题目列表(包括答案和解析)
3. She likes to have friends who are______ (difference) from her.
2. Most of the______ (kid) are very lovely.
A)用所给词的适当形式填空。(10分)
1. He enjoys______ (tell) jokes.
|
情态动词 |
用法 |
例句 |
|
will/would |
用于表示意志或意愿。will指现在,would指过去。 |
1. He is the man who will go
his own way. (他首歌自行其是的人。) 2. They said they would meet us at 10:30 at the station. |
|
表示请求、建议等,用would比用will委婉、客气。 |
1. Will you please take a
message for him? 2. Would you please tell me your telephone number? |
|
|
表示习惯或倾向,意为“总是,惯于”。will至现在,would指过去。 |
1. Fish will die without water. 2. People will talk. (人们总会说闲话。) 3. When we worked in the same office, we would often have coffee together. |
|
|
表示推测,意为“很可能,大概”。will表示推测比should把握大,比must把握小。 |
1. These things will happen. 2. That will be the messenger ringing. 3. It would be about ten o’clock when he left home. |
|
|
表示功能,意为“能,行”。惯用形式:will do/would do表示“解决问题”、“就行”。 |
1. That will be all right. 2. Either pen will do. 3. It would not do to work too late.(工作太晚不行。) |
|
|
用于否定句中,意为“不肯”、“不乐意” |
1.I won’t listen to your
nonsense. 2.No matter what I said, he wouldn’t listen to me. |
特别说明:would与used to辨析
would可用来表示过去反复出现的动作,但不能表示过去存在的状态,所以我们不能说:“she would be a quiet girl.”
另外,would强调过去某种特定情况下的活动,是完全过去的事情,同现在没有联系。而used to则着眼于过去和现在的对比,隐含现在已不存在,动作或状态都可表示。Would可以表示不规则的习惯,used to则不可。如:
He used to be a naughty boy and cause trouble.
I used to get up at six in the morning.
Sometimes she would take a walk in the neighboring woods.
In those days, whenever I had difficulties, I would go to Mr. Chen for help.
(二)情态动词can的用法:
情态动词can 的过去式为could ,(有时could表示更委婉的语气。)
①表示能力、功能等:“ 能,能够,会”:
例句: We can and must overcome our shortcomings.
我们能够而且必须克服我们的缺点。
②表示可能性: “可能;可以;会”:
例句: In winter the winds can be very cold.
冬天的风会很冷的。
③表示从内心里可以接受: “可以,能够”
例句: I can regard you as my brother but you must obey what I tell you .
我可以把你看做我的兄弟,但是你必须听我的话。
④表示请求、要求、建议等: “可以”:
例句: Can you help me to carry these books to the classroom?
你能不能帮我把这些书送到教室去?
⑤表示允许等: “可以”:
例句: You can have my seat.I'm going now.
你可坐在我的座位上,我现在就走。
[注意]can表示能力可和be able to互换使用,且后者有更多的时态,be able to常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来或完成时的概念。
other ,the othe,others,another好像都有“别的”这个意思,你能分清吗?
(1)another既可作形容词又可作代词,泛指“再一个,又一个”,表示“总数为三个以上中任意的另一个”,表示泛指,可以单独使用。作定语时,修饰可数名词单数,其前不加冠词。
This dress is dirty,please change another one for me.
这件裙子脏了,再给我换一件吧。
(2)the other表示“两个数量中的另一个”,表示特指,总数为俩;它可以单独使用,也可用the other+可数名词单数。例如;
His parents both work in a hospital. One is a doctor and the other is a nurse.他父母都在一家医院工作。一个是医生,一个是护士。(父母为两个人)
(3)others用于泛指一些人或事物中其他的,可单独使用或用other+复数可数名词来代替。注意others后面不可直接加名词。例如:
①Some students like English and other students (others) like physics.
有些学生喜欢英语,有些学生喜欢物理。
②We must think more of others.
我们必须多想想别人。 (同学们:这可是好品质哦!)
(4)the others指一定范围内其余所有的人或物,表示特指。也可用the other+名词复数来代替。
This dictionary is better than the others. 这本词典比别[其余]的好。
[补充]else adv.别的. (用于疑问词、不定代词后)其他,另外
I'm going to take you somewhere else. 我要带你去别处。
I don't think there is anything else we need to discuss tonight.
