第10讲

一、Language points

1.  in other words=in another word:换句话说

in a word=in one word:总而言之

have a word with=have a few words with:和…说几句话

have words with:与…争论

2.  can never…too…

    can not…too…   无论怎样…也不过分,越…越好

3.  as+adj/adv(原级)+as possible=as…as one can: 尽可能…

4.  appreciate +n/doing

    appreciate +it+ that-clause(真宾)

5.         to do/doing

   intend+  sb to do

           that-clause(虚拟语气)

intend…    +  as…: 打算(使)…成为…

be intended     for…:(为…而)准备

6.  marry sb to sb

be/get married to sb

marry sb

be/get married to sb with sth

7.  部分否定句:all, both, every, everyone, everything等总概括词与否定词not连用时,表示部分否定,意思是“并非…都…”。

8.  make up:化妆,编造,组成(部分组成整体),占…(比例)

be made up of:一个整体是由几个部分组成

=be composed of

=consist of

make up for:弥补

9.  in(out of) condition/in good(bad) condition:情况良好(糟糕)

    On/upon condition that(引导条件状从):如果…,在…条件下

10.          vi.: 受苦,受害,受损失

               He suffered a lot during the war.

suffer     Your reputation will suffer.

            vt.:遭受,容忍,耐住

                He is suffering the loss of his wife.

                These plants cannot suffer a cold winter.

     suffer from: 患…病,受…之苦

                Last week I suffered from a bad cold.

                His hometown suffered from heavy floods in 1998.

二、语法专题──定语从句的解题方法

1. 通读全句,判断是否为定语从句。

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2. 题干若为疑问句,将其恢复为陈述语序。

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3. 认真分析句中所提供的信息,确定定语从句的类型,是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。

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4. 确定从句中所缺的成分,从而做出正确的选择。

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5. 将选项填入句子中,看语意是否通顺。

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6. 在此过程中,还要注意标点符号的位置,以及并列连词but, and的作用。

根据文化背景常识:①利用英语国家的文化背景知识,英语国家的文化背景知识包括英语国家的风俗习惯、历史事件、地理位置等。我们做题时若能积极调动自己的文化背景知识,注意中西文化各方面存在的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,选出正确的答案。②结合生活常识,避免常识性错误。完形填空文章的内容经常与日常生活相关,因此当我们对语言的把握不准确时,可充分利用社会知识和科普常识来帮助判断,这就要求我们平时既要多体验生活,又要博览群书。

例1:      Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. They are very busy working to   support   the family. They don’t act in the  romantic  ways that I read in books or I se on TV.      Flowers to each other on Valentine’s Day is even more out of the question.

A. Taking            B. Passing           C. Buying            D. Sending

[分析]利用文化背景知识解答。众所周知,Valentine’s Day为西方国家的情人节,这一天情人之间、夫妻之间一般是要互送鲜花来庆祝的。因此借助这一文化背景知识很快可以选出答案。

例2:Roberta appeared on the stage. She took a deep breath and began to  speak . Now she was Portia, a strong-willed        in Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice. The theatre was filled with people. She was speaking with a power she had never before experienced, the words flowing  smoothly  from her.

A. member          B. actress             C. player              D. character

[分析]本题考查文化背景知识。莎士比亚为英国文学巨匠,他的作品人们耳熟能详,尤其是《威尼斯商人》更是广为人知。其中主要人物有乐于助人的安东尼奥,贪婪自私的夏洛克,还有机智、漂亮的鲍西亚。根据文意可知此题答案。

例3:Fire stations are strangely exciting places. In the normal course of events the great doors are shut, and behind them, the fire-engines wait peacefully, brightly cleaned and lovingly cared for. But the  moment  the fire alarm sounds, the huge doors open immediately and the firemen come       .

A. fleeing            B. laughing                   C. jumping          D. rushing

[分析]考查生活常识。每当有火警的时候消防队员都是快速出动,此处用rushing表示方式,修饰come。Fleeing“逃逸”,laughing“笑”,jumping“跳”,均与语境不符。

例4:It was New Year’s night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep____ sky.

A. grey                B. blue                 C. black               D. cloudy

[分析]考查生活常识。晚上天空的颜色一般是深蓝色。

         It was a bright Saturday morning in the late fall. I had stopped at a café to enjoy a cup of coffee and__1__ the morning newspaper. Suddenly, I__2__ a hand on the back of my jacket and heard someone say, “Hey Steve! How ya doin’?”

         __3__ up, I saw a boy wearing a mechanic’s uniform worn by employees of the gasoline station next to the café. He looked__4__, but, at first, I was unable to__5__ where we had met.

         He also held a cup of coffee, so I asked him to join me. Very soon, his__6__ and probably my coffee began to thaw(解冻) out my__7__.

         Five years earlier, he had been traveling home late on a February night. A fierce__8___ had arrived that afternoon, and by midnight, the snowdrifts were getting__9___. He recalled__10__ a drift just down the road from my house.

         He had walked to my house for__11__. I had taken my pickup and a tow-rope and__12__ his car out of the snowdrift and up to the highway where maintenance(维护) trucks had__13___ away the snow.

         This has been a__14__ occurrence here during the winter. I cannot__15__ the times someone has also pulled my car from a snowdrift.

         ___16__, it was an unforgettable experience for him, and his memory of our unexpected meeting in a snowstorm__17__ my entire day.

         Leo Buscaglia wrote, “Too often we underestimate(低估) the__18_ of a touch, a smile, a kind word, a listening ear, an honest compliment(赞扬), or the smallest act of__19__, all of which have the potential to turn a__20__ around.”

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三、题型归纳──完形填空的解题要决三

1. A. preview       B. scan                C. order               D. buy

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2. A. noticed        B. got                  C. caught             D. felt

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3. A. Looking      B. Standing         C. Rising             D. Glaring

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4. A. sensitive      B. friendly           C. familiar           D. grateful

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5. A. reflect          B. determine        C. regain              D. recall

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6. A. story           B. experience       C. appearance      D. greetings

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7. A. heart            B. feeling             C. memory          D. wonder

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8. A. sandstorm   B. snowstorm      C. hurricane         D. rainfall

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9. A. high            B. slippery           C. thin                 D. deep

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10. A. blocking    B. hitting             C. knocking         D. crashing

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11. A. help           B. advice             C. emergency      D. shelter

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12. A. pulled        B. dragged           C. pushed            D. dug

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13. A. collected    B. cleared            C. threw              D. melted

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14. A. basic         B. common                   C. forgettable       D. practical

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15. A. count         B. keep                C. master             D. predict

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16. A. Besides     B. Therefore        C. However         D. Otherwise

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17. A. covered     B. influenced       C. brightened       D. filled

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18. A. meaning    B. relation            C. value               D. power

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19. A. caring        B. offering           C. sharing            D. forgiving

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20. A. course       B. fate                  C. truth                D. life

         本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者在咖啡馆里喝咖啡的时候,遇到了自己曾经在风雪之夜帮助过的一个年轻人。作者已经记不起对方了,但年轻人对作者给予的帮助却多年不忘。这使作者意识到一个善意的举动有多么大的力量。

1-5 BDACD       6-10 ACBDB      11-15 AABBA    16-20 CCDAD

 

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