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Below is some advice on how to prevent colds and flu.

8 Ways to Avoid Colds and Flu
1. Wash your hands and wash them often
The US Naval Health Research Center conducted a study of 40,000 volunteers who were ordered to wash their hands five times a day. The volunteers cut their incidence of flu by 45 percent.
2. Wash your hands twice every time you wash them
Researchers at Columbia University found one hand washing had little effect, even when using antibacterial soap. So wash twice if you’re serious about preventing colds.
3. Change your toothbrush every three months
You think your toothbrush gets your teeth clean — and it does. But once you’ve finished brushing, it can be a breeding ground for germs. Most dentists recommend you change your brush every two or three months. It’s also a good idea to replace it after you’ve had a cold or flu.
4. Sneeze and cough into your arm or tissue (纸巾)
Whoever taught us to cover our mouths when we cough or sneeze got it wrong. That just puts the germs right on our hands, where you can spread them to objects — and other people. Instead, put your arm over your mouth and nose when you sneeze or cough if a tissue isn’t handy. It’s pretty rare that you shake someone’s arm, after all.
5. Stop blaming yourself when things go wrong
Believe it or not, blaming yourself makes you more likely to catch a cold! Researchers found that even those who had control over their work were more likely to begin sneezing if they lacked confidence or tended to blame themselves when things went wrong. Such attitudes make people more stressed on the job, and stress, as you know, can challenge your immune system.
6. Once a day, sit in a quiet, dim room, close your eyes, and focus on one word
Meditate (冥想). It is a proven way to reduce stress. Studies have shown that stress weakens your immune system. In fact, people with high stress levels have up to twice the number of colds as non-stressed people.
7. Get moving
Ride a bike, join a dance class, or go for a walk. A study found that older women who did 45 minutes of gentle exercise, five times a week for a year, were up to three times less likely to get a cold than women who took little exercise. The researchers found that the exercisers’ immune system was strongest in the last three months of the study.
8. Leave the windows in your house open a crack
You don’t have to keep all of them open, but one or two in the rooms in which you spend the most time. This is particularly important if you live in a newer home, where fresh circulating air has been the victim of energy efficiency. A bit of fresh air will do wonders for chasing out germs.
 
【小题1】To prevent yourself from getting colds, you should wash your hands____.
A.twice every hourB.twice every time
C.five times every hourD.five times every time
【小题2】When you cough or sneeze, you should ____.
A.put your hands over your mouth
B.avoid shaking hands with other people
C.cover your mouth with your arm or a tissue
D.keep away from other people
【小题3】Your immune system will be weakened if ____.
A.your stress level is high
B.your room is not bright
C.you have control over your work
D.you do not exercise for 45 minutes every day
【小题4】If you live in a new house, it is particularly important to ____.
A.leave all the windows open a crack
B.leave only one or two windows open to save energy
C.keep one or two windows open in the rooms where you spend the most time
D.keep all the doors and windows open to let in more fresh air when you are at home


【小题1】B
【小题1】C
【小题1】A
【小题1】C

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On a Friday night, a poor young artist stood at the gate of the New York railway station, playing his violin. The music was so great that many people stopped to put some money into the hat of the young man.

       The next day, the young artist came to the same place, and put his hat on the ground gracefully. Different from the day before, he took out a large piece of paper and laid it under his hat. Then he began to play the violin. It sounded more pleasant than ever.

       Soon he was surrounded with people who were attracted by the words on that paper. It said, “Last night, a gentleman named George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Please come to claim (认领) it soon.”

       After about half an hour, a middle-aged man rushed through the crowd to the violinist and said, “Yes, it’s you. I knew that you were an honest man and would certainly come here.” The young violinist asked calmly, “Are you Mr George Sang?” The man nodded. The violinist asked, “Did you lose something?” “It’s a lottery ticket,” said the man. The violinist took out a lottery ticket on which George Sang’s name was seen. “Is it?” he asked. George nodded and took the lottery ticket and kissed it, then danced with the violinist.

       The violinist was a student at an arts college and had planned to attend advanced studies in Vienna. Later his classmate asked the violinist, “At that time you needed money to pay the tuition (学费)and you had to play the violin in the railway station every day to make money. Why didn’t you keep the lottery ticket for yourself?”

       The violinist said, “Although I don’t have much money, I live happily. But if I lose honesty I won’t be happy forever.” Through our lives, we can gain a lot and lose so much. But being honest should always be with us.

What did the young artist do at the railway station on Friday?

   A. He played the violin to make some money.

   B. He waited for the train to Vienna.

   C. He came to buy a train ticket to Vienna.

D. He walked around the New York railway station.

According to the words on the paper, which sentence below is TRUE?