我认为今晚我们不需讨论别的事了。
Is there anything else you want?你还要些别的什么吗?
Who else is there in the house?屋子里还有谁?
someone else's books (别人的书)
|
情态动词 |
用法 |
例句 |
|
shall |
用于第一、二、三人称构成的疑问句,表示征求对方意见或请求指示 |
1. Shall I open the window? 2. Shall we say 6 o’clock, then? 3. What shall I get for dinner? |
|
用于第二、三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 |
1. Don’t worry, you shall get
the answer this afternoon.(允诺) 2. He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. (警告) 3. You shall do as I say. (命令) 4. If you children don’t do as I tell you, you shall not go to the party. (威胁) |
|
|
should |
表示劝告或建议,意为“应该” |
1. What should I do? 2. Should I trust him? 3. You should read his new book. |
|
表示推测,用在肯定句中,对现在的情况或可能发生 的事的主观推测或期待。意为“想必,大概,或许” |
1. It should be a nice day
tomorrow. 2. Try phoning Robert, he should be home now. 3. He should be around sixty years old. |
|
|
还可以用在if引导的条件句中,表示一件事听起来可能性很小,但也不是完全不可能,相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语用should+动词原形构成,主句都一定用虚拟语气 |
1. Ask Tom to ring me up if you
should see him. (你万一见到汤姆,请让他给我打个电话) 2. Should I be free tomorrow, I’ll come. (万一我明天有时间,我就过来) 3. If things should change suddenly, please let me know. (万一情况突变,请通知我) |
|
|
用于疑问句或感叹句中,表示意外、惊异的情绪,意为“竟会”,与why,what,how,who连用,如果是疑问句,则不需要回答。 |
1. Why should anyone want to
marry Tony? 2. Don’t ask me. How should I know? |
|
情态动词 |
用法 |
例句 |
|
must |
表示“必须,应该”之意,语气比should,ought to强烈。其否定形式mustn’t表示“不准,不应该,禁止”等意 |
1. You must come to school on
time. 2. Everybody must obey the law. 3. You mustn’t drive so fast in the street. 4. We mustn’t waste any more time. |
|
在回答带有must的问句时,否定回答常用needn’t或don’t have to,表示“不必”,而不用mustn’t |
1.-Must I come back before
ten? -Yes,you must.(No, you needn’t) |
|
|
表示有把握的推测,意为“一定、准是、相必”,只用于肯定句中 |
1. It must be my mother. 2. You must be hungry after a walk. 3. There must be a hole in the wall. |
|
|
have
to have to |
“必须,不得不”,意义与must相近。但must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而have to则往往强调客观需要。 |
1. The film is not interesting.
I really must go now. 2. I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital. |
|
must只有一种形式,即现在式与过去式都是一种形式,而have to则涉及各种人称、时态等方面的变化形式。 |
1.I had to work hard when I
was your age. 2.I will have to learn how to use a computer. 3.In order to take the exam, we’ll have to finish the whole book by the end of this month . |
|
|
两者的否定意义不同,mustn’t表示“禁止,不许”,don’t have to表示不必。 |
1. You mustn’t go there. 2. You don’t have to go there. |
|
情态动词 |
用法 |
例句 |
|
may/might |
表示允许、许可。否定回答一般用must not/mustn’t,表示“禁止、阻止”之意,但也可以用had better not (最好别)或may not(不可以),语气较为委婉。 |
1. May I come in and wait? 2. --May I smoke here? --No, you mustn’t(或No, you’d better not.) |
|
在表示请求、允许时,might比may语气更委婉些。用May I征询对方许可在文体上比较正式,在口气上比较客气,在日常用语中,用Can I征询对方意见更为常见。 |
1. Might I borrow your pen? 2. I wonder if I might speak to your son. |
|
|
表示可能性的推测,通常用在肯定句和否定句中,含有“或许”“大概”“可能”之意;用might代替may时,则语气显得更加不肯定。 |
1. It may rain this afternoon. 2. She might come to join us this afternoon. 3. I suppose he might have missed the train. |
|
|
may用于祈使句表示祝愿 |
1. May you succeed. 2. Long may he live! 愿他能持续住下去。 3. May you have many more days as happy as this one. 4. May she rest in peace.愿她安息。 |
|
|
惯用句式: “may well+ 动词原形”,意为“完全能,很可能”,相当于to be very likely to “may as well或might(just)as well+动词原形”意为“最好,满可以,倒不如”,相当于“had better或there is no reason to do anything else. |
1. It may well change forever
the way you look at Greek art. 2. There may well be a real problem here. 3. There is nothing to do, so I may as well go to bed. 4. You may as well tell us now, we’ll find out sooner or later. 5. I suppose we might as well go home. 6. And if you have to plough the field anyway, you might as well plant it at the same time. |
