阅读理解

　　Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems．For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants(居民)of a country．If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy．They began to dislike tourists and to treat impolitely．They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy．It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them．Tourism should help a country keep customs and beauty that attract tourism．Tourism should also advance the well-being(health and happiness)of local inhabitants．

　　Too much tourism can be a problem．If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in tourism Industry．This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer．

　　On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs．Business can also lose money．It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads, and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions．For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build．If this room is not sued most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money．

　　Building a hotel is just a beginning．There must be support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers(下水道)to handle waste, and water．All of these support facilities cost money．If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost．

阅读理解

　　In 1492, Columbus sailed the Atlantic Ocean．Up to that time, men from central Europe did not dare to sail west across the sea．Sailors were back because they feared many dangers．Their maps showed the unexplored(未探明的)parts of the world as dangers and frightening．

　　In those days, the men who made maps did not know what the world was really like．They used their imagination．They showed the earth as a large circle with Europe and Asia in the centre．Around the edges of the circle, they showed swamps, deserts, and the oceans and one-eyed men and terrible monsters were supposed to live there．

　　The ocean itself was called the sea of Darkness．Sailors believed that if they sailed far north they would reach mountains made of ice．They thought that far south the ocean turned into fire and boiling water．They were afraid to sail east or west．They thought they would fall off the earth．

　　A sailor had to face some dangers that were quite real．At that time, ships were not made with metal as they are today．Shipsworms could attack a boat’s wooden planking．A sailing vessel might be built soundly but be eaten through．It might go to pieces at sea and sink．

阅读理解

　　Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space．The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural difference, not an economic one．Knowing your own psychological space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home．If you were brought up in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, the chances are, if you have two children or more, that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them．In America, for example, they train people to want to have their own rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies．This is very rare in the world．In many other countries, the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a bed near them．

　　The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs．Some families gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it．Others have separate little corners where family members go to be alone．

　　Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons, they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressures．It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs．

阅读理解

　　The Great Pyramid lies on the bank of the River Nile, not far from Cairo．It has over 2 300 000 blocks(大块)of stone．These huge stone blocks weigh an average(平均)of two and a half tons, as much as a small car．Some even weigh fifteen tons．Without machinery, the Egyptians cut and lifted each of these stones．Many of the blocks came from the east bank of the Nile, and they were taken across the river in boats at flood time．It took over 100 000 slaves twenty years to build the Great Pyramid．

　　It’s over 450 feet high today, and it was once higher．Its base covers thirteen acres(英亩)．Each of the sides is 755 feet long．It takes about twenty minutes to walk around it．Now after many years, the shining surface(表面)of it is worn away and men have taken some of the stone blocks to build other things．Thieves have stolen the treasures(财宝)，and they have stolen the body of the king, Khufu himself．

阅读理解

　　A university graduate described as a “respectable and intelligent” woman is seeking professional help after being convicted of(证明有……罪)shoplifting for the second time in six months．

　　Aha Luz, recently studying for PhD has been told she could end up behind bars unless she can control the desire to steal from shops．

　　Luz, who lives with her partner in Fitzwilliam Road, Cambridge, admitted stealing clothes worth 9.95 pounds from John Lewis in Oxford Street, London, on March 9．

　　Phillip Lomoyne, prosecuting(起诉), said Luz selected some clothes from display and took them to the ladies’ toilet in the store, when she came out again she was wearing one of the skirts she had selected, having taken off the anti-theft security alarm．

　　She was stopped and caught after leaving the store without paying, Mr．Lomoyne said．

　　He added that she was upset on her arrest and apologized for her actions．

　　Luz, 28, was said to have been convicted of shoplifting by Cambridge judges last October, but Morag Duff, defending said she had never been in trouble with the police before this．

