阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
It was on January 24, 1848, that James Wilson Marshall discovered gold in the territory of California. The news spread quickly. Thousands rushed west. By 1849, the great gold was in full swing.
Towns and cities sprang up overnight. One year later, California had enough people to be taken into the Union as a state. Throughout the territory, thousands searched for gold. Besides food and blankets, they had picks and pans.
Some found veins of mountain rock thick with gold. These men got rich. Others “panned” for gold in the mountain streams. They were looking for the leftovers. They searched for chunks of gold that the rains had washed down from above.
Panning was the only way to find gold. One put dirt in a pan and added water. Then, the pan was swished around so that the water could wash the dirt. Slowly, the water was poured out of the pan. Each one hoped that the place he claimed (宣称) “panned out well” 
that is, turned up gold.
After the California gold rush the miners turned to farming and ranching (牧业). Some left for the state of Colorado where gold also had been discovered. For many, gold mining did not “pan out”. For a few, it panned out well. But in time, huge machines were built that could wash many tons of dirt at a time. “Panning” died out.
The word, however, remained in the language. Today, Americans still say, “It panned out well,” when something they have done pleases them.
In recent yeas, “pan” has taken on another meaning. Today, it also means to criticize. How it got this meaning is hard to discover. But critics (批评家) are always “panning” some writer, artist or singer.
Sometimes, critics may pan a movie or play so severely that no one will go to see it. This can also happen to a book, if critics pan it strongly enough. There have been times, however, when a play became highly successful, even though most of the critics panned it without mercy. The pans should have made the play a washout. But, as actors have pointed out, sometimes a critic's pan surprisingly turns up gold.
1．The whole passage is mainly about ________.
[ ]
A．different fortunes of the earliest gold miners
B．the gold rush in California
C．the word “pen” and its expressions
D．some expressions created during the gold rush
2．We can know from the article that before the year 1849 ________.
[ ]
A．California was not a state of the Union
B．California had already had a large population
C．there were few towns and cities in California
D．there was not much gold left in California
3．What happened when the huge machine was built for the gold rush?
[ ]
A．The gold rush ended.
B．Many people turned to farming and ranching.
C．People gave up the way of panning in time.
D．It became more difficult to find gold.
4．The author intends to tell us in the last paragraph
[ ]
A．a critic's pan can cause different results to a book, or a play
B．another meaning of the word “pan”
C．a critic's pan can make a book, or a play an unexpected success
D．actors usually welcome a critic's pan
芒果教辅达标测试卷系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：053
阅读理解
In the 1940s, Pinehaven Park was one of Crafton City's loveliest recreation(娱乐)areas. Over 40 acres of woods and fields were open to the public. In the 1950s, part of the park was taken over by Crafton City's garbage. Fifteen acres were to be used for landfill disposal(理置). As time went on, more and more of the park was used for garage disposal and less for recreation. Two years ago, the park was closed to the public for good. Along with household garbage, industrial chemicals had for years been dumped (倾倒)in the Pinehaven landfill. These poisonous chemicals had begun to seep(渗)back up through the soil. All of Pinehaven Park had become dangerously polluted.
Last year, the fish in the Crafton River began to die. After a series of investigations(研究), it became clear that the people of Crafton City were not to blame. 100～150 miles upstream, big paper mills were dumping industrial wastes into the river. Little by little, the level of poison in the river began to rise. Finally, it became so polluted that the fish themselves could no longer survive.
Downtown Crafton used to be a quiet area. Ten years of remarkable growth changed that in a big hurry. But with Crafton City's new prosperity(繁荣)came a new problem: air pollution. And it is a serious problem. Air pollution levels in Crafton are regularly reaching those of the nation's large industrial cities.
(1)Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?
[ ]
A．Chemical dumping is a serious threat to Crafton City's soil.
B．The rapid growth of industry has brought air pollution to Crafton City.
C．The disposal of garbage can destroy recreation areas.
D．Industrial growth and progress have resulted in the pollution of Crafton City's water, air, and soil.
(2)According to the passage, what portion of the park had originally been marked for use as a garbage dump?
[ ]
A．Less than half B．Exactly half
C．About one third D．Most of it
(3)As it is used in the passage, the phrase“for good”means ________.
[ ]
A．practically B．for ever
C．thoroughly D．advantageously
(4)According to the passage, one result of dumping industrial chemicals into the landfill was that ________.
[ ]
A．the land became unsafe for humans
B．the animals on the land died
C．the poisonous chemicals were washed into the nearby river
D．the smoke from the chemicals polluted the air surrounding the landfill
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科目：高中英语 来源：四川省绵阳中学2009－2010学年高一下学期入学考试英语试题 题型：050
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