71. What does the underlined word “stunned” in the last paragraph mean?

A.　　　　　　　　　　　 Greatly surprised. B. Extremely frightened

B.　　　　　　　　　　　　 Highly satisfied. D. Very pleased

E

Francisco Lopez and Ruby Nostrant are tracking(追踪)what climate change is doing to five different plants in Tucson,Ariz, and they are just in second grade.

“We’re collecting students at Borton Primary Magnet School and Sunnyside High School in Tucson are heading outdoors to be part of a new scientific push to figure out how the biological timing of the earth is changing. It’s a research project that ordinary people, even a kindergartner, can join in.

The National Phenology(生物气象学)Network is seeking volunteers to help track early spring blooms and eventually changes in animals caused by global warming. It’s called Project BudBurst. When it started last year, thousands of people in 26 states took part.

“All people can contribute to it by tracking the timing of flowering events or leaf-out events for plants and animals in their back yards,” said phonology network director Jake Weltzin. He calls the volunteers” citizen-scientists”.

The idea is that tracking flowers blooming--especially lilacs(丁香)which people have helped track for decades--is fairly simple. The website http://www. Windows. ucar. edu/citizen_science/budburst/index. html gives directions on what to look for in different parts of the country.

University of Maryland professor David Inouye said, “It’s so easy to figure out what’s blooming that a lack of expert knowledge isn’t a problem. ”

University of Arizona ecology graduate student Lisa Benton organized the Tucson high school students as they looked at plants five minutes from their high school. Each student has specific guidelines and she’s been happy so far with the data she is getting.

For his part, second-grader Francisco said he has fun helping out.

“I like going out in the desert,” he said. “I want to be an Einstein.”

70. Why did scientists call the glass reef a “kindergarten”?

A.　　　　　　　　　　　 Because the babies of many sea creatures grow well there.

B.　　　　　　　　　　　　 Because thousands of children visit it every year.

C.　　　　　　　　　　　　 Because it is crowded with snails, rockfish, etc.

D.　　　　　　　　　　　 Because all the species call the reef home.

69. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.　　　　　　　 The sponges must feel soft.

B.　　　　　　　　 Silica comes from animals’ body fluid.

C.　　　　　　　　 Methane is harmful to glass sponges.

D.　　　　　　　 Glass sponges depend on the bacteria for a living

68. It can be learned that the glass reef_____.

A.　　　　　　　　 is difficult to see

B.　　　　　　　　 is a work of art made of some American scientists

C.　　　　　　　　 is a new ecosystem people are not familiar with

D.　　　　　　　　 was first discovered off the coast of Washington State

67. What can we know from the passage?

A.　　　 You should turn your money into the clubhouse.

B.　 Whatever weather it is, the routine remains unchanged.

C.　　 The club won’t provide lunch for the camp members.

D.　 You can pay the program fees after the camp is over.

D

Imagine living in a city made of glass. No, this isn’t a fairy tale. If you could swim down 650 feet into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Washington State, you would see the secret world of glass reefs(礁).

The reef you’d be looking at is made up of glass sponges(海绵). But how can animals be made of glass? Well, glass is formed from a substance called silica(硅土). The sponges use the silica found in ocean waters to build glass structures that will give them shape and support. Be careful! Some of the fragile creatures are up to 200 years old.

When sponges die, new ones grow on top of the pile of old ones. Over centuries, a massive and complex reef takes shape. Some sponges look like wrinkled trumpets, while others look like overgrown cauliflower or mushrooms.

Dr. Paul Johnson, who discovered the Washington reef in 2007,also found other surprises such as bubbles of methane(甲烷)gas flowing out of the seafloor nearby. The methane feeds bacteria, and the bacteria feed the glass sponges.

“It’s a new ecosystem we know nothing about,” said Dr. Johnson.

The reef of yellow and orange glass sponges is crowded with crabs, shrimp, starfish, worms, snails, and rockfish. The glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a “kindergarten” by scientists.

Many animals that live in the reef hang around for a long time, just like the sponges. Rockfish, for example, lives for more than 100years. Scientists are just beginning to study all the species that call the reef home.

The Washington coast isn’t the only place where a living glass reef has been found. The first was discovered in Hecate Strait off the coast of British Columbia in 1991. Scientists all over the world were stunned to see it.

66. If your parents are non-citizens working in Greenwich and register the camp on June 10,2008 for you, how much should they pay?

A. $145　　　 B. $120　　 C. $20　　　 D. $45

65. Which of the following is allowed at the camp?

A.　 Bringing personal items to camp.

B.　　 Leaving the club without any reason

C.　　 Playing in unsupervised areas.

D.　 Using the sports equipment during “pick up” hours.

64. If you break the rules many times at the camp, how will you be punished?

A. You will be required to pay another $25.

B.　　　　 Your parents will be called because of your bad behavior.

C.　　　　 You will be driven out of the club forever.

D.　　　　 You will be asked not to eat lunch.

63. The last paragraph mainly tells us that_____.

A.　　　　　　　　　 which kinds of jobs are beneficial to one’s brain

B.　　　　　　　　　　 keeping brain active is easy

C.　　　　　　　　　　 we should keep fresh to find a good job

D.　　　　　　　　　 everyone’s cognitive ability is different

C

Teen camp 2008

--A day camp for boys and girls, ages 13-15,June 30^th – August 22^nd

What to bring every day:

Bag, lunch, drink bathing suit and towel.

Daily routine(常规)at the clubhouse:

Check-in at the clubhouse and meet with your teacher.

Make sure that your bag and lunch are stored in the proper place.

Follow the daily schedule as planned.

At the end of the day, campers will wait for rides in fixed areas.

Money and valuables:

Do not bring personal items to camp; the club is not responsible for lost items.

Members may bring money to buy soda or snacks.

Turn your money into the clubhouse bank where it will be safe.

Safety and policies:

Member safety is always a primary concern at the club. Members are not permitted in unsupervised(无人监督的)areas. Teen camp policies and procedures are strictly carried out.

Any member that breaks a rule will be corrected. With repeat infractions(违法)or serious misbehavior, a parent contact will be made.

Teen campers are not allowed to leave the club unsupervised for any reason.

Drop off and pick up at the clubhouse:

Teen camp operates between 8:30 am-4:30 pm.

Members are placed in groups that follow a daily schedule.

During “drop off”(7:30 am-8:30 am)and “pick up”(4:30 pm-5:30 pm)hours members may use the sports equipment.

Bad weather:

On days when it rains or is very hot, the program may be changed. The clubhouse is completely air-conditioned.

Registration:

Membership fees are: $20 for Greenwich citizens and $120 for non-citizens working in Greenwich.

Program fees must be paid in full before an application will be processed.

Register on or before June 7, 2008 to avoid $25 late fee.

62. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.　　　　　　　　　 Sales techniques do no good to your cognitive abilities.

B.　　　　　　　　　　 Not all people benefit the same from using brains.

C.　　　　　　　　　　 Male twins are most likely to improve their IQ scores.

D.　　　　　　　　　 World War II soldiers are likely to be the most active in later life.