2．动宾关系

　 On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. 星期天，他总是有许多信要写

　 The teacher left us a lot of problems to solve. 老师给我们留了许多道题要解答。

　 He can find no one to make friends with. 他找不到可交朋友的人。

　 注意：由于动词不定式与其修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系，因此，如果该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。

　 She has a child to take care of. 她有一个孩子要照看。

　 There is nothing to worry about.　 没什么可担心的。

　 He has no friend to depend on. 他没有可依靠的朋友。

　 I've got a lot of things to see to this morning.　 今天上午我有许多事情要处理。

1．主谓关系

　 The future to greet us will be bright. 我们的未来会十分美好的。

　 He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave. 他总是第一个来最后一个离开。

　 The next train to arrive was from New York. 下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。

6．动词不定式也可作一些短语动词的宾语补足语。

　 I'm waiting for James to arrive. 我正等着詹姆斯的到来。

　 He's arranged for a car to pick them up at the station. 他已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。

　 The UN has called on both sides to observe the ceasefire. 联合国号召交战双方遵守停火协定。

　 必背：

　这些带介词的短语动词有：

　 call on 号召

　 arrange for　 安排

　 ong for 盼望

　 wait for 等待

　 depend on　 依靠

　 rely on　 指望

　 E． 动词不定式作定语

　 不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，和被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系和修饰关系。

5．动词advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等后面，多接不定式短语作宾语补足语。

　 We don't allow such things to happen again.　　　　 我们不容许这种事情再发生。

　 Most of the parents agree to forbid their　 children to smoke. 大多数父母都同意禁止自己的孩子抽烟。

　 She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. 她请我在她不在的时候接电话。

　 Please remind me to leave her this note. 请提醒我留给她这张纸条。

　 She requested him to go with her. 她邀请他一同去。

　 注意：hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。

　 [误]I hope you to give me a hand.

　 [正]I hope you can give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。

　 [正]I wish you to give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。

　 [误]He demanded me to be present at the meeting.

　 [正]He demanded that we should be present at the meeting. 他要求我们出席会议。

　 [正]He required us to be present at the meeting. 他要求我们出席会议。

　 [误]Mr Li suggested her not to go there alone.　

　 [正] Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone. 李先生建议她不要独自去那里。

4．在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。

　 I'd prefer you to leave him alone. 我希望你不要打扰他。

　 I don't want there to be any trouble. 我不想有任何麻烦。

3．在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词”结构，think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。

　 We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。

　 He proved that theory (to be) very important.　 他证明那个理论是很重要的。

　 I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好，很诚实。　　

2．在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。

　 这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。

　 有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：

　 一感二听三让四观看。

　 一感：feel　 二听：hear,listen to　 三让：let,have,make　 四观看：observe,see,watch.,look at

　 What would you have me do 你要我做什么？

　 She made him give up smoking. 她让他戒了烟。

　 Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。

　 Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.　 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了。

1．在表示感觉的动词后作宾语补足语，并且不定式都不带to。这类动词有：see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。

　 I heard them sing yesterday. 昨天我听见他们唱歌了。

　 Did you see him go out 你看见他出去了吗？

　 I felt something crawl up my leg. 我感到有什么东西爬到我腿上了。

　 注意：转为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。notice和watch没有被动语态。

　 We saw the car stop.

n　　　 The car was seen to stop. 我们看见这辆车停了下来。

3．作形容词的宾语

　 不定式作形容词的宾语有两种句型，一个是句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语，另一个是句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。

　 ①句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语。这类形容词有able, afraid, angry, anxious, careful, clever, content, cruel, determined, disappointed, eager, foolish, fortunate, frightened, happy, impatient, glad, lucky, naughty, prepared, proud, ready, slow, shocked, sorry, surprised, willing等。

　 I am sorry to say that he is going from bad to worse.　 很遗憾，他的情况每况愈下

　 She was not content to live a quiet life in a small town. 她不满足在一个小镇里过默默无闻的生活。

　 John was happy to be given the job. 约翰得到这份工作很高兴。

　 ②句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。这类形容词有easy, hard, cheap, expensive, dangerous, difficult, funny, fit, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, simple, strange, useful等。

　 This problem is easy to solve. 这个问题很容易解决。

　 The water is not fit to drink. 这水不适于饮用。

　 She is hard to get along with. 她这个人很难相处。

　 注意：在这种结构中，如果不定式是不及物动词，则必须加上结构或含义所需的介词。

　 The river is dangerous to swim in. 在这条河里游泳很危险。

　 A spring mattress is comfortable to sleep on. 席梦思床垫睡上去很舒服。

　 D． 动词不定式作宾语补足语

　 不定式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一句型中，宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。

2．作介词的宾语

　 不定式可以作介词but和except的宾语。

　 The teacher made no comments except to tell him to work hard. 老师除了叫他努力学习外，未做任何评价。

　 He had no choice but to sit there as usual.　 他没有什么选择，只好像往常一样坐在那儿。

　 There is nothing we can do but wait patiently.　 我们只能耐心等待。