9．In recent years in America，the mandatory sentencing（强制判刑） movement has really changed the US prison size．The mandatory sentencing movement typically stated the minimum number of prison years for certain crimes people committed．It swept the United States in the 1970s，driving the state prison population up from less than 200，000to about 1.4million today and made prisoning budgets the second-fastest-growing state expense，only second to Medic-aid．But the current sentencing reforms in a growing number of states are starting to reverse that trend-causing the prison population to decline by about 3.8percent since 2009．
Central to the state reforms is a relatively new and more complicated way of information analysis about the law-breaker-including criminal history，drug abuse（滥用） and instances of anti-social behavior-to assess the likelihood of that individual's committing a new crime．And by examining data，the states can revise policies to discourage them from going back to prison．
Many states have found that many people go back to prison not for committing new crimes but for technical mild violations（违反），like failing drug tests or abnormal behaviors due to mental problems．With that knowledge，these states have moved to less costly and more effective actions to replace jail stay．Today，they tend more to send these people for community service．
Some states are also jumping at what is known as the"justice reinvestment"approach，under which they channel significant sums of money into the existing programs on drug treatment and mental health，two main issues behind crimes for many law-breakers．
Despite the advantages of a risk-assessment approach，some states are still flying blind mainly because they don't have the resources to gather data．Moreover，a study has noted，handling high-risk and low-risk criminals in the same way is a big mistake，as"low risk individuals have an increased likelihood of committing crimes again when they receive treatment or services in the same programs as medium-and high-risk individuals．"
（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS．）
70．The mandatory sentencing movement had greatly increased prison population throughstating a minimum number of prison years for certain crimes．
71．What is the essential content of today's sentencing reforms？Anew and more complicated way of criminal information analysis．
72．What is many states'softer punishment for minor offences？Community service．
73．Risk-assessment method is not adopted by all the states primarily because oflack of resources．
分析 文章讲述了在美国采取新的强制判刑的制度给美国带来的变化．
解答 70．stating a minimum number of prison years for certain crimes
细节题．根据第二句话The mandatory sentencing movement typically stated the minimum number of prison years for certain crimes people committed．可知，美国的强制判刑运动增加了入狱人口的数量．
71．A new and more complicated way of criminal information analysis．
细节题．根据第二段开头Central to the state reforms is a relatively new and more complicated way of information analysis about the law-breaker-including criminal history可知，现今的改革是相对新的，更为复杂的方法来分析那些触犯法律的人，包括罪犯的历史．
72．Community service．细节题．根据文章they tend more to send these people for community service．
这句话可知，对于那些轻微的触犯者通常送去进行社区服务．
73．lack of resources 细节题．在最后一段里提到Despite the advantages of a risk-assessment approach，some states are still flying blind mainly because they don't have the resources to gather data．美国很多州没有采取Risk-assessment 方法，主要是缺少资源来收集数据．
点评 做阅读表达题时，理清文章的脉络、掌握文章的主旨大意，并能运用简洁的语言表达．回答要有针对性观点要明确．不要摘抄文章原句．
