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    内作答，在试题卷上作答无效。

第四部分: 任务型阅读(满分10分)

　　请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

Back to School: Why Grit(毅力) Is More Important than Good Grades?
       The back-to-school season is upon us, and once again, parents across the country have loaded their kids’ backpacks up with snack packs and school supplies. It’s a good moment to reflect on what else we should be giving our kids as they head off to school.

American parents are feeling particularly anxious about that question this year. The educational process feels more than ever like a race, one that starts in pre-preschool and doesn’t end until your child is admitted to the perfect college. Most parents are more worried than they need to be about their children’s grades, test scores and IQ. And what we don’t think about enough is how to help our children build their character—how to help them develop skills like perseverance, grit, optimism, conscientiousness, and self-control, which together do more to determine success than S.A.T. scores or I.Q.

There is growing evidence that our anxiety about our children’s school performance may actually be holding them back from learning some of these valuable skills. If you’re concerned only with a child’s G.P.A., then you will likely choose to minimize the challenges the child faces in school. With real challenge comes the risk of real failure. And in a competitive academic environment, the idea of failure can be very scary, to students and parents alike.

But experiencing failure is a critical part of building character. Recent research by a team of psychologists found that adults who had experienced little or no failure growing up were actually less happy and confident than those who had experienced a few significant setbacks in childhood. “Overcoming those obstacles,” the researchers assumed, “could teach effective coping skills, help engage social support networks, create a sense of mastery over past adversity, and foster beliefs in the ability to cope successfully in the future.”

By contrast, when we protect our children from every possible failure—when we call their teachers to get an extension on a paper; when we urge them to choose only those subjects they’re good at—we are denying them those same character-building experiences. As the psychologists Madeline Levine and Dan Kindlon have written, that can lead to difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood, when overprotected young people finally confront real problems on their own and don’t know how to overcome them.

In the classroom and outside of it, American parents need to encourage children to take chances, to challenge themselves, to risk failure. In the meantime, giving our kids room to fail may be one of the best ways we can help them succeed.

　 Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland's volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway.

WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the tiny ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because particles (粒子) taken in by people can enter the lungs and cause breathing problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask.

Other experts, however, weren't convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on peoples' health and said WHO's warnings were "hysterical." They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder（滑石粉）. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation (过敏) even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance — like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe — its health effects are often minimal, experts say.

"Not all particles are created equal," said Ken Donaldson, a professor at the University of Edinburgh, "In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful." And he said most Europeans' exposure to volcanic ash would be ignored and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.

Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. "The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven't heard of any ill effects there," he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was "over the top" and "a bit hysterical."

72. The text is mainly about　　　　 .

A. the effect of volcanic ash　

B. the health risk of volcanic ash

C. the disadvantages of volcanic ash

D. the opinions on health risk of volcanic ash

73. Which one is true according to Paragraph 3?

A. The volcanic ash’s effects on Europeans were little.

B. The ash caused irritation even in healthy people.

C. Other experts thought WTO’S warnings were useful.

D. The volcanic ash was more dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.

74. The underlined word “hysterical” in Paragraph4 most probably means　　　 .

A. practical　　　 B. overstated　　　 C. valuable　　　　　 D. amazing

75. What can we learn from paragraph 4 ?

A. The volcanic ash wouldn’t be harmful to people.

B. All experts thought the volcanic ash did great harm to our health.

C. People close to the volcano would likely be at risk according to some experts.　

D. Europeans should stay indoors because Iceland's volcano starts settling.

President Barack Obama has complained about the loss of privacy that comes with being leader of the United States, regretting the loss of simple pleasures such as a long walk or a trip to the car wash or supermarket. "I just miss - I miss being anonymous," he said. "I miss Saturday morning, rolling out of bed, not shaving, getting into my car with my girls, driving to the supermarket, squeezing the fruit, getting my car washed, taking walks. I can't take a walk. " His dream, he said, was to "go through Central Park and watch folks passing by... spend the day watching people --- I miss that".

