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1.Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever,even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started.Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country.In fact,according to an official report on youth violence,"In our country today,the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment,but the terrible reality of violence".Given that this is the case,why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems,drive cars,or stay physically fit?
First of all,students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable.A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱).For example,a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime.Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults,which in turn can lead to
violence.The problem isn't in the sandwich,but in the way students deal with the conflict.
Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable,they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决):stay calm.Once the student feels calmer,he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well.Rude words,name-calling,and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire.On the other hand,soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.
After both sides have calmed down,they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution:listening.Listening allows the two sides to understand each other.One person should describe his or her side,and the other person should listen without interrupting.Afterward,the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position.Then the two people should change roles.
Finally,students need to consider what they are hearing.This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person.It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish.For example,a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things.Students need to ask themselves questions such as these:How did this start?What do I really want?What am I afraid of?As the issue becomes clearer,the conflict often simply becomes smaller.Even if it doesn't,careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.
There will always be conflict in schools,but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence.After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program,according to Educators for Social Responsibility,"64percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92percent of the students felt better about themselves".
Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,teachers,parents,bosses,and coworkers.In that way,conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.
32.This article is mainly aboutD.
A.the lives of school children
B.the cause of arguments in schools
C.how to analyze youth violence
D.how to deal with school conflicts
33.From Paragraph 2we can learn thatB.
A.violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime
B.a small conflict can lead to violence
C.students tend to lose their temper easily
D.the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight
34.Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?C
A.To find out who is to blame.
B.To get ready to try new things.
C.To make clear what the real issue is.
D.To figure out how to stop the shouting match.
35.After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta,it was found thatA.
A.there was a decrease in classroom violence
B.there was less student cooperation in the classroom
C.more teachers felt better about themselves in schools
D.the teacher-student relationship greatly improved.

分析 文章介绍了校园暴力.年轻的学生们会为了一件小事而反目成仇,由冲突升级为暴力.对现在的孩子们来说,最大的威胁不是疾病,饥饿或遗弃,而是可怕的校园暴力.我们孩子们不能像处理其它事情一样处理冲突呢?首先,问题出现时,要保持冷静;其次,要学会倾听和理解;最后还要学会自我反省,多问自己问题出在哪?作者最后还提议要在全国推行反对校园暴力的教育,毕竟,学会处理冲突也是一种基本的生存技能.

解答 32-35 DBCA
32题答案:D 主旨大意题.文章第一段最后一句Given that this is the ease,why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems,drive ears,or stay physically fit?为什么学生们不学会像处理其它问题一样处理冲突呢?最后一段说conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country我们要在所有学校教育学生如何解决冲突.故选D.
33题答案:B 推理判断题.文章第二段说A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult绝大多数校园暴力都是很小的侮辱引发的.故选B.
34题答案:C 细节理解题.文章第五段说Students need to ask themselves questions such as these:How did this start?What do I really want?What am I afraid of?As the issue becomes clearer,the conflict often simply becomes smaller学生要多问自己到底有什么大不了的事,非要发生冲突不可.问题搞清楚了,冲突加小多了.故选C.
35题答案:A 细节理解题.倒数第二段说64percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75percent of the teachers reported an increase in student co-operation; and 92percent of the students felt better about themselves报告显示校园暴力明显减少.故选A.

点评 阅读理解是考查语篇理解能力.常考的题型有:推理判断题;主旨大意题;细节理解题;猜测词意题.近几年又出现了两种新的考查方式:写作态度判断题和文章结构题.解题时,在读懂文章的基础上,还有特别注意掌握题型的特征,尤其是细节题和推断题不可混淆:细节题是文章信息的再现;推断题是文章信息的提取.

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C.friends of friends               D.strangers of his age
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C.driving one's own cars causes a negative impression.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

12.When I was in junior high school,I was really a bad boy.My history teacher-Mr Oven criticized me a lot because I was naughty in his class.By the end of the first semester,I'd had enough of his words and had decided that I would get my revenge on him.
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D.He had to write a 1000-word essay to acknowledge his mistake.

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

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35.What does the passage want to tell us?B
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

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32.Why does Mr.Tait say parents should be more detached?D
A.They haven't tried their best for their children.
B.They have no common sense or parental nature.
C.It's wrong for them to care about children's education.
D.Their effort doesn't pay off.
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B.Parents should allow children lo develop naturally.
C.Teachers may feel discouraged by demanding parents.
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

6.Scientists have discovered a real-life"moral compass"in the brain that controls how we judge other people's behavior.The region,which lies just behind the right ear,becomes more active when we think about other people's misdemeanor or good works.
In an experiment,researchers were able to use powerful magnets to disturb this area of the brain and make people temporarily less moral.The study discovers that our sense of right and wrong isn't just based on upbringing,religion or philosophy-but also by the biology of our brains.
The researchers used a non-invasive technique to disrupt the area of the brain.The technique generates a magnetic field on a small part of the skull which creates weak electric currents in the brain.These currents interfere(干扰) with nearby brain cells and prevent them from firing normally.
One story described a man who let his girlfriend walk over a bridge he knew was unsafe.The girl survived unharmed.Under normal conditions,most people rate the man's behavior as unacceptable.But after getting the magnetic pulse,the volunteers tended to see nothing wrong with his actions-and judged his behavior purely on whether his girlfriend survived.
Another story described two girls visiting a chemical plant where one girl asks her friend to put sugar in her coffee.The friend uses powder from a jar marked toxic (有毒的)-but as the powder turns out to be sugar.Volunteers with a disrupted moral compass tended to rate the girl's behavior as permissible because her friend was not injured-even though she was aware the powder came from a jar labeled toxic.
Throughout the experiment,irresponsible or deliberate actions that might have resulted in harm were seen as morally acceptable if the story had a"happy ending".

