Mom was right！If you say thank you，for even the smallest gift or slightest show of kindness，you’ll feel happy.

Gratitude(感谢)，says Robert A．Emmons，a professor of psychology at the University of California，is an important element of happiness.In his recent book，Thanks！，Emmons uses the first major study on gratitude to prove mom’s point.In acknowledging and developing this much?ignored expression of thankfulness，he explains how people have benefited—even improved their health.

As one of the leading scholars of the positive psychology movement，he admits gratitude may be difficult to express.He advises you to begin by admitting that life is good and full of events and elements that make daily existence a wonder.Second，recognize that the source of life’s goodness is more than just you.That source may be your mom，a friend，partner，child，colleague at work or play，or any combination of these.

Gratitude is always other?directed，notes Emmons.You can be pleased or angry with yourself and feel guilty about doing something wrong，but you can never be grateful to or for yourself.

Expressing gratitude shouldn’t be a reaction；it should be a state of mind.To feel grateful when life is a breeze and you have more than you need is easy.To feel grateful in time of crisis—anger，hatred and bitterness—is easier.Also，too many people are aware of life’s blessings only after these are lost.The voices expressing gratitude from his studies of individuals are many.

It’s crisis and chaos—danger，disease，disability and death—that bring many individuals to realize just how dependent they are on others.Yet it’s the way each of us begins life and ends it.It’s too bad that so many people waste those decades in between labouring under the illusion(幻觉) they are self?sufficient，says Emmons.

To enable and embrace gratitude，Emmons encourages the readers of Thanks! to keep a gratitude diary.He even provides easy?to?follow directions on how to practise and develop gratitude.

I’m not a reader or advocate of self?help books，but I am thankful for the reference I found in a newspaper article to the research Emmons was conducting on gratitude involving organ donors and recipients(接受者)．The chance discovery led me to this book.

Mom implied that kindness seems to find its way back to the giver because life really is all about giving，receiving and repaying.So I’ll pay attention to her professional advice and say：Thank you，professor Emmons.

1. What is the text mainly discussed?

A．There are many ways of being thankful.

B．Gratitude is important to happiness.

C．Mom is great for her being thankful.

D．Being thankful will keep you fit.

2. The author mentions Robert A．Emmons’book Thanks! in order to prove that ________.

A．Professor Emmons supports mom’s study on psychology

B．mom is as great a psychologist as Professor Emmons

C．Professor Emmons is a famous psychologist

D．mom is right about her viewpoint on gratitude

3. It will be easier for you to feel grateful when ______.

A．you live a comfortable life

B．you receive gifts on your birthday

C．you get help during your hard times

D．you are congratulated on your success

4.What is the opinion of Professor Emmons?

A．It is enough to thank others orally.

B．Whether you are thankful is always up to you.

C．Remember to be thankful anytime and anywhere.

D．It is easier to be thankful for yourself than for others.

When he was driving home one evening on a country road，he saw an old lady on the side of the road．He 36 in front of her ear and got out．Even with the 37 on his face，she Was worried．He looked poor and hungry．He knew 38 she felt．He said，“I am here to help you，madam．Why don't you wait in the ear where it's warm? 39 ，my name is Joe.”

She had a 40 tire．Joe crawled under the ear，changed the tire．But he got 41 and his hands hurt．She could not thank him 42 and asked him how much she 43 him．He told her that if she really wanted to 44 him back，the next time she saw, someone who needed help，she could give that person the 45 they needed．

She drove off．A few miles down the road the lady saw a small 46 .She went in. The waitress had a sweet smile，and was nearly eight months 47 ．The old lady 48 how someone like her who seemed poor could be so kind to a 49 ．Then she remembered Joe．After the lady finished her meal．the waitress went to get her 50 from a hundred—dollar bill．But she stepped right out the door．

when the waitress came back，she noticed something 51 on a napkin(餐巾纸)，“I am helping you because someone once helped me．If you really want to pay me back．here's what you do—Do not let the 52 of love end with you.”

