16．If you want to stay young，sit down and have a good think．This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors，who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise and，as a result，we are growing old unnecessarily soon．
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why quite healthy in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a rather early age，and how the speed of getting old could be slowed down．
With a team of researchers at Tokyo National University，he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages with different jobs．Computer technology helped the researchers to get most exact measurements of the volume of the front and side parts of the brain，which have something to do with intellect and feelings，and decide the human character．As we all know，the back part of the brain，which controls task like eating and breathing，does not contract with age．
Contraction of front and side parts-as cells die off-was seen in some people in their thirties，but it was still not found in some sixty and seventy-year-olds．
Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to prevent the contraction-using the head．
The findings show that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns．"Those with least possibility，"says Matsuzawa，"are lawyers，followed by university professors and doctors．White collar workers doing the same work day after day in government offices are，however，as possible to have contracting brains as the farm worker，bus driver and shop assistant．"
72．The team of doctors wanted to find outC．
A．at what point people grow mentally old
B．how to make people live longer
C．the size of certain people's brains
D．which people are the most clever
73．Their research findings are based onC．
A．an examination of farmers in northern Japan
B．tests given on a thousand old people
C．examining the brain volumes of different people
D．using computer technology
74．The doctors'tests show thatD．
A．our brains contract as we grow older
B．one part of the brain does not contract
C．sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-olds
D．some people's brains have contracted earlier than other people's
75．The most possible conclusion of the passage is thatC．
A．most of us take more exercise 
B．it's better to live in the town
C．the brain contracts if it is not used
D．the more one uses his brain，the sooner he becomes old．

15．Sir Steven Redgrave
Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals
"In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes（糖尿病）．Believing my career was over，I felt extremely low．Then one of the specialists said there was to no reason why I should stop training and competing．That was it-the encouragement I needed．I could still be a winner if I believed in myself．I am not saying that it isn't difficult sometimes．But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasn't finished yet．Nothing is to stand in my way．"
Karen Pickering
Swimming World Champion
"I swim 4 hours a day，6 days a week．I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary．This is the key to success-you can't follow a career in any field without being well-organized．List what you believe you can achieve．Trust yourself，write down your goals for the day，however small they are，and you'll be a step closer to achieving them．"
Kirsten Best
Poet & Writer
"When things are getting hard，a voice inside my head tells me that I can't achieve something．Then，there are other distractions，such as family or hobbies．The key is to concentrate．When I feel tense，it helps a lot to repeat words such as‘calm'，‘peace'or‘focus'，either out loud or silently in my mind．It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence．This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological（心理的） tool"
63．What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about？D
A．Difficulties influenced his career．
B．Specialists offered him medical advice．
C．Training helped him defeat his disease．
D．He overcame the shadow of illness to win．
64．What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary？A
A．Her training schedule．B．Her daily happenings．
C．Her achievements．D．Her sports career．
65．What does the underlined word"distractions"probably refer to？C
A．Ways that help one to focus．
B．Words that help one to feel less tense．
C．Activities that turn one's attention away．
D．Habits that make it hard for one to relax．
66．According to the passage，what do the three people have in common？D
A．Courage．B．Devotion．C．Hard work．D．Self-confidence．

14．What do you usually do after school？Playing football？Watching TV？Come on，we need something new!Let's see how kids in foreign countries spend their free time!
Mess around with Dress-up
Do your parents have any old clothes？See if you can get an old box and start collecting hats，shoes and clothes now!Then，when your friends come over after school，you can play dress-up．See if you can make yourself into a doctor，or a cowboy，or even a spaceman!Use glitter paint and old material to decorate the clothes the way you like them．
If you are really clever，you could even put on a show for your family!Let your imagination run wild!
         ①
Want to learn new things after school？Want to make new friends who aren't in your class？You can get both of them in clubs．In other countries'schools，there are usually all kinds of clubs for kids to join．There is French club，student government，theatre，choir （合唱队） and photography club．
Take photography club as an example．One may learn all the necessary skills about taking photos．For example，you will learn how to choose a camera，how to use the light and how to develop pictures．Sounds cool，right？
But that's not all．One can also make a lot of friends in clubs．It's always good to enjoy your spare time with friends，isn't it？
54．What is the best title for①A？
A．Start a club                             
B．Learn a club
C．An important club                        
D．A photography club
55．From the first paragraph we knowD．
A．foreign kids don't like watching TV         
B．Chinese kids like playing football with foreign kids
C．playing football is not popular with foreign kids
D．foreign kids have some different ways to spend their free time
56．When you join a photography club，you CANNOTB．
A．enjoy your free time                     
B．get a camera for free
C．make some new friends                
D．learn to take pictures
57．The text mainly talks aboutC．
A．how to take a good picture                   
B．how to join a photography club
C．after-class activities in foreign countries      
D．putting on a show in foreign schools．

