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    Science has told us so much about the moon that it is fairly easy to imagine what it would be like to get there. It is certainly not a friendly place. Since there is no air or water, there can be no life of any kind. There is not much variety of scenery cither. For mile after mile there are only flat plains of dust with mountains around them. Above, the sun and stars shine in the black sky. If you step out of the mountain shadow, it means moving from the severe cold into intense(强烈的)heat. These extreme temperatures continually break rocks away from the surface of the mountains. The moon is also a very silent world, for sound waves can only travel through air. But beyond the broken horizon, you see a friendly sight. Our earth is shining more brightly than the stars. From this distance, it looks like an immense(巨大的)blue, green and brown ball.

    1. Without ______, the moon is a silent world.

    A man       B air        C sound       D water

    2. According to the passage we know that _______.

    A   the earth looks like a coloured ball  

    B   we can enjoy the scenery on the moon

    C   every inch of the moon is very hot

    D the extreme temperature breaks rocks away form the surface of mountains

    3. We can conclude that ＂continually＂means ____.

    A sometimes B always C without break D frequently

    4. The best title for passage is ＂________＂.

    A An Unfriendly and Friendly Place   B The Geography of the Moon

    C Moon, a Silent World                D The Moon

    1.B  2.A  3.C  4.D

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    科目：高中英语 来源：浙江省萧山中学2012届高三上学期摸底考试英语试题 题型：050

    阅读理解

    　　As the human brain evolved, humans were able to laugh before they could speak, according to a new study．But here’s the punch line：Laughter and joy are not unique to humans, the study says．Ancestral forms of play and laughter existed in other animals long before humans began laughing．

    　　“Human laughter has its roots in our animation past,” said Jaak Panksepp, a professor of psychobiology at Bowling Green State University in Ohio．Panksepp has studied rats and found that when they “play,” they often chirp(唧唧叫)－an early－stage form of laughter, according to the scientist．In an article to be published tomorrow in the journal Science, he makes the argument that animal laughter is the basis for human joy．

    　　In studying laughter, scientists have focused mostly on related issues－humor, personality, health benefits, social theory－rather than laughter itself．New research, however, shows that “circuits”(电路)for laughter exist in very ancient regions of the human brain．As humans have included language into play, we may have developed new connections to joyous parts of our brains that evolved before the cerebral cortex(大脑皮层), the outer layer associated with thought and memory．

    　　There is plenty of evidence that many other mammals make play sounds, which are like human laughter．Indeed, animals are capable of many emotional feelings, just like humans, some scientists say．"The recognition by neuroscientists(神经系统科学家)that the brain systems for pain, pleasure, and fear are the same in humans and other mammals underline our similarity to other species and is extremely important," said Tecumseh Fitch, a psychology lecturer at the University of St．Andrews in Scotland．In a 2003 study Panksepp and Bowling Green State University neurobiologist Jeff Burgdorf showed that if rats are tickled(呵痒)in a playful way, they readily chirp．Rats that were tickled developed a relationship with the researchers and became rapidly conditioned to seek tickles．Understanding the chirping of the rats may help scientists better understand human laughter．

    　　Robert Provine, a psychology professor at the University of Maryland in Baltimore, agrees there is an evolutionary continuity of laughter．"Its origin is in tickling play," he says．Provine has studied chimpanzees and found a link between their laughter - like noises and human laughter．"Laughter is actually the sound of play, with the original’ pant – pant’(喘气)- the heavy breathing of physical play - becoming the human ‘ha - ha,’” Provine said．By studying the shift from the panting of chimps to the human ha - ha, he discovered that breath control is the key to the appearance of both human laughter and speech．

    (1)

    The 2003 study about rats being tickled are mentioned in paragraph 4 in order to show that ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    rats are such smart aromas that they can laugh like humans

    B．

    animals have emotional feelings as human beings do

    C．

    animals' emotional feelings are now widely recognized

    D．

    tickling animals can help animals develop the ability of laughter

    (2)

    According to the text, what is the most special about Jaak Panksepp's research?

