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8.A recent study has found that the risk of dementia(痴呆) can increase if people live near a main road.According to the research,waste gas and noise from a busy road lead to one in ten dementia deaths of the 6.6 million patients investigated.
Air pollution is already known to contribute to the deaths of around 40,000 people in Britain each year by worsening breathing and heart conditions,while previous research showed emissions (排放物) can cause brain shrinkage.But the new study by Canadian public health scientists is the first to find a link between living close to heavy traffic and the increasing of dementia,a discovery described as"believable"and"impressive"by British experts.
Dr Hong Chen said."Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia.Population growth and urbanization has placed many people close to heavy traffic,and with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia,even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden.More research to understanding this link is needed,particularly into the effects of different aspects of traffic,such as air pollutants and noise."
In the new study,the team tracked all adults aged between 20 and 85 living in Ontario for more than a decade from 2001 to 2012.They used postcodes to determine how close people lived to a main road and analyzed medical records to see if they went on to develop dementia,Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化).
While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis,
dementia risk reduced as people lived further from a main road,with a 7 percent higher risk in developing dementia among those living within 50 metres; a 4percent higher risk at 50-100 metres and a 2 percent higher risk at 101-200 metres.After 200 metres there was no increase.Researchers believe that noise of traffic may also play a role in the raised risk as well as other urban pollution,which is often present near busy roads.

28.What can we know about Canadian's new study?C
A.British experts think highly of it.
B.It brings benefits to dementia patients.
C.It shows that air production is very serious.
D.It shows that air pollution can cause brain shrinkage.
29.What Dr Hong Chen said showed thatD.
A.people are diagnosed with dementia mainly due to air pollution
B.widespread exposure to traffic will reduce the risk of having dementia
C.the link between living near roads and having dementia was not obvious
D.busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that caused dementia to increase
30.What does the underlined the word‘correlation'mean?B
A.Change.
B.Improvement.
C.Affection.
D.Secret
31.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A
A.Living near a main road adds to the risk of noise.
B.Living beyond 300metres of a main road is safe for people.
C.Living within 200metres of a main road has a lower risk of having dementia.
D.The further people live away from heavy traffic,the smaller the risk of having dementia.

分析 文章主要讲了城市的交通噪音引发了很多疾病.

解答 28.C 细节理解题.根据文章内容Air pollution is already known to contribute to the deaths of around 40,000 people in Britain each year by worsening breathing and heart conditions,据了解,空气污染每年导致英国约40000人死亡,原因是呼吸和心脏状况恶化.故选C.
29.D 细节理解题.根据文章内容."Our study suggests that busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia.Population growth and urbanization has placed many people close to heavy traffic,and with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia,even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a large public health burden.More research to understanding this link is needed,particularly into the effects of different aspects of traffic,such as air pollutants and noise."我们的研究表明,繁忙的道路可能是导致老年痴呆症发病的环境压力源."人口增长和城市化使许多人接近繁忙的交通,并广泛接触交通拥挤和痴呆率的增长,即使是近距离道路暴露的轻微影响也会造成很大的公共卫生负担,需要更多的研究来了解这一联系,特别是交通的不同方面,如空气污染物和噪音的影响."故选D.
30.B 词义猜测题.根据文章内容While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis,虽然住在公路附近和帕金森氏病或多发性硬化症没有相关性,但通过后文得知也做出了一定的改变.故该词在文章中的含义为改进.故选B.
31.A 细节理解题.根据文章内容Researchers believe that noise of traffic may also play a role in the raised risk as well as other urban pollution,which is often present near busy roads.研究人员认为,交通噪音也可能对增加的风险以及其他城市污染造成影响,而城市污染往往是在繁忙的道路上出现的.故选A.

点评 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.

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Let us now have a culture of peace.
--Federico Mayor Zaragoza,Spain
Federico Mayor Zaragoza obtained a doctorate in pharmacy(药学)from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1958.After many years spent in politics,he became Director-General of UNESCO in 1987.In 1999,he created the Foundation for a culture of Peace,of which he is now the president.In addition to many scientific publications,he has published four collections of poems and several books of essays.
Writing is a discovery.
--Nadine Gordimer,South Africa
Due to a weak heart,Nadine Gordimer attended school and university briefly.She read widely and began writing at an early age.She published her first short story at the age of fifteen,and has completed a large number of works,which have been translated into forty languages.In 1991,Gordimer won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
Jazz is about the only form of art today.
--Dave Brubeck,USA
Dave Brubeck studied music at the University of the Pacific and graduated in 1942.After World War Two he was encouraged to play jazz.In 1951,he recorded his first album(专辑).Brubeck's 1959 album has become a jazz standard.He received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996.
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21.Why did Andrew Zuckerman choose the fifty elders for his project?A
A.Because their wisdom deserves to be passed on.
B.Because they are physically impressive.
C.Because their accomplishments inspired him.
D.Because they have similar experiences.
22.According to the web page,Federico Mayor ZaragozaB.
A.has won many awards for his work in politics              
B.has made achievements in different areas
C.has devoted all his life to the field of science                 
D.has served as the president of a university
23.Who most probably said"My education has been the library and books"in the interview when reflecting on his/her experience?A
A.Nadine Gordimer.
B.Federico Mayor Zaragoza.
C.Andrew Zuckerman.
D.Dave Brubeck.
24.What is the main purpose of this web page'?B
A.To show Zuckerman's awards.
B.To publicize Zuckerman's project.
C.To celebrate the achievements of the three people.
D.To spread the wisdom of the three people.

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18.意识到老龄化问题带来的破坏性后果,当地政府鼓励年轻夫妇们生育二胎,这给奶粉市场带来了生机.(which)Realizing the damaging consequences caused by the aging problem,the local authorities encourage young couple to have a second baby,which brings energy to the powder market..

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