50．The　brain　drain　to　the　United　States　may　be　decreasing　mainly　because　_______.

A．many　foreign　scientists　are　ordered　to　return　to　their　motherlands

B．there　are　fewer　and　fewer　good　jobs　in　the　USA

C．they　don’t　need　any　foreign　scientists　now

D．the　universities　refuse　to　provide　money　for　the　foreign　scientists

49．Which　of　the　following　is　not　the　reason　for　“the　brain　drain”?

A．Better　chances　of　study.

B．Better　research　condition.

C．Good　job　possibility.

D．Good　housing.

48. “The unlucky ones ” in Paragraph 6 refer to_____.

A.　　　 the people who stayed in the air-raid shelter

B.　　　 the patients in hospital

C.　　　 the people who suffered losses in the war

D.　　　 the dependent people like Frank West

C

In recent years, especially during the 1960s, there was much discussion about “the brain drain(人才外流),” which dealt with the problems of students and learned people who left their own countries for other countries that offered better chances for study, research, and employment. For example, according to a report from U.N, between 1962 and 1966 more than 50 percent of all engineering graduates of Iran and 14 percent of Iranian scientists left their country for work abroad. Over 30 percent of Chilean engineers and 15 percent of Turkish physicians also went to work in other countries. Probably the greatest brain drain occurred among young scientists who had gone abroad to study. Many of them had planned to return to their countries to teach but choose to remain in more industrialized nations where they were able to continue there work and their research in fields in which there were no job possibilities at home. The countries that attracted most of these scientists were the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France, Canada, and Australia.

Recent studies show that the brain drain to the United States may be decreasing. Many foreign scientists are going home again, and in some cases American scientists are leaving the United States for employment in other countries. The main reasons are that good jobs are becoming fewer here, money for national research has been sharply cut, and university fellowships reduced too. However, in the field of medicine the drain to the United States still goes on. Today more than one of every five American doctors is foreign-born, and several thousand foreign doctors immigrate to the United States each year. Over eighty countries have asked the State Department to send students who are skilled in important fields such as medicine back home when their study programs are over.

47. Frank hadn’t been normal ______.

A.　　　 since birth

B.　　　 since the beginning of the war

C.　　　 since his home was flattened by a gun

D.　　　 since he became a shelter-dweller

46. People slept in the air-raid shelter ______.

A.　　　 for safety

B.　　　 because their homes had been destroyed by the enemy

C.　　　 because they needed friends, and the shelter was the best place to make them

D.　　　 because the shelter was the best place to get the help they needed

45. In the hospital, Dr. Park recognized Frank West ______.

A.　　　 when he examined Frank West

B.　　　 when Frank West failed to smile

C.　　　 when Frank West greeted him in a certain way

D.　　　 as soon as he entered the ward

44. The best title for this article would be ________.

A. What Does Intelligence Mean　 B. On Intelligence

C. We Are Born with Intelligence 　　　 D. Environments Play a Part in Developing Intelligence

B

Dr. Park is such a rare traveler to London that when we both got into the same carriage twice within ten days, I asked him why. I then let him explain without interruption.

“Last week,” he said, “I was invited to a doctor’s meeting at the Royal Hospital. In one of the wards(病房)a patient, an old man, got up shakily from his bed and moved towards me. I could see that he hadn’t long to live, but he came up to me and placed his right foot close to mine on the floor.

“Frank!” I cried. He couldn’t answer, as I knew, but he tried to smile, all the time pressing his foot against mine. “ My thoughts raced back more than thirty years--- to the dark days of 1941, when I was a student in London. The scene was an air-raid shelter(防空洞), in which I and about a hundred other people slept every night. Among them were a Mrs. West and her son Frank, who lived nearby.

“Sharing wartime problems, we shelter-dwellers(居住者)got to know each other very well. Frank West interested me because he wasn’t normal. He had never been normal, not even at birth. His mother told me he was 37 then, but he had less of a mind than a baby has. His speech consisted of simple sounds---sounds of pleasure or anger---and no more. Sometimes he tried to smile but never succeeded. Mrs. West, then about 75, was a strong, capable woman, as she had to be of course, because Frank depended on her entirely. He needed all the attention of a baby.

“One night a policeman came into our shelter and spoke to Mrs. West. The news he gave her was that her house had been ‘flattened(夷平),’ he said, ‘by a heavy gun.’ That wasn’t quite true, because the Wests went on living there for quite some time. But they certainly lost nearly everything they owned.

“When that sort of thing happened, the rest of us helped the unlucky ones. So before we separated that morning, I stood beside Frank and measured my right foot against his. They were about the same size. That night, then, I took a spare pair of shoes to the shelter for Frank. But as soon as he saw me he came running and placed his right foot against mine.

“After that, his greeting to me was always the same. It was the same last week, though he hadn’t seen me for thirty-odd years. Now he is dead---rather sooner than I expected. He’s being buried today. That’s why I’m going to London again.”

43. Whether a person can reach the limits of his intelligence depends on ________.

A. his surroundings　　　 B. his reading　　　 C. his parents　　　 D. his health

42. It is suggested in Paragraph 2 that _______.

A. unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligence

B. the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligence

C. close relations usually have similar intelligence

D. people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence

41. Which of the following sentences best describes the writer's point in Paragraph 1？

A. Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.

B. To some extent, intelligence is given at birth.

C. Intelligence is developed by the environment.

D. Some people are born clever and others born stupid.