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5.Culture can affect not just language and customs,but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.
Researchers,with the help of brain scans,have uncovered shocking differences in perception (感知) between Westerners and Asians,what they see when they look at a city street,for example,or even how they perceive a simple line in a square,according to findings published in a leading science journal.
In western countries,culture makes people think of themselves as highly independent entities (实体).When looking at scenes,Westerners tend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings.East Asian cultures,however,emphasize inter-dependence.When Easterners look at a scene,they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object.
Using an experiment involving two tasks,Dr Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length,a task that is played to American strengths.In another,they estimated the line's length relative to the size of a square,an easier task for the Asians.
The level of brain activity,by tracking blood flow,was then measured by Brain Scanners.The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance,and the tasks were very easy,the levels of activity in the subjects'brains were different.For the Americans,areas linked to attention lit up more,when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult--estimating the line's size relative to the square.For the Asians,the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also--estimating the line's length without comparing it to the square.The findings are a reflection of more than ten years of previous experimental research into east-west differences.
In one study,for instance,researchers offered people a choice among five pens; four red and one green.Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen while Westerners were more likely to choose the green one.
Culture is not affecting how you see the world,but how you choose to understand and internalize (使内化) it.But such habits can be changed.Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa,habits of thought and perception also begin to change.Such research gives us clues on how our brain works and is hopeful for us to develop programs to improve our memory,memory techniques and enhance and accelerate our learning skills.

63.According to the passage,Chinese people are most likely toC.
A.more emphasize independent thinking
B.always focus more on their surroundings
C.focus more on the context as well as the object
D.think of Westerners as highly independent entities
64.We know from the passage that people's brains will be more active whenD.
A.the task is much easier
B.the blood flow is tracked
C.people begin to choose colors
D.the task is more difficult
65.What do the findings of the experiments mentioned in the passage indicate?B
A.They indicate that culture has a great impact on the way people talk and behave.
B.They show that Easterners and Westerners have great differences in perceiving the world.
C.They suggest that people's habits of thought and perception can be changed in different cultures.
D.They make it clear that Easterners and Westerners lay emphasis on different things.
66.It can be inferred from the passage thatA.
A.Easterners prefer collectivism to individualism
B.East Asian cultures lay more emphasis on independence
C.It took over ten years to find out how to improve our brainpower
D.Americans will change their habits of perception when they're in Britain.

分析 文章介绍一项对于东西方人的认知方面的不同的研究,得出结论,西方人认为自己是独立的,东方人认为人们是相互依存的关系,文化差异导致东西方人们的认知水平的差异,但是可以改变的.

解答 63.C.细节理解题.根据第三段East Asian cultures,however,emphasize inter-dependence.When Easterners look at a scene,they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object可知中国人最有可能同样关注背景以及对象;故选C.
64.D.推理判断题.根据倒数第三段For the Asians,the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also--estimating the line's length without comparing it to the square可知任务更加艰巨人们的大脑会更加活跃;故选D.
65.B.推理判断题.根据最后一段Culture is not affecting how you see the world,but how you choose to understand and internalize (使内化) it.But such habits can be changed可知文章中提到的实验结果表明东方人和西方人在认识世界有很大的差异;故选B.
66.A.细节理解题.根据倒数第二段researchers offered people a choice among five pens; four red and one green.Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen while Westerners were more likely to choose the green one可知东方人更喜欢集体主义比个人主义;故选A.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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