13．People with disabilities make up a large part of the population．It is estimated（估计） that over 35 million Americans have physical，mental，or other disabilities．About half of these disabilities are"developmental"，i．e．，they occur before the individual's twenty-second birthday，often from genetic conditions，and are severe enough to affect three or more areas of development，such as mobility，communication，employment，etc．Most other disabilities are considered"adventitious"，i．e．，accidental or caused by outside forces．
Prior to the 20th century，only a small percentage of people with disabilities survived for long．Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable．Advancements in medicine and social services have created a climate in which people with disabilities can expect to have such basic needs as food，shelter，and medical treatment．Unfortunately，these basics are often not available．Civil liberties such as the right to vote，marry，get an education，and gain employment have historically been denied on the basis of disability．
In recent decades，the disability rights movement has been organized to fight against these infringements（违反，侵犯）of civil rights．Congress responded by passing major legislation recognizing people with disabilities as a protected class under civil rights statutes．
Still today，people with disabilities must fight to live their lives independently．It is estimated that more than half of qualified Americans with disabilities are unemployed，and a majority of those who do work are underemployed．About two-thirds live at or below the official poverty level．
Significant barriers，especially in transportation and public awareness，prevent disabled people from taking part in society．For example，while no longer prohibited by law from marrying，a person with no access to transportation is effectively excluded from community and social activities which might lead to the development of long-term relationships．
Only when public attitudes advance as far as laws have will disabled people be fully able to take their rightful place in society．
1．A"developmental"disabilityB．
A．develops very slowly over time      
B．occurs in youth and affects development
C．is caused by forces                
D．is getting more and more severe
2．Most disabled people used to die early becauseB．
A．disabilities destroyed major bodily functions   
B．medical techniques were not available 
C．they were not very well looked after
D．they were too poor to get proper treatment
3．In the author's opinion，to enable the disabled people to take their rightful place in society，D．
A．more laws should be passed           
B．more public facilities should be set up
C．government should provide more aids   
D．public attitudes should be changed
4．Which of the following cannot be inferred from the passage？B
A．Many disabled people may remain single for their whole life．
B．Discriminatory（带歧视性的）laws prevent the disabled from mixing with others．
C．The public tends to look down upon the disabled people．
D．The disabled people feel inferior to（低于）those surrounding them．
5．The best title for this passage might beA．
A．Handicaps（障碍）of People with Disabilities
B．The physical difficulties of the Disabled
C．The Causes for Disabilities
D．Medical Treatments for Disabilities．

12．It is reasonable to say that every teenager can be affected by peer pressure （从众心理） at some point．Every day，in any high school，peer pressure has a major influence over the behavior of teenagers．It can be as subtle （微妙的） as being persuaded to be late for class or as extreme as a dangerous drug．Whether subtle or extreme，peer pressure can have damaging，sometimes life changing，and even serious results．
"Teens don't often consider the long-term results that some behavior can cause，"said Terri Price，a researcher．"Peer pressure can be very difficult to handle for many teens because of their fears of not fitting in"．Peer pressure has always been part of teen life，but teens experienceitdifferently than their former generations did in the past．Sources of peer pressure have increased because of the Internet and other electronic communications．
Recognizing peer pressure can be as simple as noticing that you have been asked to do something that you are not comfortable with．"Listen to your instinct （直觉），which is a sign for whether something is right or wrong．If it feels wrong，then most likely it is．"says Price．
Teens are in a time of life when they are still discovering who they are．Many teens are influenced by peer pressure because of their insecurities （不安全感）．This ca n make them helpless especially when their self-control is weak or they lack healthy support，causing them to take risky behavior or turn to unhealthy support．
Dealing with peer pressure is a topic of concern for teens．People can say，"Just say no，"but the truth is that the statement is easier said than done．
1．The underlined word"it"in Paragraph 2 refers toC
A．the Internet     B．teen life
C．peer pressure    D．the fear of not fitting in
2．You can know whether a teen suffers peer pressure by watchingD．
A．whether he often surfs the Internet
B．whether he can get security
C．whether it is subtle or extreme
D．whether he feels comfortable with it
3．Why are teens easily influenced by peer pressure？A
A．Because they don't have the feeling of safety．
B．Because they are afraid of fitting in or being accepted．
C．Because they need support for their health．
D．Because they have nobody to turn to when in trouble．
4．According to the passage，we can know that dealing with peer pressure isB
A．easy          B．hard          C．a new topic          D．an impossible task．