    [　　]

    A．

    It focuses on animals' influence on human laughter．

    B．

    People's personalities are involved in the research．

    C．

    The research studies human brain as well．

    D．

    The research deals with laughter itself．

    (3)

    We can infer from the above text that ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    Tecumseh Fitch and Robert Provine disagree with each other on laughter

    B．

    rats’ chirping and chimp’s panting are basically the same

    C．

    most animals are able to laugh but need to be trained first

    D．

    human beings have now fully understood animals’ behaviors

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    科目：高中英语 来源：2011年福建省莆田市毕业班适应性练习英语试题 题型：阅读理解

    My first most vivid and broad impression of the identity of things seems to me to have been gained on a memorable raw afternoon towards evening near my parents’ tomb in the churchyard.

        “Hold your noise!” came a terrible voice, as a man started up from among the tombs at the side of the church. “Keep still, you little devil(小鬼), or I’ll cut your throat!”

         A fearful man, all in coarse grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man with no hat, and with broken shoes, and with an old rag tied round his head. He seized me by the chin(下巴).

        “Tell us your name!” said the man. “Quick!”

        “Pip, sir.”

        “Show us where you live,” said the man. “Point out the place!”

        I pointed to where our village lay, on the flat in-shore among the alder-trees and pollards, a mile or more from the church.

        The man, after looking at me for a moment, turned me upside down, and emptied my pockets. There was nothing in them but a piece of bread.

        “You young dog,” said the man, licking his lips, “what fat cheeks you ha’ got. Darn me if I couldn’t eat em, and if I han’t half a mind to’t!”

    I earnestly expressed my hope that he wouldn’t, and held tighter to the tombstone on which he had put me; partly, to keep myself upon it; partly, to keep myself from crying.

    “Now then lookee here!” said the man. “Where’s your mother?”

    “There, sir!” said I.

    He started, made a short run, and stopped and looked over his shoulder.

    “There, sir!” I timidly explained, pointed to the tombstone. “That’s my mother.”

    “Oh!” said he, coming back. “And is that your father alonger your mother?”

    “Yes, sir,” said I; “him too; late of this parish(教区).”

    1. The “voice” in the second paragraph came from______.

    A. the church           B. the man          C. the bank         D. the boy

    2.The boy probably lived  _____.

    A. in the parish        B. in the valley        C. in the city      D. in the country

    3.We can infer from the passage _____.

    A. the boy was very calm and smart

    B. the man hit the boy in the face

    C. the boy would forever remember the raw afternoon

    D. the man was very kind and considerate

    4.The passage is most probably adapted from________.

    A. a news report        B. a science fiction        C. a novel      D. a review

     

     

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    科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解

    2009 is the year of what? Yes, it’s the year of the Ox. But do you know that 2009 is also the year of the telescope? This year the world celebrates the 400th anniversary of Galileo’s observations of the universe through an astronomical telescope (天文望远镜). In 1609, the Italian scientist first pointed a “Dutch perspective glass” at the night sky and made discoveries that changed mankind’s conceptions of the universe.

    In honor of Galileo’s discoveries, the United Nations and the International Astronomical Union have declared 2009 to be the International Year of Astronomy (IYA 2009).

    IYA 2009 is a yearlong celebration of astronomy. Its goal is to spread knowledge of astronomy’s contributions to society and culture and to inspire more interest in astronomy and science, especially among young people. The theme of the celebration is “The Universe, Yours to Discover.”

    One interesting aim of the IYA is to encourage more diversity (多样性) in the field of astronomy and physics. IYA organizers hope that the yearlong celebration of astronomy will inspire more females and underrepresented minorities to pursue (追求) careers in science. An event that will help further that goal is 100 Hours of Astronomy (100 HA) that will fall on April. This event aims to have as many people as possible look through a telescope. From April 2nd to 5th, millions of people worldwide will peer through telescopes to catch their first glimpse (一瞥) of the universe, just as Galileo’s did 400 years ago. Sidewalk astronomy events will give city-dwellers (城市居民) an excellent opportunity to see the moon, the planet Saturn, and other objects in position for early evening observations.

    Organizers hope that the activities of IYA will “promote (促进) a greater appreciation of the astronomy.” So join the fun. Look through a telescope this year!