Faced with angry criticism for playing more golf than most previous occupants of the White House, he explained that the sport was simply the best way of getting away from it all. "It's the only excuse I have to get outside for four hours in a row," he told Hearst magazines.

Though he said he enjoyed his life in the White House, he felt disappointed with some of the ways of Washington, which he has failed in his pledge to change, such as the "kabuki dance" among political parties before serious policy discussions begin. His comments may be seen as vindication (证实) by critics who have accused him of appearing too detached (超然的), and being slow to engage in vital issues such as Libya and the near shutdown of the US government last week.

Since arriving at the White House in January 2009, Mr. Obama has already racked up 60 rounds of golf in office, more than George W Bush did in his eight years.

In terms of ability, Golf Digest magazine has ranked Mr. Obama eighth out of the 18 presidents who played the game since it became established in the early 20th century.

68. What can be inferred from the first paragraph about Barack Obama after he became U.S. 　 president?

　 A. He liked living a busy life.

　 B. He used to wash his car himself.

　 C. He used to spend most of his time with his family.

　 D. He is unhappy with being too frequently watched by the public.

69. Barack Obama’s explanation to playing golf is　　　　　 .

　 A. to keep fit　　　　　　　　　 　　 B. to enjoy life

　 C. to release his pressure　　　 　　　　 D. to balance his work

70. Which one of the following statements is from the critics?

　 A. The president is really a great golf player.

　 B. There are always unnecessary procedures among political parties.

　 C. The president lost a lot privacy, but he loves the life in the White House.

　 D. The president seems to have no interest in some really important issues.

71. According to the text, which of the following statements is true about Barack Obama?

　 A. He has lost privacy ever since he became president.

　 B. He regrets to become the U. S. president.

　 C. He couldn't play too much golf because of people being angry with him.

D. He is not good at playing golf compared with the other presidents who played golf.

   In the 1960s, Walt Disney pictured in the mind a future utopian(乌托邦的) city with underground roads and a climate-controlled round roof. The real community of Celebration, Florida, built in 1999, applies the social and environmental goals of both Disney and the New Urbanism movement.

Disney and the New Urbanism have imagined communities that promote social and local communication. Celebration has a central Market Street district to reduce traffic and encourage social contacts. The idea is that if the downtown area is neatly and closely ranked, people will walk and meet their neighbors. Downtown events like arts festivals also bring citizens together. Narrow, tree-lined streets are "traffic calm"—with slower speed limits—to encourage bicycling and walking.

   Moreover, housing in Celebration includes both single and multi-family houses that encourages socialization. Apartment buildings are located close to downtown, and houses are built close together with small yards. They feature entrance halls to encourage citizens to socialize.

   "Many aspects of that kind of design are really aimed at maximizing social communication between citizens, not just on the streets but also in community institutions that are very much a part of public life there," says Andrew Ross, a New York University professor who lived in Celebration for one year.

   Utopian communities such as Celebration are also designed with environmental protection in mind. The town itself is built on 4,900 acres surrounded by a 4,700 acre protected greenbelt. The greenbelt parks, and common areas accommodate native wildlife and animals.

   High-rise office and apartment buildings provide close office and living space in a small geographic area in order to reduce urban sprawl, the spread of today's cities onto nature areas.

Buildings also minimize environmental influence by using cooling; and electric systems with insulated glass, cooling towers, and energy-saving lamps.

   "The town more or less borrows very heavily from New Urbanist principles...to create environmentally friendly alternatives to sprawl and to create communities around people rather than vehicles," Ross said.

64. Celebration mentioned in the passage is a ___________ .

A. city offering living spaces                     B. downtown area with high buildings

C. special occasion in the market                  D. community promoting socialization

65. The purpose of holding art festivals mentioned in Paragraph 2 is to _________ .

A. exhibit art works                                     B. attract artists for profits

C. encourage communication                    D. reduce downtown traffic

66. The underlined word "sprawl" in Paragraph 6 may be replaced by "_________".

A. expansion             B. organization          C. restriction           D. exploration

67. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?B

Amazing Rafting Adventures

White water rafting is one of the classic, wild, activities in the outdoors. It is also an opportunity for an unbelievable family adventure. Around the country, there are several rivers—and rafting outfitters—that are perfectly suited to the entire family.