11．Can people change their skin colour without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson？Perhaps yes．Scientists have found the gene that determines skin colour．
The gene comes in two versions，one of which is found in 99per cent of Europeans．The other is found in 93to 100per cent of Africans，researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science．
Scientists have changed the colour of a dark-striped zebrafish to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment （色素） gene into a young fish．As with humans，zebrafish skin colour is determined by pigment cells，which contain melanosomes （黑色素）．The number，size and darkness of melanosomes per pigment cell determines skin colour．
It appears that，like the golden zebrafish，light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation（变异） in the gene for melanosome production．This results in less pigmented skin．
However，Keith Cheng，leader of the research team，points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes．
Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun （太阳光紫外线），which can cause skin cancer．
But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes，they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D．So the related gene changes，according to Cheng．
Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans，so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin colour，said Cheng．
The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer．It also could lead to research into ways to change skin colour without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson．

71．The passage mainly tells us thatD．
A．people can not change their skin colour without any pain
B．the new discovery could lead to search into ways to change skin colour safely
C．pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin colour as he liked
D．scientists have found out that people's skin colour is determined by the gene
72．It can be inferred from the passage thatA．
A．nowadays people who want to change their skin colour have to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment
B．Europeans and Africans have the same gene
C．the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer
D．there are two kinds of genes
73．Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebrafish in order toB．
A．find the different genes of humans'
B．prove the humans'skin colour is determined by the pigment gene
C．find out the reason why the Africans'skin colour is dark
D．find out the ways of changing people's skin colour
74．The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably thatB．
A．they are born light-skinned people
B．light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanosome production
C．they have fewer activities outside
D．they pay much attention to protecting their skin
75．The writer's attitude towards the discovery isC．
A．neutral          B．negative
C．positive         D．indifferent．

10．Few of us make money by losing sleep．But three graduate students at Brown University in Providence built a company around sleep deprivation （睡眠不足）．
Jason Donahue，Ben Rubin and Eric Shashoua were working late nights in Brown's business and engineering schools．They began thinking about ways to sleep better．They discovered they weren't alone in burning the midnight oil．Around 20% of Americans get less than six hours of rest a night．
The friends imagined a smart alarm clock that could track how much time people spend in the most restorative （有回复作用的） stages of the sleep cycle：REM （rapid eye movement） and deep sleep．What would it cost to design such a thing？Five years of research，20employees，﹩14million and a whole lot of doubting from investors and scientists．
Their company，Zeo，based in Newton，Mass，launched its product in June，2009．The Zeo device uses a headband with tiny sensors （传感器） that scan your brain for signs of four sleep states-REM，light，deep and waking sleep．The smart alarm clock displays a graph of your sleep pattern and wakes you as you're not in REM sleep （which is when you're least groggy）．In the morning you can upload the data to the company's Web site，and so track your sleep over time．Most of the feedback comes in the form of Zeo's ZQ score showing how well you've slept．
"Zeo allows people to unlock this black box of sleep，"says Dave Dickinson，a health-care CEO．
Whether any of this actually improves sleep is up to the consumer，who will also need to make lifestyle changes like cutting out alcohol before bedtime or caffeine after 3pm．
For now the company is selling Zeo online only．Dickinson also plans to spread it to countries such as Australia，where sleep deprivation approaches US levels．

56．Who will support Zeo？B
A．People full of imagination．        
B．People suffering sleeping problems．
C．People having access to the Internet． 
D．People having bad lifestyles．
57．Why did the three graduate students imagine a smart alarm clock？C
A．To wake them up on time in the morning．
B．To earn enough money for their study．
C．To improve the quality of people's sleep．
D．To enjoy their life while working at night．
58．To design the Zeo device，the three graduate studentsA．
A．spent much time and money         
B．were widely supported by scientists
C．worked by themselves all the time   
D．attracted many investors
59．What can we know from the passage？B
A．Zeo has a direct effect on users'lifestyles．
B．It needs more personal efforts to make Zeo function better．
C．A large quantity of Zeo devices have been sold in Australia．
D．Consumers can go to the Zeo company to purchase Zeo in person．