That night when she got home，she was 53 the money and what the lady had written. She and her husband needed money with the baby 54 ．next month．She knew how worried her bus band was and as he lay 55 next to her，she whispered，“Everything's going to be all right，I love you，Joe．”

36．A．stood　 　　　 B．drove　 　　　 C．stopped 　　　　　　　　 D．waved

37．A．anxiety　 　　 B．surprise　 　 C．sorrow 　　　　　　　　 D．smile

38．A．why　 　　　　 B．how　 　　　　 C．what 　　　　　　　　　　 D．whether

39．A．By the way　 B．In addition 　　 C．By chance 　　　　　　 D．In return

40．A．poor　 　　　　 B．flat　 　　　　　　 C．round 　　　　　　　　　 D．used

41．A．excited　 　　 B．thirsty　 　　　 C．satisfied 　　　　　　　 D．dirty

42．A．much　 　　　　　　 B．however　 　 C．enough 　　　　　　　　 D．further

43．A．returned　 　 B．1ent　 　　　　 C．owed 　　　　　　　　　 D．appreciated

44．A．take　 　　　　 B．pay　 　　　　　 C．hold 　　　　　　　　　　 D．charge

45．A．assistance　 B．money　 　　 C．expense 　　　　　　　 D．ability

46．A．store　 　　　 B．hospital　 　　 C．cinema 　　　　　　　　 D．restaurant

47．A．elder　 　　　　 B．experienced 　 C．pregnant 　　　　　　　 D．served

48．A．imagined　 　 B．doubted　 　 C．wondered 　　　　　　 D．expected

49．A．woman　　 　 B．customer　 C．tourist 　　　　　　　　　 D．stranger

50．A．receipt　 　　 B．change　 　　 C．payment 　　　　　　　 D．check

51．A．written　 　　 B．printed　 　　 C．drawn　 　　　　　　　 D．copied

52．A．chain 　　　　　　 B．relation　 　　 C．devotion 　　　　　　　 D．story

53．A．putting away B．thinking about C．turning in　 　　　　 D．looking after

54．A．ahead　 　　　 B．extra　 　　　　 C．front 　　　　　　　　　　 D．due

55．A．sleeping　 　 B．chatting　 　 C．arguing　 　　　　　 D．drinking

When he was driving home one evening on a country road，he saw an old lady on the side of the road. He      36     in front of her car and got out. Even with the       37      on his face, she was worried. He looked poor and hungry. He knew       38      she felt. He said，“I am here to help you， madam. Why don’t you wait in the car where it’s warm?      39     ， my name is Joe.”

She had a       40      tire. Joe crawled under the car，changed the tire. But he got       41      and his hands hurt. She could not thank him       42      and asked him how much she       43      him. He told her that if she really wanted to       44      him back，the next time she saw someone who needed help，she could give that person the       45      they needed.

She drove off. A few miles down the road the lady saw a small       46     . She went in. The waitress had a sweet smile， and was nearly eight months

      47     . The old lady       48      how someone like her who seemed could be so kind to a       49    . Then she remembered Joe. After the lady finished her meal， the waitress went to get her       50      from a hundred-dollar bill. But she stepped right out the door.

When the waitress came back，she noticed something       51      on a napkin（餐巾纸），“I am helping you because someone once helped me. If you really want to pay me back，here’s what you do—Do not let the       52      of love end with you.”

That night when she got home，she was       53      the money and what the lady had written. She and her husband needed money with the  baby      54      next month. She knew how worried her husband was，and as he lay       55      next to her，she whispered, “Everything’s going to be all right， I love you， Joe.”

