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    By 2050

    Futurologists（未来学家）predict that life will probably be very different in 2050.

    TV channels（频道）will have disappeared. Instead, people will choose a program from a “menu” and a computer will send the program directly to the television. Today, we can use the World Wide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away. By 2050, music, films, programs, newspapers, and books will come to us by computer.

    Cars will run on new, clean fuels and they will go very fast. Cars will have computers to control the speed and there won’t be any accidents. Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination. Space planes will take people halfway around the world in 2 hours. Today, the United States Space Shuttle can go into space and land on Earth again. By 2050, space planes will fly all over the world and people will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just 2 hours.

    Robots will have replaced people in factories. Many factories already use robots. Big computers prefer robots—they don’t ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a day. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere—in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.

    Medical technology will have conquered many diseases. Today, there are devices（设备）that connect directly to the brain to help people hear. By 2050, we will be able to help blind and deaf people to see and hear again.

    Scientist will have discovered how to control genes（基因）. Scientists have already produced clones（克隆）of animals. By 2050, scientists will be able to produce clones of people, and decide how they look, how they behave and how clever they are. Scientists will be able to do these things, but should they?

    59. According to the passage, the following can be realized today EXCEPT __________.

    A. reading newspapers on a computer  

    B. making a space shuttle go into space and land on Earth again

    C. creating cloned animals

    D. choosing TV programs freely from a “menu”

    60. We can learn from the passage that some big companies prefer robots to human workers, because human workers __________.

       A. can work 24 hours a day                 B. often ask for more pay

       C. are not clever enough                    D. are often late for work

    61. From Paragraph 5 we can infer that __________.

       A. there will be no blind and deaf people by 2050

       B. few diseases will attack people by 2050

       C. devices are connected directly to the brain to help people hear

       D. medical technology will be more effective by 2050

    62. What is the author’s attitude towards the cloning technology?

       A. The author does not support the use of cloning technology.

       B. The author thinks human cloning is impossible.

       C. The author does not really support the idea of human cloning.

       D. The author is quite excited about human cloning.

    DB DC

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    C
    Wind is the movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure. In fact, wind exists because the sun unequally heats the surface of the Earth. As hot air rises, cooler air moves in to fill the gap. As long as the sun shines, the wind will blow. And as long as the wind blows, people will manage it to power their lives.
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    Most wind energy comes from turbines that can be as tall as a 20-story building and have three 200-foot-long (60-meter-long) blades. These devices look like giant airplane propellers(螺桨)on a stick. The wind spins the blades, which turn a shaft connected to a generator.
    The biggest wind turbines generate enough electricity to supply about 600 U.S. homes. Wind farms have tens and sometimes hundreds of these turbines lined up together in particularly windy spots, like along a ridge. Smaller turbines set up in a backyard can produce enough electricity for a single home or small business.
    Wind is a clean source of renewable energy that produces no air or water pollution. And since the wind is free, operational costs are nearly zero once a turbine is erected. Mass production and technology advances are making turbines cheaper, and many governments decrease tax to encourage wind-energy development.
    Some people think wind turbines are ugly and complain about the noise the machines make. The slowly rotating blades(螺旋风片) can also kill birds and bats, but not nearly as many as cars, power lines, and high-rise buildings do. The wind is also changeable: If it's not blowing, there's no electricity generated.
    Nevertheless, the wind energy industry is increasing sharply. Globally, generation more than quadrupled(四倍) between 2000 and 2006. At the end of last year, global capacity was more than 70,000 megawatts. In the energy-hungry United States, a single megawatt is enough electricity to power about 250 homes. Germany has the most installed wind energy capacity, followed by Spain, the United States, India, and Denmark. Development is also fast growing in France and China.
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    C. The USA produces more wind power than any other country in the world.
    D. The noise the turbines make may discourage people from building them.
    64. The underlined word “generator” in the third paragraph probably means_______.
    A. 电动机                 B. 发电机                    C. 机翼                       D. 飞机引擎
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    A. 50.                          B. 150.                         C. 250.                         D. 200.
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    A. it is environmentally friendly                        B. it is free to build and operate
    C. the government supports it                                   D. the energy is clean and renewable

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    科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年内蒙古包头三十三中高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解

