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14.Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)-that is,they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.(11)D  Commonly called nonprofits,these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.(12)C
Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning,direction,and control of the operations of a business.(13)E  One is the establishment(制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment,materials and supplies; and accounting.(14)G  The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.(15)A
A.Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
B.In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
C.Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.
D.However,some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
E.Planning in business management has three main aspects.
F.In the theory of business management,organization has two main aspects.
G.The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.

分析 本文主要介绍了一些公司只挣足够的钱来满足基本的经营费用,通常被称为非营利组织,这些组织主要是非政府服务提供者来运作.而商业管理是一个术语,是用来描述业务的计划、指导和控制的技术.

解答 11-15DCEGA
11.D联系下文题.根据后文Commonly called nonprofits,these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers可知:被普遍认为是非营利组织.所以,上文应该与其内容一致.D项:然而,一些公司只挣足够的钱来满足基本的经营费用.这说明它们不赚钱.这与后文内容相符.此处however也是关键词,其前讲得是盈利活动,其后是非盈利公司活动.故选D.
12.C承上启下题.前文提到非盈利公司,下文举例说明哪些是非盈利组织.C项:Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.非营利组织的例子包括社会服务机构和某些医院等组织.符合上下文.故选C.
13.E结构分析题.第二段的第一句是总述,接下来从三方面进行分述the techniques of planning(科技规划),direction(方向),and control of the operations of a business(控制业务的运作).按顺序先说planning.故选E.
14.G细节理解题.根据上文Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning,direction,and control of the operations of a business.可知"经营管理计划有三个方面".这里谈得是第二方面.下文是The third…(第三方面).故选G.
15.A联系上文题.根据前文可知三个方面讲了两个方面了,接下来是第三个方面.即control of the operations of a business.故选A.

点评 完成七选五阅读时,我们可以从关联词上查找答案.由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡,使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯,因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索.在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来.

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