any useful information for him, whether at home or abroad.

 

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