    Will life in the future be better, worse or the same as now? Futurologists（未来学家）predict that life will probably be very different in 2050.
    First of all, it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050. A computer will send the program directly to the television. On TV screen appear holograms（全息图）, which are pictures with certain height, width and depth. We will be able to see, smell and touch the things that we see on television.
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    A．We can use a computer to turn off the TV set.
    B．We can talk with the characters appearing on TV.
    C．We can choose whatever we like to see on TV.
    D．We can touch the things we see on TV.
    【小题2】What isn’t mentioned about the future in 2050 in the passage?
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    【小题3】What will be more likely to cause the war in the future?
    A．The lack of water. B．The less farmland.
    C．The shortage of robots.D．The more space planes.
    【小题4】From the passage we can infer that by 2050 ____.
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    B．more and more people needn’t go to school
    C．people will have more time to relax or rest
    D．no patients will be found in the world

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    Futurologists predict that life will probably be very different in 2050.

    TV channels will have disappeared. Instead, people will choose a program from a “menu” and a computer will send the program directly to the television. Today, we can use the World Wide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away. By 2050, music, films, programs, newspapers, and books will come to us by computer.

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    Robots will have replaced people in factories. Many factories already use robots. Big companies prefer robots — they don’t ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a day. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere — in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.

    Medical technology will have conquered many diseases. Today, there are devices（设备）that connect directly to the brain to help people hear. By 2050, we will be able to help blind and deaf people to see and hear again.

    Scientist will have discovered how to control genes（基因）. Scientists have already produced clones of animals. By 2050, scientists will be able to produce clones of people, and decide how they look, how they behave and how clever they are. Scientists will be able to do these things, but should they?

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    A．often ask for more pay

    B．can work 24 hours a day

    C．are not clever enough

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    B．there will be no blind and deaf people by 2050

    C．medical technology will be more effective by 2050

    D．devices are connected directly to the brain to help people hear

    4.What is the author’s attitude towards the cloning technology?

    A．The author does not support the use of cloning technology.

    B．The author thinks human cloning is impossible.

    C．The author does not really support the idea of human cloning.

    D．The author is quite excited about human cloning.

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    A．Read newspapers on a computer.

    B．Make a space shuttle to go into the land.

    C．Use computers to control car speed.

    D．Choose TV programs freely from a “menu”.

     

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       Instead we need a more dynamic explanation, one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used. There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity. It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting. But we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity.

       What is critical is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production.

    1.How do people often measure progress in agriculture?

    A．By its productivity.               

    B．By its impact on the environment.

    C．By its sustainability.               

    D．By its contribution to economic growth.

    2.What does the author think of traditional farming practices?

    　　A．They have remained the same over the centuries.

    　　B．They have not kept pace with population growth.

    　　C．They are not necessarily sustainable.

    　　D．They are environmentally friendly.

    3.What will agriculture be like in the 21st century?

    　　A．It will go through thorough changes.

    　　B．It will supply more animal products.

    　　C．It will abandon traditional farming practices.

    　　D．It will cause zero damage to the environment.

    4.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

    　　A．To remind people of the need of sustainable development.

    　　B．To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production.

    　　C．To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress.

    　　D．To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is.

     

     

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    Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use．This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives．

    To start with, it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history, and will continue to do so ．Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today．It had minimal effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it brought about was typically localized．In terms of energy use and the nutrients captured in the product it was relatively inefficient．

    Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution．Competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields．Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable．However, these changes have also led to habitat loss and to diminishing biodiversity．

    What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050，yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions．

    All this means that agriculture in the 21st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th．This will require radical（激进的）thinking．For example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones．We also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”．The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage．Instead we need a more dynamic interpretation, one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used．There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity．It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting, but we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity．

    What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production．

    72．How do people often measure progress in agriculture?

    A．By its productivity                 B． By its impact on the environment　　

    C．By its sustainability                D．By its contribution to economic growth

    73．What does the author think of traditional farming practices?

    　　A．They have remained the same over the centuries

    　　B．They have not kept pace with population growth

    　　C．They are not necessarily sustainable

    　　D．They are environmentally friendly

    74．What will agriculture be like in the 21st century?

    　　A．It will go through radical changes

    　　B．It will supply more animal products

    　　C．It will abandon traditional farming practices

    　　D．It will cause zero damage to the environment

    75．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

    　　A．To remind people of the need of sustainable development

    　　B．To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production

    　　C．To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress

    　　D．To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is．

     

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