1.They baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert(警觉).Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another,this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other,her gaze(凝视)starts to lose its focus-until a third,with three black spots,is presented.Her gaze returns:she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three,just 24hours after coming into the world?
Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer?The same experiment,but with three spots shown before two,shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness?When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb,a key,an orange and so on),changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make,as opposed to three?No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three,or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.
60.The experiment described in Paragraph 1is related to the baby'sB.
A.sense of hearingB.sense of sightC.sense of touchD.sense of smell
61.Babies are sensitive to the change inD.
A.the size of cardsB.the colour of pictures
C.the shape of patternsD.the number of objects
62.Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?C.
A.To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.B.To see how babies recognize sounds.
C.To carry their experiment further.D.To keep the babies'interest.
63.Where does this text probably come from?D.
A.Science fiction.B.Children's literature.C.An advertisement.D.A science report.
分析 本文是一篇说明文.文章对刚出生一天的婴儿做实验,通过变化纸上的黑点及鼓的敲打次数对婴儿的视觉、听觉进行的一个实验.主要介绍了研究人员通过一些卡片黑点的数量来检验婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度,发现当数量相对多的时候,比较容易引起婴儿的注意,使他们变得更加兴奋.
解答 60.B 细节理解题.根据第一段中的"She stares at it carefully.""婴儿认真地盯着看"可知,研究人员研究的是孩子的视觉.
61.D 细节理解题.根据第一段中的"As the cards change from one to the other,her gaze(凝视)starts to lose its focus-until a third,with three black spots,is presented.Her gaze returns…"可知,随着卡片上黑点数量的变化,婴儿的注视也发生变化,表明了婴儿对于数量的变化比较敏感.
62.C 细节理解题.第二段中研究人员先是通过卡片上的黑点来测验婴儿对于数量的变化的敏感程度;根据第二段中的"The effect even crosses between senses…three drumbeats than when they heard just two;likewise(同样地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots."可知,研究人员又做了击鼓的实验,这样做的目的是更加深入地研究婴儿对于数量变化的敏感程度,故选C.
63.D 文章出处题.本文提到了"experiment和researchers等"可知,是一些研究人员做了一个实验,来检验婴儿们对于数量的变化是不是敏感,所以本文属于一个科学研究报告,故选D.
点评 解答细节理解题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案;推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点.