29.What's the probable meaning of the underlined word"misdemeanor"in Paragraph 1B?
A.Behavior
B.Misdeed
C.Fate
D.Adaption
30.The third paragraph mainly tells usA.
A.how the powerful magnets disrupt the area of the brain
B.what harm the powerful magnets bring to the brain
C.whether the powerful magnets can disrupt the area
D.how researchers spot the area with powerful magnets
31.What do the two stories want to tell us?B
A.People who like playing jokes on others is controlled by"moral compass".
B.People judge others'behavior acceptable or not by the"moral compass".
C.Whether people's behavior is acceptable or not is judged by a happy ending.
D.Different behavior controlled by the"moral compass"are all acceptable.

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

13.The relationship between exercise and cancer has long both intrigued and puzzled oncologists and exercise physiologists.
Exercise is strongly associated with lowered risks for many types of cancer.At the same time,exercise involves biological stress,which typically leads to a short-term increase in inflammation(发炎)which can contribute to higher risks for many cancers.
Now,a new study in mice may offer some clues into the exercise-cancer paradox.It suggests that exercise may change how the immune system deals with cancer by boosting adrenaline(肾上腺素),certain immune cells and other chemicals that,together,can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off altogether.
To try to better understand how exercise can both elevate inflammation and simultaneously protect the body against cancer,scientists at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark and other institutions decided to closely examine what happens inside mice at high risk for the disease.
So,for the new study,they began by gathering a group of adult lab mice.These animals generally like to run.
The scientists then implanted melanoma(黑素瘤) skin cancer cells into the mice before providing half of them with running wheels in their cages while the other animals remained sedentary.After four weeks,far fewer of the runners had developed full-blown melanoma than the sedentary mice and those that had been diagnosed with the disease showed fewer and smaller lesions.
They drew blood from both the exercising and sedentary animals and cells from any tumors in both groups.As expected,they found much higher levels of the hormone adrenaline in the blood of the exercising animals,especially right after they had been working out on the wheels but also at other times of the day.The body releases adrenaline in response to almost any type of stressful experience,including exercise.
They also found higher levels of interleukin-6in the blood of the runners.This is a substance that is released by working muscles and is believed to both increase and decrease inflammation in the body,depending on where and how it goes to work.
Perhaps most important,they found much higher numbers in the bloodstreams of runners than in the sedentary mice of a type of immune cell named natural killer cells that are known to be strong cancer fighters.
So the scientists repeated their original experiment multiple times,inducing cancer while allowing some mice to run and others to sit.In some of these follow-up experiments,the scientists injected the runners with a substance that blocked the production of adrenaline and gave sedentary animals large doses of added adrenaline.
What they now found was that when running mice could not produce adrenaline,they developed cancer at the same rate as the sedentary animals,while the sedentary animals that had been injected with extra adrenaline fought off their tumors better than other sitting mice.
More remarkably,the scientists determined that adrenaline seemed to be sending biochemical signals to some of the animals'IL-6cells,making them physiologically more alert,so that when a tumor began to develop in the affected animal,those IL-6cells in turn activated the natural killer cells in the bloodstream and actually directed them to the tumors,like minute guide fish.
With these results,"we show that voluntary wheel running in mice can reduce the growth of tumors,and we have identified an exercise-dependent mobilization of natural killer cells as the underlying cause of this protection,"said Pernille Hojman,a researcher at the University of Copenhagen who oversaw the new study.It perhaps provides one more incentive for us to get up and move.

63.The relationship between exercise and cancer has long puzzled oncologists and exercise physiologists becauseB
A.exercise is strongly associated with lowered risks for many types of cancer.
B.exercise can both elevate inflammation which can contribute to higher risks for many cancers and meanwhile protect the body against cancer.
C.exercise may change can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off altogether.
D.exercise can lead to a short-term increase in inflammation which can contribute to elevated risks for many cancers.
64.In the first experiment,which one is the most important result the scientists found?A
A.natural killer cells are much more in the bloodstreams of runners than in the sedentary mice.
B.levels of interleukin-6are higher in the blood of the runners than in the sedentary mice.
C.exercise such as running seemed to help the mice fight against the cancer.
D.adrenaline can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off.
65.What does the underlined word"sedentary"mean?C
A.run         
B.move          
C.sit            
D.sleep
66.In the follow-up experiments,the scientists foundB.
A.the hormone adrenaline has much higher levels in the blood of the exercising animals,
B.how these elements in the runners-their increased adrenaline,IL-6,and natural killer immune cells fight against tumor.
C.interleukin-6can both increase and decrease inflammation in the body,depending on where and how it goes to work.
D.what happens inside mice at high risk for the disease.
67.According to the study,we can infer the fundamental substance to fight the cancer off isC.
A.adrenaline       
B.interleukin-6         
C.natural killer cells    
D.genes.