　　　 Here are three of the best:

New River Gorge, West Virginia

Rafting in West Virginia is renowned for its established infrastructure, reliability, and easy access. These things make it an obvious choice for a family vacation. Famous areas, including the New River Gorge, offer everything from lazy floats to intense Class IV runs.

READ MORE: Water Water Rafting: Top 5 U.S. Locations

Jackson Hole, Wyoming

Jackson Hole provides a full range of opportunities in the outdoors—and white water rafting is certainly one of them. Popular trips include the rough rapids of the Snake River and gentle floats in nearby Yellowstone National Park.

READ MORE: What You Need to Know Before Visiting Yellowstone National Park

Grand Canyon, Arizona

For really bold families, a multi-day trip down the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon is the penultimate adventure. Guided trips typically pack in boats-worth of supplies so the overnight adventures are far from “roughing it.” Instead, evenings are catered in a rugged luxury style, allowing everyone to rest up for the next day’s activities.

Whether looking for a casual float or a challenging adventure, white water rafting is a great option for any active family vacation.

60．What is the common feature of the 3 rafting adventures?

A．The three rafting rivers are all suitable for the whole family.

B．All three rafting rivers are weary to access and reliable.

C．All three rafting rivers are suitable for active families.

D．All three rafting rivers offer over night adventures.

61．If one family want to enjoy a multi-day white water rafting, where should they go?

A．New River Gorge, West Virginia 　 B．Jackson Hole, Wyoming

C．Grand Canyon, Arizona 　　　　　　　 D．Yellowstone National Park

62．Which of the following about Grand Canyon, Arizona is not true?

A．A multi-day trip down the Colorado River is really challenging.

B．Really bold families will like to have a multi-day trip down the river.

C．Everyone can rest up for the next day’s activities.

D．People can only enjoy the rough rapids down the river.

63．What is the author’s attitude to white water rafting?

A．Curious 　 B．Encouraging 　 C．Discouraging D．Negative

Being a senior student, I always think of my future．To be exact, the thoughts of the future have kept me up countless nights and made me worry enough to do poorly on more than one test. Because of this, words of wisdom are a source of comfort. Steve Jobs gave a speech to Stanford’s graduating class in 2005 and his words resound repeatedly in my mind whenever I think about my future.

It was not always like that, though．It started when I became a junior, when college cams into view．It's the first big step to making your life your own．So when Jobs discussed his life as a student, some fears were eased．He also felt the need to attend college to make something of himself．He faced what many are extremely afraid of: uncertainty．His lack of understanding paused him attending college and focus on what he felt was important．His story had a happy ending, of course, since he certainly turned out well．

This does not mean that students should not attend college, but rather that they should not worry so much．You'll get where you need to go, even if your path is a bit more winding than you'd like．

Jobs talked about the hardships in his work．His love of his work helped him carry on and he got where he was meant to be, which restates the point: don’t panic.

One particular part of his speech stayed with me．Steve Jobs quoted the saying "Stay hungry, stay foolish" and it has become my motto．Staying foolish is realizing that you are still a fool, no matter how much you have learned or experienced．There is always more to explore．Staying hungry is wanting to find those things about which you are still uneducated．

Steve Jobs's level of success is attainable, and I aim to prove that．With the will power to go into the world living every day like it and allowing the future to take care of itself, I will do great things．In the last moments of my Site, D! be proud of what I have done and hope to have all the wisdom a person could wish for．

56．The author felt worried when          .

       A．he had to take tests at school

       B．he thought about his future

       C．he had lots of sleepless nights

       D．he searched for words of wisdom

57．What did the author gain from Jobs’s speech?

       A．Courage to drop out of school.