   A. It asked a gentleman named George Sang to claim his hat.

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From this article, we can learn that ____.

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   B. we should know the importance of honesty and lead a happy life

   C. keep the lottery if you find one

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C
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Rescue and Aid Considering domestic and international response to the disasters by militaries, governments and aid organizations, including rescue and recovery as well as efforts to provide food, water, health care and shelter to those affected.
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Why do scientists believe that the 2010 Chilean earthquake will not cause the same level of damage as January’s Haitian earthquake did?
How does the 2010 Chilean earthquake compare to the 2004 Indonesian earthquake?
What reasons do scientists give to explain why the Indonesian quake caused so much more damage than the recent Chilean earthquake?
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D. the reason for less damage in the 2010 Chilean quake than in the 2004 Indonesian earthquake
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Below is adapted from an English dictionary.

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Below is some advice on how to prevent cancer:

8 Ways to Avoid Cancer in Your Life

1. Eat Blueberries

Aside from being a healthy and delicious snack, blueberries contain pterostilbene, which has important colon(结肠) cancer-fighting prosperities. But wait, it gets better. Blueberries also offer a large dose of vitamins C (14 milligrams per cup). So at breakfast, try to take in a cup and a half of blueberries in your cereal or yogurt, or mixed with other berries.

2. Drink Pomegranate(石榴)Juice

The deep red juice of the pomegranate contains polyphenols, isoflavones and ellagic acid, which together create a powerful anticancer mixture. Most recently, researchers from the University of Wisconsin at Madison has discovered that 16 ounces of pomegranate juice per day also may inhibit the growth of lung cancer.

3. Relax

Feeling stressed or worried? Find ways to relax and you may reduce your chances of developing cancer. Purdue University researchers tracked 1,600 men over 12 years and found that half of those with high levels of worry died during the study period. Only 20 percent of the optimists died before the study were completed, while 34 percent of the extremely anxious men died of some type of cancer. Instead of stressing about the past or future, focus on the present and relax!

4. Take Selenium(硒)

Selenium is well known for its cancer-fighting properties. In a study of almost 1,000 men, researchers from the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that when men with the lowest initial levels of selenium in their bodies received a daily supplement over a 4 year period, they cut their prostate(前列腺) cancer risk by a remarkable 92 percent. However, it is possible to get too much of a good thing, so monitor your intake of selenium-containing supplements, Brazil nuts, tuna, meats and grains carefully.

5. Eat Sushi(寿司)

Seaweed may not be your idea of a great snack, but it is high in fiber, calcium and iron, and dry, roasted seaweed sheets used in sushi provide the additional benefits of vitamins A and C. Sushi rolls are also high in protein— a typical spicy tuna roll has only 290 calories but packs 24 grams of protein. So don’t skimp(节省)on the Sushi!

6. Enjoy the Outdoors

Vitamin D causes early death of cancer cells. A study published in the American Journey of Clinical Nutrition reported that women who supplemented their diets with 1,000 international. Units of vitamin D every day had a 60 percent to 77 percent lower incidence of cancer ever a four-year period that did women taking a placebo(无效对照剂). Experts recommend supplementing your fun in the sun with 1,100 to 2,000IU of vitamin D each day.

7. Breathe Clean Air

There’s no question that secondhand smoke kills. A recent American Journal of Public Health study showed that nonsmokers working in smoky places had three times the amount of carcinogen(致癌物质) in their urine(尿) than nonsmokers working in smoke-free locations. What’s worse, their levels of the carcinogen rose 6 percent for every hour worked. Nine states have banned smoking in all workplaces, bars and restaurants. The message is clear: Do whatever you can to avoid the cloud of smoke.

8. Break a Sweat

Even a small amount of exercise can offer major cancer-fighting benefits. In a study of 29,110 men published in the International Journal of Cancer, men who exercised just once a week had a percent lower risk of metastasis(转移性) prostate cancer than men who didn’t work out at all. The better the frequency, duration and intensity of the exercise, the bigger the reduction in risk, according to the study.

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A.sushi

B.blueberries

C.pomegranates

D.Vitamin D

2.A person is very likely to catch some type of cancer if ______.

A.he is very fond of exercise every day.

B.he is addicted to smoking

C.he is always feeling extremely stressed or worried

D.he likes to have meals in restaurants

3._____ will remarkably reduce the risk of men’s prostate cancer.

A.Having a daily supplement of selenium

B.Drinking a cup of pomegranate juice every day

C.Breathing fresh air now and then

D.Taking exercise at least once a week

4.If you want to keep cancer away, it is particularly important to ______.

A.have a daily supplement of vitamins B and C

B.try to ignore the secondhand smoking

C.take in as many selenium-containing supplements as possible

D.having exercise as often as possible

 

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