　　“She is ashamed and embarrassed but doesn’t really have any explanation why she did this, ” Miss Duff said．“She didn’t intend to steal when she went into the store．She is at a loss to explain it．She is otherwise a very respectable and intelligent young lady．She went to her doctor and asked for advice because she wants to know if there is something in particular that caused her to do this．”

　　Judge David Azan fined Luz 50 pounds, and warned：“You have got a criminal record．If you carry on like this, you will end up in prison, which will ruin your bright future you may have．”

　　Luz achieved a degree in design at university in her native Spain, went on to a famous university in Berlin, Germany for her master’s degree and is now studying for a PhD at Cambridge University, UK．

阅读理解

　　Discover

　　News magazine of science devoted to the wonders and stories of modern science, written for the educated general reader．Published by Disney Magazine Publishing Co．Discover tells many of the same stories professionals read in Scientific American．A truly delightful family science magazine, each issue(每期)brings to light new and newsworthy topics to make dinnertime and water-cooler conversations interesting．

　　Cover Price：＄59.88

　　Price：＄19.95(＄1.66/issue)

　　You Save：＄39.93(67％)

　　Issues：12 issues/12 months

　　Self

　　Published by Conde Nast Publications Inc．, Self is a handbook devoted to women’s overall physical and mental health．Every issue contains usable articles such as “Style Lab”, in which wearable clothes are mixed and matched on non-models and the “Eat-right Road Map”, with tips on how to eat properly．

　　Cover Price：＄35.86

　　Price：＄15.00(＄1.5/issue)

　　You Save：＄20.86(58％)

　　Issues：10 issues/12 months

　　Instyle

　　Instyle is a guide to the lives and lifestyles of the world’s famous people．The magazine covers the choices people make about their homes, their clothes and their free time activities．With photos and articles, it opens the door to these people’s homes, families, parties and weddings, offering ideas about beauty, fitness and in general, lifestyles．

　　Publisher：The Time Inc．Magazine Company

　　Cover Price：＄47.88

　　Price：＄23.88(＄2.38/issue)

　　You Save：＄24.00(50％)

　　Issues：10 issues/12 months

　　Wired

　　This magazine is designed for leaders in the field of information engineering including top managers and professionals in the computer, business, design and education industries．Published by Conde Nast Publications Inc．Wired often carries articles on how technology changes people’s lives．

　　Cover Price：＄59.40

　　Price：＄10.00(＄1.00/issue)

　　You Save：＄49.40(83％)

　　Issues：10 issues/12 months

阅读理解

　　Lipstick plays an important role in attraction and can even protect the lips from drying out in harsh weather．No wonder it’s the most important thing in a women’s cosmetics(化妆品)bag．

　　Colouring the lips is certainly not a new idea．It was practiced as early as 3500 B．C．

　　In the past, a natural dye was used to paint lips．It was not until the 17th century that lipstick manufacturing really took off．The lipstick was made of mixtures that included pig fat and red sandalwood．It was kept in tiny pots and applied with a colouring stick．

　　Lipstick was invented and first presented by Parisian perfumeries(香料商)in Amsterdam．But these “little red sausages” were less than practical．They were wrapped in silk paper and the ends had to be broken off before each use．They also did not come cheap．

　　Over the years the sticks became less expensive and new colours were developed, but it was not until 1950 that lipstick accidentally was reinvented－this time by the Americans．

　　Today there are so many types of lipsticks and shades that it is hard to keep track of them．Faced with many choices in the cosmetic departments, it is easy to forget that there is a whole science to manufacturing them．

　　The basic materials are colours, oils and waxes．But they can contain up to 30 different materials．Lipstick manufactures have to achieve a careful balance．“You need a thicker oil to make the lipstick last longer, but a thinner one to make it easy to apply, ” says Comelis Riedel, product developer at Nivea Beaute in Hamburg．

　　Different oils also provide protection for lips, preventing them from drying up．The waxes used in lipsticks must strike the right balance between strength and elasticity(弹性)．And up to nine different colouring matters could be needed to find the right shade．

　　No one today need fear dangerous materials in lipsticks．A study by a leading German consumer organization found dangerous materials such as lead or cadmium, are hardly a problem any more－even in the cheapest products．

　　Today, the question is whether to choose between a conventional lipstick or the newer, long-lasting variety．

阅读理解

　　If it takes Kate twenty seconds to add 12 and 26, while Terry can do the sum in a quarter the time on his pocket calculator, how much better grades will Terry get than Kate in the math exam?