       B．Confidence in defeating Jobs.

       C．Bravery to face uncertainties.

       D．Interest in computer industry.

58．Which of the following suggestions was NOT mentioned in Job’s speech?

       A．Having the desire to learn more．

       B．Being modest so as to learn more.

       C．Staying calm in the face of hardships．

       D．Being content with what they know．

　 Recently, a professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has 　36　 that how we deal with money in our day-to-day life has more meaning than we usually 37　 . One of the exercises he has asked his students to do is keep a 　38　 of every penny they spend for a week. From the 39　 they spend their money, they can see what they really 　40 in life.

　 The professor says our　 41 with others often becomes clearly defined when money enters the picture. You 42　 have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you are very good friends. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some 43 . If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems 44　 than ever before.　 45 it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn’t.

　 Since money is so important to us, we consider those who are 46　 to be very important. The professor　 47 some rich people in researching his book.

　 Question: What is the most　 48　 thing you have discovered about being rich?

　 Answer: The most surprising thing is why people give me so much 　49 . I am nothing. I don’t know much. All I am is rich.

People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it 　50 ? How much money do I need for any given 51　 in my life? In his book, the professor uncovered an important 　52　 in modern society: to bring back the idea that the money is an instrument 　53　 than the end. Money plays an important 　54　 in the material world, but 　 55 money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.

　 36. A. pointed　　 　　　 B. studied　 　　　 C. discovered　　 　　 D. noticed

　 37. A .imagine　 　　　　 B. think　 　　　　 C. recognize　　 　　　　 D. plan

　 38. A. secret　　 　　　 B. diary　 　 　　 C. promise　　　 　　 D. record

　 39. A. way　　　 　　　　　　 B. method　　 　　 C. opinion　　　　 　　 D. attitude

　 40. A. mean　　　 　　　 B. value　　 　　 C. get　　　　　 　　 D. make

　 41. A. work　　　 　　　 B. friendship　　 C. relation　　　 　　　 D. union

　 42. A. should　　 　　　 B. must　　　 　　 C. had to　　　　 　　 D. might

　 43. A. cars　　　 　　　　　　 B. books　　　 　 C. rooms　　　　 　 D. money

　 44. A. stronger　　 　　　　　　 B. weaker　　 　 C. worse　　　　 　　 D. looser

　 45. A. But　　　 　　　　 B. Otherwise　 　 C. And　　　　 　　　　 D. Then

　 46. A. rich　　　 　　　 B. poor　　　 　　 C. helpful　　　　　 D. ordinary

　 47. A. saw　　　 　　　 B. interviewed　 　 C. questioned　　 　　　　　　 D. knew

　 48. A. puzzling 　　　　　 B. disappointing　 C. surprising　　 　　　 D. interesting

　 49. A. worry　　 　　　 B. doubt　　　　 　　　 C. hate　　　　 　　　 D. respect

　 50. A. about　　 　　　　 B. against　　　 C. for　　　　 　　　　 D. at

　 51. A. achievement　　 B. result　　 　　 C. purpose　　　 　　　 　　　 D. success

　 52. A. need　　　 　　　 B. discovery　　 C. lack　　　　 　　　　　　 D. event

　 53. A. better　　　 　　 B. rather　　　　 C. more　　　 　　　　　 D. less

　 54. A. action　　　 　　 B. performance　 C. role　　　 　　　　　　 D. trick

　 55. A. demanding　　 　 B. hoping　　 　C. getting　　　 　　　 D. expecting

—How much do I owe you for the beautiful dress?

— _______. It’s a gift for your birthday.

A. Forget it　　　 B. My pleasure　　 C. Think nothing of it　 D. It's for free

 —Do you think the weather will be all right this summer?

 —No, _____ we are lucky. The newspaper says it'll be very hot anyway.

       A. if             B. though           C. unless             D. as

After months of a frustrating voyage on the rough sea, they eventually came to they called their “promised land”.

A. where　　　　 B. what　　　　　　 C. how　　　　　 　 D. which