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   (1)at,  in

当事物被视作一点,不强调其空间常用介词at, 而表示空间内部用介词in,  如:

We’ll meet at the supermarket 我们在超市见面

I had to stay in the supermarket as it was raining hard

因为下大雨,我只好呆在超市里

*动词arrive 后接at ,表示较小的地方, 如: 车站、村庄等.后接in 表示较大地方,如: 城市,地区等

(2)in,  to

  in 表示事物在区域范围内的位置,to 表示事物对区域范围之外另一事物的位置,如:

  Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国东部

Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国东面。

in front of 表示在前面,一般不在范围内,in the front of 表示在前面.在同一范围内。

(3)after,  behind

  after 指顺序先后 ,behind 指位置在某事物之后,相对于in front of 而言,  如:

  He entered the classroom after the teacher

He hid himself behind the door 他在门后。

(4)on ,  in

  on 表示“在某事物表面上”。如将事物看作空间,表示在其内部,用介词in。

  There is a modern painting on the wall .

  There is a modern painting on the wall .

(5)from ,  off 都表示“离开”

(6)above , over,  below , under

  over , under 表示垂直的上下关系,而above,  below    仅表示位置上“高于”或“低于”, 不表示垂直关系。

(7)between,  among

between 表示“两个事物之间”,  among 表示“三者以上的事物之间”。

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(三)不用介词表示时间的词或词组

含this,  that,  last,  next 的表示时间的名词词组,以及某些时间的副词或名词词组前不用介词,如:this year  last summer,  yesterday , the day after tomorrow 等。

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(二)表示某一时间的介词

   (1)at, on

at 表示某一时刻,on 表示某一天或日期,  如:

at 7:14,  on Saturday morning  on the night of May2

一天内各段时间表达, 选用正确的介词,请比较:

in the morning

on a winter / snow / cold / morning

at night

on the night of March 7th

in the evening

on Friday evening

(2)before,  by

before 表示某一时间之前,而by 表示到某一时间止,句中谓语动词多用完成时态。如::You must get up before six. 你必须六点之前起床。

By the end of last month the boy had got 4 “As”.  

到上月底这个男孩已得了4个A.

(3)after , since

  after  可以表示过去某一点时间之后,并不延续说话时间,和一般过去连用,而since表示从过去某时间开始的一段时间延续到说话时间, 与现在完时连用 如;

My father lived in Shanghai after liberation .

解放后我父亲住在上海.

Since the end of last year the lady has given five concerts.

自去年年底以来,这位女士开了五十场音乐会

(4)from…to,  until /  till

  from----to表示从某一点时间到另一点时间的一段时间,而until till 表示某动作或状态延续到某点时间如:

  My mother studied in Beijing University from 1960 to 1964.

从1960年到1964年我妈妈在北京大学学习。

  My mother entered Beijing University in 1960, and studied there until 1964.

  我妈妈1960年进入北京大学,一直学习到1964年。(但“从早到晚”常表达为from morning till night)

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(一)表示时间段的介词

   (1)in , after

    in +时间段,表示从现在起往后推算一段时间

    after +时间段,表示过去某时间往后推算一段时间,如:

He’ll come back in two days. 但点钟用after( after three o’clock)

He left on July 2 and returned after three days.

(2)in , during     表示在一段特指的时间内,可用in 或during

  The work was done in  /  during the holidays.     表示年份、月份、季节用in , 如:in 1999 ,in June , in winter

(3)in last,  for the past + 时间段, during

表示在最近一段时间内,句中谓语动词常用现在完成时

I have been in Shanghai in the last few years.

(4)for 表示延续一段时间。

I’ll study in the U.S for two years

I’ve waited for Bingo for half an hour.

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100. --- What can you see over there?

  --- I can see a car running ___ the bridge and a ship sailing __ it.

  A. across; under   B. over; under  C. above; through  D. over; through

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99. --- What time is it, please?

  --- It is seven _______my watch.

  A. in  B. at  C. on  D. by

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98. --- Did Li Ming go to school _______ his bike yesterday?

  --- No, he went to school _______ foot.

  A. by; on  B. in; by  C. on; on  D. by; by

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97. --- Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the People’s Hospital?

  --- Walk along this street _______ and you’ll find it.

  A. in the end  B. to the end

  C. by the end  D. at the end

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96. --- What did Mary have _______ breakfast this morning ?

  --- She was late for school and hurried off _______ it.

  A. for; without  B. at; without  C. for; after  D. at; after

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95. --- I’m looking forward_______ taking a holiday in Hainan.

  --- So am I. It’s great to be _______holiday there.

  A. for; on  B. to; at  C. to; on  D. for; at

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