　　Pocket calculators are as cheap to buy as a pair of shoes, and as necessary to thousands of school children as a pencil and eraser．Schools have tried to limit their use by allowing them in science lessons to save time but by not allowing them to be used in math classes．When children do their homework, a pocket calculator is a must．Nowadays in Britain, calculators can be used freely in school examinations and already in many schools．The only sound to be heard during a mathematics examination is the sound of children tapping out their answers．

　　Many parents feel that their children are not being given a basic understanding of the facts of math．“The process of addition, division, subtraction and multiplication is part of training in logic which is important for every child．It teaches them to take series of steps necessary in coming to a conclusion, ”says local math teacher．“With a calculator, the child can reach the right answer, but has no idea at all how he gets there．”Another teacher in the same school disagreed．“Of course the children understand the principles behind what they do on the calculators．It makes no difference to the mental processes they go through, except to make them much faster and less boring．”“It’s far easier to teach them to grasp the idea of division and multiplication by making them understand which button then need to push than to talk about apples being cut in pieces, ”said another teacher, who uses the calculators to keep the interest of his class．

　　In any case, the pocket calculator is here to stay；it’s taking the strain(过度疲劳)out of mental arithmetic in all sorts of ways…

阅读理解

　　Things always seem different from its normal times to people when he or she is not feeling well．Perhaps，many of us know this rule，but we do not care about it．At such times，things make life hard for people in little ways．For example，when I am not in good condition，I can never find the things I need．To my surprise，it seems that the things I need have moved from all the places where I expect to find them．If I need something，I can never find it quickly．

　　Sometimes when we are not well，we will find that boxes become heavier when lifting them，that doors don’t want to open much more easily when trying opening them，that wind becomes even colder when facing it，that the sun becomes much hotter when under it，that cars don’t run better when driving it and the distances are longer than they were when we felt fine．

　　Why does it happen?The things around us usually do what they should do as long as we are well and strong．But when we aren’t in good condition，things often tell us that they are really not our friends but our enemies．It is wrong．In fact，everything keeps the same．Only because we are disturbed by the bad mood，we get the wrong feeling that everything is in the opposite direction against us．If we keep calm in the bad times，things will be the same as usual．

Time(minutes)：________

Words：300

Speed(per minute)________

Rate(％)：________

　　Recently there has been something of a recovery in cycling, and in many areas it is a very useful way of getting around, especially where bike routes have been built．You may well want to buy, hire or borrow a bike．

　　There are two important results of this earlier drop in cycling in the USA．One is that many people do not know how to cycle．That is, cyclists often behave more like walkers than motorists：they ride in the sidewalk or on the wrong side of the road; they do not care for stop signs or traffic lights; they ride without lights at night; they give no signals．

　　The other result is that cycling is regarded by many people not so much as a way of getting from one place to another but as way of life, a form of exercises, etc．As a result, large numbers of young Americans have ten-speed racing bikes．These are very high and fast and great if you are cycling long distance, riding up mountains or racing．At first, though, you may find them convenient for cycling in town, sightseeing or shopping－they are expensive, uncomfortable and hard to control until you get used to them, and unsuitable for rough stony roads．

　　There are also ordinary bikes around．If you get hold of one of these, you may find that brakes work by pedaling(踩踏板)backwards．This is perhaps safer than ordinary brakes when it is wet, but it seems to be less effective．This arrangement also means you can’t pedal backwards in order to get the pedal in the right place for getting off．