36. A. stood         B. drove          C. stopped        D. waved

37. A. anxiety       B. surprise       C. sorrow            D. smile

38. A. why        B. how            C. what              D. whether

39. A. By the way B. In addition    C. By chance         D. In return

40. A. poor          B. flat           C. round             D. used

4l. A. excited       B. thirsty    C. satisfied         D. dirty

42. A. much          B. however    C. enough            D. further

43. A. returned      B. lent           C. owed              D. appreciated

44. A. take          B. pay            C. hold              D. charge

45. A. assistance B. money          C. expense        D. ability

46. A. store         B. hospital       C. cinema            D. restaurant

47. A. elder         B. experienced    C. pregnant          D. served

48. A. imagined      B. doubted    C. wondered          D. expected

49. A. woman         B. customer       C. tourist        D. stranger

50. A. receipt       B. change         C. payment        D. check

5l. A. written       B. printed    C. drawn             D. copied

52. A. chain         B. relation       C. devotion          D. story

53. A. putting away B. thinking about   C. turning in        D. looking after

54. A. ahead         B. extra          C. front             D. due

55. A. sleeping      B. chatting       C. arguing        D. drinking

I was in a strange city and I didn't know the city at all and what is more，I could not speak a word of the language. After having spent my first day in the town-centre，I decided to lose my way on my second day, since I believed that this was the simplest way of getting to know the strange city.
I got on the first bus that passed, rode on it for several stops then got it off and walked on. The first two hours passed pleasantly enough. Then I decided to turn back to my hotel for lunch. After walking about for some time, I decided I had better ask the way. The trouble was that the only word I knew of the language was the name of the street in which I lived and even then I pronounced it badly.
I stopped to ask a friendly-looking newspaper-seller. He smiled and handed me a paper. I shook my head and repeated the name of the street and he put the paper into my hands. I had to give him some money and went on my way. The next person I asked was a policeman. The policeman listened to me carefully, smiled and gently took me by the arm. There was a strange look in his eyes as he pointed left and right and left again. I thanked him politely and began walking in the direction he pointed.
About an hour passed and I noticed that the houses were getting fewer and fewer and green fields were appearing on either side of me. I had come all the way into the countryside.
The only thing left for me to do was to find the nearest railway station,
【小题1】The writer believed that if you wanted to get to know a strange city         .

I was in a strange city and I didn't know the city at all and what is more，I could not speak a word of the language. After having spent my first day in the town-centre，I decided to lose my way on my second day, since I believed that this was the simplest way of getting to know the strange city.
I got on the first bus that passed, rode on it for several stops then got it off and walked on. The first two hours passed pleasantly enough. Then I decided to turn back to my hotel for lunch. After walking about for some time, I decided I had better ask the way. The trouble was that the only word I knew of the language was the name of the street in which I lived and even then I pronounced it badly.
I stopped to ask a friendly-looking newspaper-seller. He smiled and handed me a paper. I shook my head and repeated the name of the street and he put the paper into my hands. I had to give him some money and went on my way. The next person I asked was a policeman. The policeman listened to me carefully, smiled and gently took me by the arm. There was a strange look in his eyes as he pointed left and right and left again. I thanked him politely and began walking in the direction he pointed.
About an hour passed and I noticed that the houses were getting fewer and fewer and green fields were appearing on either side of me. I had come all the way into the countryside.
The only thing left for me to do was to find the nearest railway station,

1. 1.

   The writer believed that if you wanted to get to know a strange city         

   1. A.
      you should go everywhere on foot
   2. B.
      you should have a map
   3. C.
      you should ask people the way
   4. D.
      you should get lost
2. 2.

   The newspaper-seller ________

   1. A.
      could understand what he said
   2. B.
      didn't know what he said
   3. C.
      laughed at him
   4. D.
      didn't want to take the money
3. 3.

   The writer's real trouble was that            

   1. A.
      he couldn't speak the language
   2. B.
      he followed the policeman's direction
   3. C.
      he took the wrong bus
   4. D.
      he left the town-centre
4. 4.

   The policeman        

   1. A.
      didn't help him
   2. B.
      pointed at him
   3. C.
      didn't understand what he really meant
   4. D.
      didn’t know the way