|
情态动词 |
用法 |
例句 |
|
can/could |
表示能力 |
1.“I don’t think Mike can
type.” “Yes, he can.” 2.I can speak fluent English now , but I couldn’t last year. |
|
在肯定句中,表示客观可能性,并不涉及具体某事会发生,常用来说明人或事物的特征。要表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时,不用can,需用could,may,might。 |
1. As a human being, anyone can
make a mistake. 2. I’m confident that a solution can be found. 3. He can be very forgetful sometimes. 4. I may stay at home this weekend.(实际可能性) 5. Peter might come to join us.(实际可能性) 6. It will be sunny in the daytime ,but it could rain tonight.(实际可能性) |
|
|
表示请求和允许。表示请求,口语中常用could代替can,使语气更委婉。 |
1. Can we turn the air
conditioner on? 2. Any police officer can insist on seeing a driver’s license. 3. In soccer, you can’t touch the ball with your hands. 4. Could you have her call me back when she gets home, please? 5. I wonder if I could just ask you to sign this. |
|
|
表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测,主要用在否定句和疑问句中。 |
1. It can’t be easy caring for
a man and a child who are not your own. 2. Can the man over there be our head master? |
|
|
表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度,主要用在否定句、疑问句和感叹句中。 |
1. Can this be an excuse for
not giving them help? 2. This can’t be true. 3. How can you be so crazy. |
特别说明:
(1) could用来表示请求时,语气委婉,主要用于疑问句,不能用于肯定句,答语应用can(即:could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中)。如:
--Could I use your dictionary?
--Yes, you can.(否定回答可用:No, I’m afraid not.)
(2) can和be able to辨析
can(could)和be able to都可以表示能力,意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式,而be able to则有更多的形式。如:
I’ve always wanted to able to speak fluent English.
Those bags look really heavy, are you sure you’ll be able to carry them on your own?
但是,表示在过去某时的某一场合经过一番努力,终于做成了某事,通常不用could,而用was/were able to来表示。这时,was/were able to相当于managed to do或succeed in doing。如:
After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again.
The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from the building.
(3) 惯用形式“cannot …too…”表示“无论怎么……也不(过分)”。如:
You cannot be too careful.你越小心越好。
惯用形式“cannot but+ 不定式(不带to)”表示“不得不,只好”。如:
I cannot but admire her determination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。
请你以“My ambition” 为题写一篇作文。要求:时态正确,前后连贯, 不少于60词。
My ambition
My ambition is to be a good art teacher. I will teach students to draw what they like. I will make my art lessons interesting and funny. Every student likes me and I can make friends with them.
And I want to live in Beijing in the future, I will have a happy family when I’m older, and I will have many good friends . I will be very happy with them.
(一)have to 的用法
(1)have to 与动词原形一起构成谓语,它可用于多种时态,有人称和数的变化。在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,要用has to,其余人称用have to;一般过去时中用had to;一般将来时中用will have to.
(2)比较have to和must:
① 两词都是'必须'的意思,have to 表示客观的需要, must 表示说话人主观上的看法,即主观上的必要。
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.
我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
He said that they must work hard.
他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)
② have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
He had to look after his sister yesterday.His parents were out.
③ 在否定结构中: don't have to 表示"不必"; mustn't 表示"禁止"。
You don't have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。
You mustn't tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。
情态动词的用法要点
5. 我不认为我长大以后,将当一名篮球队员。
湖北省互联网违法和不良信息举报平台 | 网上有害信息举报专区 | 电信诈骗举报专区 | 涉历史虚无主义有害信息举报专区 | 涉企侵权举报专区
违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com