现在完成时的用法

have(has)+过去分词

1．现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生活或完成的动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系，也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。

I have lost my wallet.(含义是：现在我没有钱花了。)

Jane has laid the table.(含义是：已可以吃饭了。)

Michael has been ill.(含义是：现在仍然很虚弱)

He has returned from abroad.　 (含义是：现在已在此地)

2.　　　 My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.

我最大的挑战是学会餐桌上的礼仪.

Behave 动词,意思是 “行为举止; 举止”如:

The boy behaved very well last night.

孩子昨天晚上表现挺好.

The teacher encouraged the children to behave well and not to be a discredit to the collective.

老师鼓励孩子们表现得好一些,不要给集体丢脸.

The little boy behaved with great encourage in the face of gunman.

在持枪歹徒面前,这个小男孩表现得极有勇气.

它还可以表示 “守规矩;举止适当有礼”的意思.如:

Please behave yourself. 请礼貌点儿.

Will you children please behave!

你们这些孩子们能不能守规矩点.

它的相应的名词是behavior,意思是 “行为”.如:

I find it useful to learn French.

我发现学习法语很有用.

I think it is possible to finish the work tomorrow.

我想明天有可能结束这项工作.

(3)　　　　　　　　 词组 get/be used to 意思是 “习惯于……”词组中的to 是介词　 其后如果跟动词 动词应该用动名词形式　 如　　　 The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness　 太空人很快就习惯了失重状态

　　 I’m getting used to the cold weather.

我开始习惯寒冷的天气.

She gets used to driving a small car.

她习惯开一辆小车.

He will get used to getting up early.

他将习惯于早起.

1.　　　 table manners

餐桌礼仪.manner 是　 “礼貌”的意思,常以复数形式出现.如:

It’s bad manner to talk with a full mouth.

嘴里吃着东西说话是不礼貌的.

Manner 还可以表示 “风俗;习惯”时,也常以复数形式出现.如.

The manner of the ancient Egyptians 古埃及的风俗习惯

Manner 还可以表示 “方法;方式” “态度;举止”等意思.如:

Don’t you think that David has got a very arrogant manner?

你难道不觉得戴维的态度很傲慢吗?

Why are you talking in such a strange manner?

你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话.

4.　　　 It’s rude to point at anyone with your chopsticks.

用你的筷子指着别人是很不礼貌的.

(1)　　　　　　　　 rude 形容词,粗鲁的;无理的.

常用词组be rude to sb, 意思是 “对某人无理”如:

It’s rude to interrupt when people are speaking.

打断人家的话是不礼貌的.

I think it was rude of them not to phone and say that they weren’t coming.

他们来不了,也不打电话通知一声,太不象话了.

(2)　　　　　　　　 point 是一个动词,意思是 “指, 指向”.它构成的词组” “point at”意思是 “指向” “对准”.如:

“I’ll have that one.” She said, pointing at a big chocolate cake.

“我想要这个.”她指着一块大的巧克力蛋糕说.

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3.　　　 to stick your chopsticks into your food.

把筷子插入你的食物中.

(1)　　　　　 stick 动词, “刺,插入”如:

Stick a fork into the meat to see if it’s ready.

将叉插进肉里看熟了没有.

I can’t move. There’s a piece of wire sticking in my leg.

我动不了啦,有一根金属丝刺进我的腿里了.

(2)　　　　　　　　 chopstick 是由 “chop(砍)+stick(棍子)组成的合成词.意思是 “筷子” 它通常以复数形式出现.如

Our Chinese always use chopstick to eat, but the English don’t use them.

我们中国人通常用筷子吃饭,而英国人不.

(3)　　　　　　　　 一双筷子是a pair of chopsticks.

2.　　　 In Brazil, you should wipe your mouth with your napkin every time you take a drink.

在巴西,每次喝完东西后你应该用餐巾纸擦嘴.

Wipe 动词,意思是 “擦,擦去.” 常与away, off, up 连用,表示“擦干净’’.如:

Wipe the dirt off your shoes.

抹去鞋上的污泥.

Wipe up the milk you spilled, please.

请抹掉洒出来的牛奶.

1.　　　 In china ,you’re not supposed to pick up your bowl of rice.

在中国,你不应该端起你的饭碗.

Pick up, “捡起;拾起;拿起”.如:

A girl picked up a wallet on her way home.

一个小女孩在回家的路上捡到了一个钱包.

The phone stopped ringing just as I picked up the receiver.

我一拿起听筒,电话就不响了.

Pick those things up off the floor!

捡起地板上的东西.

5.　　　 We are the land of watches, after all!

毕竟我们是手表王国.

(1)　　　　　　　　 句中的land 是一个名词, “国家” “国土”的意思.如:

After living in foreign lands for many years, the man went back home.

　 在外国居住了多年之后,这个人回到了自己的祖国.

Land 还可以表示 “陆地” “土壤” “土地”等意思.如

We traveled by land until we reached the sea.

我们在陆路旅行,一直到大海.

(2)句子中的词组 “after all’’ 意思是 “毕竟”.如:

so you see, I was right after all.

你看,毕竟还是我对吧.

You decided to come after all.

你毕竟还是决定来了.

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4.　　　 Where I’m from, we are pretty relaxed about time.

我来的那个地方对时间非常放松.

句子中的 “Where I’m from” 是一个由 “where” 引导的地点状语从句.引导地点状语从句的副词除了where 还有wherever.如:

Just stay where you are.

就留在你原来的地方.

Wherever you are, you can see new factories and stories, new schools and hospitals.

无论你走到哪里,你都能见到新建的工厂,商店,学校和医院.

3.　　　 greet =to welcome or say “hello”,动词,问候,打招呼.如:

He greeted her by saying “good morning”

他象她打招呼说 “早上好”.

She greeted me with a friendly smile.

她向我微笑致意.

A beautiful view greeted us.

美丽的景色呈现在我们面前.

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