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

10.An astronaut is required to make some repairs to the outside of the International Space Station.After a successful repair,the astronaut finishes the task.Unfortunately,a tool flies off into space.The tool has now become space junk,high-speed pieces of objects(物体) going around the Earth at 17,000 kilometers per hour.
While humans produce an unbelievable amount of waste on Earth,we might not think too much about space junk.But NASA says there are probable millions of objects,both small and large,going around the Earth in a giant cloud of junk.
Space junk got its start in the middle of the twentieth century,at the very beginning of the space race,when satellite began to be launched to go into orbit (轨道) around the Earth.So far,space junks include waste spaceships and waste spaceship parts,rocket fuel containers and even pieces of paint.Believe or not,there are millions of tiny pieces of paint floating around Earth's orbit.Heat or crashes usually cut off paint from spaceship and turn them into space junk.Because there are so many objects flying around up there,there's concern that crashes between space junks will only produce more of them.Scientists are worried this is already happening.
Anything travelling at a high speed in space would cause a considerable amount of damage to a spaceship if a direct hit happened.Even a small piece of paint is capable of making a quarter-inch hole into the window of a space station.The good news for astronauts is that most space junk is located between 550 and 625 miles above the Earth--the International Space Station flies in orbit at 250 miles high,while spaceships usually only reach 375 miles above the Earth.Space programs are also working on rocket designs that limit the amount of space junk produced during a launch.
For those of us on the Earth,is there a possibility that space junk could fall back to the ground?Everything in orbit will finally be pulled back down by Earth's gravity-when that happens depends on how high the object is and how fast it's going.The higher the object is,the longer the object will take to fall.These objects could stay in orbit for thousands of years.As for the risks of getting hit on the head,fortunately,most objects burn up on their way back to the Earth,and no one has ever been killed by space junk.
44.Where is space junk from?D
A.Pieces from satellites.
B.Fuel coming from rockets.
C.Waste from the space station.
D.Spaceships that no longer work.
45.What are scientists worried about space junk?C
A.It may rub off the spaceship's outside paint.
B.It may be pulled back by gravity and hurt people.
C.More space junks will probably be produced in crashes.
D.The space station's windows may be blocked by space junk.
46.Where is the passage probably taken from?C
A.Astronauts'travel diary.
B.Scientists'research report.
C.Popular science magazine.
D.Adventure novel.

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

9.First lady's campaign brings change
WASHINGTON (AP)-Wal-Mart(沃尔玛) is putting special labels(标签)on some  products to help shoppers quickly notice healthier ones.Millions of schoolchildren are helping themselves to vegetables from salad bars in their lunchrooms,and kids'meals at Olive Garden and Red Lobster restaurants come with a side of fruit or vegetables and a glass of low-fat milk.
These changes are taking place due to the campaign against childhood fatness,for which the first lady Michelle Obama began fighting three years ago.
Fatness has become a serious problem in the country.About one-third of U.S.children are overweight,which puts them at increased risk for any number of deadly illnesses,including high blood pressure and heart disease.
Still,Mrs.Obama faces challenge.Not everyone welcomes her effort.Some blame her for going too far and say she has no right to tell what people should and shouldn't eat.But nutrition supporters and others praise her for using her influence to help bring interests to the table.They said the first lady has raised public awareness about fatness,which will help decrease childhood fatness rates.
There is evidence of small decrease in childhood fatness rates in some parts of the country.New York reported a 5.5percent drop in fatness rates in kindergarteners through eighth-graders between the 2006-07and 2010-11school years.In Philadelphia,the drop was 4.7percent among students in grades K-12.
Fighting against children fatness is hard work,but it's well worth the effort.The first lady is planning a promotional tour.She has been talking up the campaign against childhood fatness on daytime and late-night TV shows and on the radio.She also plans discussions next week on Google and Twitter.
"We've been spending a lot of time educating and re-educating families and kids on how to eat,what to eat,"the first lady said."We're starting to see some changes and we're starting to show some improvement."

56.What is the purpose of the campaign started by the first lady?B
A.To call on healthy eating.
B.To reduce childhood fatness rate.
C.To show the harm caused by fatness.
D.To educate people how to avoid illness.
57.What is the first paragraph mainly about?D
A.The popularity of healthy food.
B.The importance of balanced diet.
C.Children's preference for vegetables.
D.The changes brought out by the campaign.
58.What can we learn from the passage about Mrs.Obama?C
A.She is an expert in healthy eating.
B.She has won support of the whole nation.
C.She shows great concern about childhood fatness.
D.She makes good use of media to increase her influence.

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