情态动词用法例句 must 表示“必须.应该之意.语气比should.ought to强烈.其否定形式mustn’t——青夏教育精英家教网—

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情态动词	用法	例句
must	表示“必须，应该”之意，语气比should，ought to强烈。其否定形式mustn’t表示“不准，不应该，禁止”等意	1．　 You must come to school on time. 2．　 Everybody must obey the law. 3．　 You mustn’t drive so fast in the street. 4．　 We mustn’t waste any more time.
在回答带有must的问句时，否定回答常用needn’t或don’t have to，表示“不必”，而不用mustn’t	1．-Must I come back before ten? 　 -Yes，you must.(No, you needn’t)
表示有把握的推测，意为“一定、准是、相必”，只用于肯定句中	1．　 It must be my mother. 2．　 You must be hungry after a walk. 3．　 There must be a hole in the wall.
have to 　 have to	“必须，不得不”，意义与must相近。但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。	1．　 The film is not interesting. I really must go now. 2．　 I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital.
must只有一种形式，即现在式与过去式都是一种形式，而have to则涉及各种人称、时态等方面的变化形式。	1．I had to work hard when I was your age. 2．I will have to learn how to use a computer. 3．In order to take the exam, we’ll have to finish the whole book by the end of this month .
两者的否定意义不同，mustn’t表示“禁止，不许”，don’t have to表示不必。	1．　 You mustn’t go there. 2．　 You don’t have to go there.

试题详情

情态动词	用法	例句
may/might	表示允许、许可。否定回答一般用must not/mustn’t,表示“禁止、阻止”之意，但也可以用had better not (最好别)或may not(不可以)，语气较为委婉。	1．　 May I come in and wait? 2．　 --May I smoke here? --No, you mustn’t(或No, you’d better not.)
在表示请求、允许时，might比may语气更委婉些。用May I征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气，在日常用语中，用Can I征询对方意见更为常见。	1．　 Might I borrow your pen? 2．　 I wonder if I might speak to your son.
表示可能性的推测，通常用在肯定句和否定句中，含有“或许”“大概”“可能”之意；用might代替may时，则语气显得更加不肯定。	1．　 It may rain this afternoon. 2．　 She might come to join us this afternoon. 3．　 I suppose he might have missed the train.
may用于祈使句表示祝愿	1．　 May you succeed. 2．　 Long may he live! 愿他能持续住下去。 3．　 May you have many more days as happy as this one. 4．　 May she rest in peace.愿她安息。
惯用句式： “may well+ 动词原形”，意为“完全能，很可能”，相当于to be very likely to 　 “may as well或might(just)as well+动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于“had better或there is no reason to do anything else.	1．　 It may well change forever the way you look at Greek art. 2．　 There may well be a real problem here. 3．　 There is nothing to do, so I may as well go to bed. 4．　 You may as well tell us now, we’ll find out sooner or later. 5．　 I suppose we might as well go home. 6．　 And if you have to plough the field anyway, you might as well plant it at the same time.

试题详情

情态动词	用法	例句
can/could	表示能力	1．“I don’t think Mike can type.” “Yes, he can.” 2．I can speak fluent English now , but I couldn’t last year.
在肯定句中，表示客观可能性，并不涉及具体某事会发生，常用来说明人或事物的特征。要表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时，不用can，需用could，may，might。	1．　 As a human being, anyone can make a mistake. 2．　 I’m confident that a solution can be found. 3．　 He can be very forgetful sometimes. 4．　 I may stay at home this weekend.(实际可能性) 5．　 Peter might come to join us.(实际可能性) 6．　 It will be sunny in the daytime ,but it could rain tonight.(实际可能性)
表示请求和允许。表示请求，口语中常用could代替can，使语气更委婉。	1．　 Can we turn the air conditioner on? 2．　 Any police officer can insist on seeing a driver’s license. 3．　 In soccer, you can’t touch the ball with your hands. 4．　 Could you have her call me back when she gets home, please? 5．　 I wonder if I could just ask you to sign this.
表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测，主要用在否定句和疑问句中。	1．　 It can’t be easy caring for a man and a child who are not your own. 2．　 Can the man over there be our head master?
表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用在否定句、疑问句和感叹句中。	1．　 Can this be an excuse for not giving them help? 2．　 This can’t be true. 3．　 How can you be so crazy.

特别说明：

(1)　　　 could用来表示请求时，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不能用于肯定句，答语应用can(即：could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中)。如：

--Could I use your dictionary?

--Yes, you can.(否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.)

(2)　　　　　 can和be able to辨析

can(could)和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to则有更多的形式。如：

I’ve always wanted to able to speak fluent English.

Those bags look really heavy, are you sure you’ll be able to carry them on your own?

但是，表示在过去某时的某一场合经过一番努力，终于做成了某事，通常不用could，而用was/were able to来表示。这时，was/were able to相当于managed to do或succeed in doing。如：

After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again.

The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from the building.

(3) 　惯用形式“cannot …too…”表示“无论怎么……也不(过分)”。如：

　　　 You cannot be too careful.你越小心越好。

　　　惯用形式“cannot but+ 不定式(不带to)”表示“不得不，只好”。如：

　　　 I cannot but admire her determination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。

试题详情

请你以“My ambition” 为题写一篇作文。要求：时态正确，前后连贯，不少于60词。

My ambition

　 My ambition is to be a good art teacher. I will teach students to draw what they like. I will make my art lessons interesting and funny. Every student likes me and I can make friends with them.

　 And I want to live in Beijing in the future, I will have a happy family when I’m older, and I will have many good friends . I will be very happy with them.

(一)have to 的用法　

(1)have to 与动词原形一起构成谓语，它可用于多种时态，有人称和数的变化。在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，要用has to,其余人称用have to;一般过去时中用had to;一般将来时中用will have to.

(2)比较have to和must:　

① 两词都是'必须'的意思，have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要。

　　My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.

　我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)

　 He said that they must work hard.

　他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)

② have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。

　He had to look after his sister yesterday.His parents were out.

③ 在否定结构中： don't have to　表示"不必"； mustn't　　表示"禁止"。

　　You don't have to tell him about it.　你不一定要把此事告诉他。