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7.FIVE Americans swept the three Nobel Prizes in Physics,Chemistry,Physiology (生理学) or Medicine last week.It was the first American sweep of the Nobel science prizes since 1983.
It's rare for Americans not to receive any of the science prizes,especially in recent years.In 2004,seven Americans were among the 10laureates (获奖者) for the science prizes.Last year,the figure was five out of 10.
The huge sums of money invested in scientific research is one factor that has helped many Americans to win awards.Another reason is the vast number of researchers working in the US.American universities also often have a more"creative university environment"where people can focus on research for a long period without any pressure,said Anders Liljas,member of the Nobel Committee.

New hope for AIDS patients?
AMERICAN scientists Craig Mello (top) of the University of Massachusetts Medical School and Andrew Fire (above) of Stanford University School of Medicine won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine last Monday.Their discovery is a process that researchers hope to use to silence disease-causing genes (基因).It offers new ways for disease treatment.
Scientists now hope to develop a new technique that could be used to treat diseases,such as cancers,AIDS and Parkinson's disease.

Like father,like son?
AS the son of a Nobel Prize winning professor,Roger D.Kornberg (left) had a lot to live up to.But,nearly half a century after his father,won his award,Kornberg,59,a Stanford University professor,won his own last Wednesday:The Nobel Prize in Chemistry.His research into how cells read their genes is very important.It could help lead to the development of new drugs to fight cancer (癌症),heart disease and other illnesses,experts said.
First light of the universe
TWO Americans won the Nobel Prize in Physics last Tuesday for measuring the oldest light in the heavens.It is considered as"one of the greatest discoveries of the century".It convinced (使确信) scientists that the Big Bang theory (大爆炸理论) of the universe's origin is correct.George F.Smoot (top),61,of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley,and John C.Mather (above),60,of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre,will share the US1.4millionprizefortheirwork.Beginningin1989,theymeasuredweaklightthatoriginated(源于)asearlyas380,000 years after the Big Bang.

48.What does the underlined word"swept"in Paragraph 1 meanD?
A.cleaned by brushing  B.crossed completely  C.spread quickly  D.took each of the winning
49.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passageB?
A.Craig Melloand Andrew Fire have found the way to cure cancers,AIDSandParkinson's disease.
B.RogerD.Kornberg's father once won a NobelPrize. 
C.GeorgeF.Smootwill get US 1.4million prize for his work.
D.Roger D.Kornberg is the youngest of the Nobel Prize owners of this time.
50.The passage is probably taken fromB.
A.a science report                 B.a news report
C.a history lecture                 D.an advertisement.

分析 本文是一篇新闻报告,主要讲述了获得诺贝尔科学奖的五位美国科学家.他们分别是:获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的 Craig Mello--他发现可以用沉默致病基因治疗疾病;获得诺贝尔化学奖的Roger D.Kornberg--他研究了细胞是如何读取基因,以及他的父亲和获得诺贝尔物理学奖的George F.Smoot 和 John C.Mather--他们测量了天空中最古老的光,使科学家们确信大爆炸理论是正确的.

解答 48.D   词义猜测题.根据第二段In 2004,seven Americans were among the 10 laureates (获奖者) for the science prizes.Last year,the figure was five out of 10.可知美国科学家占了诺贝尔科学奖相当多的人数.故文章使用"swept横扫"一词,即各个奖项都有美国科学家获取了,故选D.
49.B   推理判断题.根据倒数第三段As the son of a Nobel Prize winning professor,Roger D.Kornberg (left) had a lot to live up to.But,nearly half a century after his father,won his award,可知作为诺贝尔奖获得者的儿子Roger D.Kornberg也不负众望,获得自己的奖项.说明Roger D.Kornberg的父亲也获得过诺贝尔奖,故选B.
50.B   推理判断题.根据本文介绍了有五位美国科学家获得诺贝尔科学奖.A"科学报告"、C"历史讲座"、D"广告"三项可排除.故本文应为一篇新闻报告,故选B.

点评 本文考察学生的理解推断能力,抓住文章的关键词,采用寻读的方法查找细节,能根据已知的结果推测导致结果的可能原因.

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