     

    65. What does the article mainly talk about?

       A. The celebrations in IYA 2009.       

       B. The activities on the 400th anniversary of Galileo.

       C. The event of 100 Hours of Astronomy. 

       D. How to spread knowledge of astronomy.

    66. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

    A. The IYA celebrations will fall on April lasting 100 hours.

    B. IYA 2009 is a yearlong celebration to honor Galileo’s discoveries.

    C. The aim of 100 HA is to spread knowledge of astronomy’s contributions.

    D. People worldwide will have a chance to peer the universe in 100 HA.

    67. What can you infer from the article?

    A. More young people will take science as their career after a series of IYA events.

       B. Minorities and females take no interest in astronomy.

       C. People will have a better knowledge of the contributions of astronomy.

       D. IYA 2009 is the biggest event that takes place in the year of Ox.

    68. What kind of article is it?

      A. A news report.     B. A popular reading.   C. A tourist guide.   D. A science fiction.

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    科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解

     阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

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    请阅读下面的学习者信息，然后匹配符合他们要求的学习课程

    46. John, a fourteen-year-old young boy, is poor at math and physics and has to improve them in order to pass the final exam at school.

    47. Mr. Black Smith, a labor worker on dock who would like to change to some technological job since he is already 43 and a bit too old for hard labor work. He has to work from Monday to Saturday but is free after 5:00 in the afternoon.

    48. Chen Hua, a Chinese middle school student who has just moved to the USA. She will have to finish the course all in English at school there but her English is not good enough.

    49. Tim, a graduated college student who wanted to quit his job and go on his study for M. A. He planned to take the MBA courses and would ha've to improve his math because he majored in Art at college.

    50. Mrs. Tumer, a working mother with two young kids. She thinks education is a race and it's better to prepare kids more and earlier. Her neighbors, several other families share the same opinion and they are all thinking about sending their young kids to some pre-school education program.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：2011年福建省莆田市高中毕业班适应性练习英语试卷 题型：阅读理解

    My first most vivid and broad impression of the identity of things seems to me to have been gained on a memorable raw afternoon towards evening near my parents’ tomb in the churchyard.
    “Hold your noise!” came a terrible voice, as a man started up from among the tombs at the side of the church. “Keep still, you little devil(小鬼), or I’ll cut your throat!”
    A fearful man, all in coarse grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man with no hat, and with broken shoes, and with an old rag tied round his head. He seized me by the chin(下巴).
    “Tell us your name!” said the man. “Quick!”
    “Pip, sir.”
    “Show us where you live,” said the man. “Point out the place!”
    I pointed to where our village lay, on the flat in-shore among the alder-trees and pollards, a mile or more from the church.
    The man, after looking at me for a moment, turned me upside down, and emptied my pockets. There was nothing in them but a piece of bread.
    “You young dog,” said the man, licking his lips, “what fat cheeks you ha’ got. Darn me if I couldn’t eat em, and if I han’t half a mind to’t!”
    I earnestly expressed my hope that he wouldn’t, and held tighter to the tombstone on which he had put me; partly, to keep myself upon it; partly, to keep myself from crying.
    “Now then lookee here!” said the man. “Where’s your mother?”
    “There, sir!” said I.
    He started, made a short run, and stopped and looked over his shoulder.
    “There, sir!” I timidly explained, pointed to the tombstone. “That’s my mother.”
    “Oh!” said he, coming back. “And is that your father alonger your mother?”
    “Yes, sir,” said I; “him too; late of thisparish(教区).”
    【小题1】 The “voice” in the second paragraph came from______.

    A．the churchB．the manC．the bankD．the boy
    【小题2】The boy probably lived  _____.
    A．in the parishB．in the valleyC．in the cityD．in the country
    【小题3】We can infer from the passage _____.
    A．the boy was very calm and smart
    B．the man hit the boy in the face
    C．the boy would forever remember the raw afternoon
    D．the man was very kind and considerate
    【小题4】The passage is most probably adapted from________.
    A．a news reportB．a science fictionC．a novelD．a review

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