阅读理解
As you are students of English, it's very possible that you'll be interested in England. That's where the language was first spoken. But England is often called by other names. This often confuses people and I wonder if you know what these names mean. So, now I would like to tell you about this matter of names. I believe that you have heard people use the names--England, Britain or Great Britain. Let's see what each of these names means.
If you look at a map of Europe, you'll see a group of islands--one larger island off the northwest coast, one smaller and many tiny ones. These make up what is called the British Isles. The largest island of the British Isles is Britain. It is also called Great Britain. The smaller island is Ireland.
Britain is divided into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England. But sometimes the word“England”is used instead of“Britain”.Why so?
In ancient times, what is Britain now used to be three different countries. People in these different countries spoke different language. Over many years the three countries became one. England is the largest and richest of the three and it has the most people. So the English people take it for granted that their own name stands for the whole island.
There's another thing that confuses people: sometimes you may hear people say“the Untied Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. That is the official name of the country. Northern Ireland is only one sixth of the island of Ireland. The rest of the island is an independent state, called the Republic of Ireland. So we have the names of“England”,“Britain”,“Great Britain”, and“the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. Now do you know what each of them means?
(1)English was first spoken in ________.
[ ]
|
A．Britain |
B．England |
|
C．Great Britain |
D．Ireland |
(2)Britain is divided into ________.
[ ]
A．England, Britain, and Wales
B．England, Scotland, and Wales
C．Wales, Scotland, and Great Britain
D．Great Britain, Wales, and Scotland
(3)According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
[ ]
A．Wales is the richest of the three
B．Scotland is the largest of the three
C．Sometimes England is used instead of Britain
D．Britain is the only name of the largest islands of British Isles
(4)The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is ________.
[ ]
A．part of Britain
B．part of British Isles
C．the official name of the whole country
D．the largest country of all mentioned in the passage
(5)Which of the following is an independent country?
[ ]
|
A．Wales |
B．Scotland |
|
C．Northern Ireland |
D．The Republic of Ireland |
心算口算巧算一课一练系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：南通高考密卷·英语 题型：050
阅读理解：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．
Misery and setbacks are not always as terrible as one imagines. Hard times can offer new ways of looking at life that would otherwise never he known. And, if you are a writer, this can be the source of much of your success.
Popular British author, Charles Dickens' (1812－1870) family could hardly make ends meet (入不敷出) .They could only afford to send one of their six children to school.
Dickens was not that child. His parents chose to send a daughter, who had a talent for music, to an academy. Then at the age of 12, Dickens' life took another turn for the worse.
His father, a clerk, was placed in prison for unpaid debts. And, being the oldest male left at home, Dickens . took up work at a factory. His horrible experience there became the fuel for his future writing.
His father was freed three months later and inherited (继承) a small amount of money. Dickens was then sent to school.
From 1836 to 1837, he wrote a monthly series of stories. Thus the Pickwick Papers(《匹克威克外传》) came into being, which brought fame to the 23-year-old man.
Throughout his career, Dickens covers various situations in his novels. He wrote about the miserable lives of the poor in Oliver Twist (《雾都孤儿》), the French Revolution in Tale of Two Cities(《双城记》), and social reform in Hard Times (《艰难时世》). He also wrote David Copperfield (《大卫·科波菲尔》), a book thought to be based on his own life.
“I do not write bitterly or angrily: for I know all these things have worked together to make me what I am,”he once said.
His difficult childhood did shape the person he became, as well as his writing career. There are shades of young Dickens in many of his most beloved characters, including David Copperfield and Oliver Twist. Like the author, all these characters come from poor beginnings and are able to rise above their setbacks and achieve success. “Minds, like bodies, will often fall into an ill-conditioned state from too much comfort,” he once wrote.
On June 9th, 1870, aged 58, Dickens died, leaving one unfinished work. The words on his tombstone read: “He was a sympathizer (同情者) to the poor, the suffering and the oppressed (受压迫者), and by his death, one of England's greatest writers is lost to the world.”
1．The underlined phrase “shades of” in the last paragraph but one means ________.
[ ]
2．How did Dickens see his childhood?
[ ]
A．He felt grateful for it.
B．He felt it a pity that things weren't in his favor.
C．He loved writing about it.
D．He chose to forget the bitterness about it.
3．From the story, we can see Dickens' attitude towards an easy life is ________.
[ ]
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科目：高中英语 来源：南通高考密卷·英语 题型：050
阅读理解：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项．
Elephants don't forget-at least, female elephants don't. Elephant families are matriarchal. And the social knowledge gained by the oldest females is the key to a family group's survival(生存), according to a study published in April by Karen McComb, a biologist at Sussex University in England.
Elephants announce their presence by making a deep, long sound, a practice referred to as contact(联系) calling. An unfamiliar call may mean that an elephant from outside the family group is nearby. A stranger can cause trouble, interrupting feeding or disturbing the young. So an elephant matriarch signals the family to gather around her; then they all lift their trunks in the air to smell the unfamiliar caller. False alarms can disturb the group and take time and energy away from feeding, so survival may depend in part on getting it right.
Working with Cynthia Moss, who founded the Amboseli Elephant Research Project in Kenya 30 years ago, McComb tested the social knowledge of 21 Amboseli elephant families with matriarchs were much better at picking out unfamiliar calls. In fact, a group with a matriarch in her fifties was several thousand times more likely to form into a group upon hearing an unfamiliar contact call than when hearing a familiar call. However, families with younger matriarchs were less than twice as likely to gather together upon hearing an unfamiliar contact call as compared with a familiar call. And they gathered together a lot. Moreover, the social knowledge of older matriarchs translated into favourable results: Families with older matriarchs produced more baby elephants in each female-reproductive year.
This finding shows how difficult it is to protect the oldest members of elephant families. As elephants age, they continue to grow larger, as do their much wanted tusks(象牙). So the older and wiser a matriarch is, the greater the chance she will be killed. About 800,000 elephants have been killed by people in the past 20 years.
1．The underlined word “matriarch” means________.
[ ]
A．an old member of an elephant family
B．a female head of an elephant family
C．a wise elephant
D．a large elephant
2．When do elephants form into a group?
[ ]
A．When they are feeding the young.
B．When they see a familiar elephant.
C．When they are giving birth to baby elephants.
D．When the leading elephant gives out a warning.
3．The research with recordings of contact calls shows ________.
[ ]
A．how fast elephants form into groups
B．how important the age of a leading elephant is
C．how frightened elephants are when hearing a strange call
D．how frequently old elephants call other members of the family
4．The older a female elephant is, ________.
[ ]
A．the stronger she will be
B．the poorer memory she will have
C．the more useless her tusk will be
D．the more likely she will be killed
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科目：高中英语 来源：浙江华维外国语学校2007届高三英语能力训练(六) 题型：050
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科目：高中英语 来源：湖北省襄阳五中2012届高三上学期期中考试英语试题 题型：050
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