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    On a cool November afternoon in Fleming Island, Florida, Melissa Hawkinson, 41, was driving her five-year-old twins home from school when she saw a sudden splash in Doctors Lake just ahead. What was that? She thought. As she drove up to the scene, she saw a half-submerged car sinking about 30 yards offshore. “It was going down pretty quickly,” Hawkinson recalls. She stopped the car near the boat ramp and ran toward the water. Water is going to be cold, she thought.
    She took off her vest and leather boots, got into the icy water, and swam to the car, where she found Cameron Dorsey, five, trapped into his car as the swirling water rose around him.
    Hawkinson tried to open the door, but it was locked. So she pushed and pulled hard on the partially open window until she could reach through and unlock the door. She pulled the boy free, swam to shore, and handed him off to onlookers who were only watching them on a dock. The driver, the boy’s suicidal father, swam back to land on his own. Afterward, Hawkinson sat on the shore wrapped in a blanket. “For ten or 15 minutes, I couldn’t stop shaking,” she said.
    There’s nothing visibly extraordinary about Melissa Hawkinson, an energetic stay-at-home mom with brown hair and a sweet smile. Yet something made her different from the dockside onlookers that day. Why do some people act quickly, willing to take a risk for a stranger? What makes them run toward danger rather than away from it? Hawkinson, the Granite Mountain Hotshots (能手，高手)---19 of whom lost their life this past summer in Arizona--- every hero who puts his or her life on the line to save another: what makes them brave?
    Moreover, can bravery be learned, or is it a quality with which you are born? The answer is complex. Bravery taps the mind, brain and heart. It comes from instinct, training and sympathy. Today, neurologists, psychologists and other researchers are studying bravery, trying to uncover the mystery.
    小题1:It can be learned from the passage that _______.
    A．Melissa Hawkinson was a 41-year-old nurse
    B．it was spring when the accident happened
    C．Melissa Hawkinson was picking up her five-year-old son
    D．Melissa Hawkinson was kind and courageous.
    小题2:What conclusion can we draw from the third paragraph?
    A．Not everyone was ready to risk saving the five-year-old boy..
    B．The father committed suicide because of the divorce.
    C．The father was saved in the end by Melissa Hawkinson.
    D．No one else was available except Melissa Hawkinson.
    小题3:How does the writer find other people on the dockside?
    A．Warm and ready to helpB．Thoughtful
    C．Kind of cold-bloodedD．Not skillful at swimming
    小题4:What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
    A．To set us thinking what makes people brave.
    B．To call on us to learn from such people as Hawkinson.
    C．To remind people of risk while saving others.
    D．To show people bravery can be learned.

    小题1:D
    小题2:A
    小题3:C
    小题4:A

    试题分析：文章通过讲述Melissa Hawkinson 冒生命危险在冰冷的水中救出被困在汽车里面的孩子，而很多人只是在一旁观看，由此作者引发感想，是什么让一些人这么勇敢？
    小题1:推理题：从文章的内容：可知Melissa Hawkinson 冒生命危险在冰冷的水中救出被困在汽车里面的孩子，说明她是很善良也很有勇气，选D
    小题2:推理题：从第三段的句子：She pulled the boy free, swam to shore, and handed him off to onlookers who were only watching them on a dock.可知不是每个人都准备救这个五岁的孩子的，选A
    小题3:推理题：从文章第四段的句子：Yet something made her different from the dockside onlookers that day. Melissa Hawkinson.的勇敢和岸边的人形成对比，可知作者认为在岸边围观的人有点冷血，选C
    小题4:写作意图题：从文章倒数第二段的句子：what makes them brave?和最后一段的内容：可知作者的目的是让我们思考是什么让人们勇敢。选A
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    Sometimes people call each other "freaked-cat", but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its bloodstream．Although the cat doesn't realize this, its body is getting ready for action．If the danger continues, the animal will do one of two things．It will defend itself, or it will run away as fast as it can．
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