Question

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.
This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 t0 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.
Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of  adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)
小题1:"This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from         
小题2:Besides changes in the workplace,             are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.
小题3:When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?
小题4:How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?

Answer 1

小题1:younger children and adults
小题2:school reform efforts and the changes in population
小题3:In early adolescence
小题4:They have less close supervision of parents. /They manage to escape adult supervision./They are increasingly autonomous

小题1:根据Changes in the workplace separated children from adults 和which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children 可推断应填younger children and adults。
【考点定位】考查阅读理解能力及书面表达能力
小题2:根据School reform efforts during the nineteenth century 和the changes in population are considered a factor可推断应填 school reform efforts and the changes in population。
【考点定位】考查阅读理解能力及书面表达能力
小题3:根据This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence 可推断应填In early adolescence。
【考点定位】考查阅读理解能力及书面表达能力
小题4:根据adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision 可推断应填They have less close supervision of parents. /They manage to escape adult supervision./They are increasingly autonomous。
【考点定位】考查阅读理解能力及书面表达能力