9．Complaints（投诉） should be made to a responsible person．Go back to the shop where you bought the goods，taking with you any receipt（收据） you may have．Ask to see the seller in a large store．In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain directly．In a chain store，ask to see the manager．If you telephone，ask the name of the pers on who handles your enquiry，otherwise you may never find out who deals with the complaint later．
Even the bravest person finds it difficult to stand up in a group of people to complain，so if you do not want to do it in person，write a letter．Stick to the facts and keep a copy of what you write．At this stage，you should give any receipt number，but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article．If you are not satisfied with the answer you get，or if you do not get a reply，write to the managing director of the firm，store，or organization．Be sure to keep copies of your own letter and any you receive．
If your complaint is a just one，the shopkeeper may offer to replace or repair the faulty article．You may find it an attractive solution．In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the goods and ask for the money back，but this is when you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once．Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may be able to get some money back as well．And you have suffered some special loss，if，for example，a new washing machine tears your clothes，you might receive money to repair them．
56．The shoppers may make a complaint becauseB．
A．they dislike causing a fuss（大惊小怪）
B．it doesn't do what is claimed（要求） for it
C．the article is not up to standard
D．they are at fault in buying the article
57．If you write a letter to complain，A．
A．it is important to keep a record of what you say
B．it is necessary to send receipts
C．say how you feel about the matter
D．ask what receipt numbers you should give
58．You can demand your money back only ifB．
A．the article cannot be replaced or repaired
B．you have gone back immediately
C．the article has not gone up in price since you bought it
D．the article has defects（缺陷）
59．You may be able to claim extra money whenC．
A．you have been hurt
B．you can't find something special
C．damage has been caused by the faulty article
D．your clothes have been torn or lost．

8．You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator．When you choose to be a victim，the world is a cold and difficult place．"They"did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering．"They"are wrong and bad，and life is terrible as long as"they"are around．Or you may blame yourself for all your problems，thus internalizing（内化）your victimization．The truth is，your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others．
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently．They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives，but they don't let this get in the way．They know they have their weaknesses，yet they don't blame themselves when they fail．Whatever happens，they have choice in the matter．They believe their dance with each sacred（神圣的）moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth．
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities，yet their experience of life is worlds apart．Victims relish （沉溺）in anger，guilt，and other emotions that cause others---and even themselves---to feel like victims，too．Creators consciously choose love，inspiration，and other qualities which inspire not only themselves，but all around them．Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives．
In reality，all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives．One person，on losing a job or a special relationship，may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months，years，or even a lifetime．Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief，then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life．
In every moment and every circumstance，you can choose to have fuller，richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within，and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are．
69．What does the word"they"in Paragraph 1 probably refer to？A
A．People and things around you
B．Opportunities and problems．
C．Creators and their choices
D．Victims and their sufferings．
70．According to Paragraph 2，creatorsC．
A．seem willing to experience failures in life
B．possess the ability to predict future life
C．handle ups and downs of life wisely
D．have potential to create something new
71．What can we learn from Paragraph 3？B
A．Creators and victims face quite different things in life．
B．Creators and victims are masters of their lives．
C．Victims can influence more people than creators．
D．Compared with victims，creators are more emotional．
72．The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show thatA．
A．strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims．
B．people need family support to deal with challengers in life．
C．it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains．
D．one's experiences determine his attitude toward life．
73．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage？D
A．To define victims and creators．
B．To evaluate victims against creators．
C．To explain the relationship between victims and creators．
D．To suggest the transformation from victims to creators．

7．Stress is a physical and mental feeling which breaks the physiological balance．A major source of teen stress is school exams，and test anxiety is not uncommon．So，how can parents help their teens go over it before an exam？
-Be involved．
    Parents need to be involved in their teen's work．What they look for is your presence-to talk，or simply to sit with them quietly．Communicate openly with your teen．Encourage your teen to express his/her worries and fears．
-Help them get organized．
    Help your teen think about what he/she has to study and plan accordingly．Together，you and your teen can work out a timetable so that he/she can study more efficiently．
-Give them a nutritious diet．
It's important for your teen to eat a healthy，balanced diet during exams．Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite．If this happens，encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches．A healthy diet rather than junk food is best for reducing stress．
49．The passage is mainly written to helpD．
A．educators        B．professors          C．students          D．parents
50．What is the major source of teen stress？B
A．Parents'expectation．B．School exams．
C．Loss of appetite．D．Lack of sleep．
51．Which is not the best for reducing stress？A
A．Junk food．B．A light meal．C．A nutritious diet．D．Sandwiches．
52．The passage mainly tells usA．
A．how to help your teenagers to go over pressure before an exam
B．how to encourage your teenagers to relax         
C．how to encourage your teenagers to express their fears of worries      
D．how to get involved in teen's work．