3．以out, in, up, down, off, away等副词开头，谓语动词是表示“移动”的go, come, leave等句子里。

　 Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。

　 In came a stranger in black. 进来了一位穿黑衣的陌生人。

　 Down fell the leaves. 树叶掉了下来。

　 注意在完全倒装的结构里,如果主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。

　 Out she went. 她走了。

　 Here we are. 我们到了。

2．用于here, there, now, thus, then + 动词 + 主语的句型中(谓语动词多为be, go, come等)。

　 Here comes the bus．汽车来了。

　 There goes the bell. 铃响了。

　 Now comes my turn. 轮到我了。

　 Then came the order to take off. 起飞的命令到了。

A.　　 常见的完全倒装结构

1．there be 句型。

　 There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk. 桌上有一个手机和一些书。

　 There are thousands of people gathering on the square. 广场上聚集着成千上万的人

　 注意 引导词there 还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, stand, live 等词。

　 There lived an old fisherman in the village. 村里住着一位老渔夫。

　 There stand two white houses by the river. 河滨矗立着两座白房子。

　 There existed some doubt among the students. 学生中有些怀疑。

　 英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，这称之为完全倒装。如果只将助动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，这称之为部分倒装。

　 A. 完全倒装

　 完全倒装是将谓语的全部放在主语之前，此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种。

　 On her left sat her husband. 她左边坐着她丈夫。

　 Here is the book you want. 你要的书在这儿。

　 Down went the small boat. 小船沉下去了。

　B. 部分倒装

　 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，移至主语之前。

　 Only by working hard can one succeed. 只有努力才能成功。

　 Never have I seen her before. 我以前没见过她。

　 提示：如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

　 Well do I remember the day I joined the League.入团的那一天，我记忆犹新。

　 Little did I think that he could be back alive 我没有想到他竟能活着回来。

2．为了生动流畅

　 Up went the rocket into the sky. 嗖的一声火箭上了天。

　 Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 我们面前有很多困难。

　 Happy are those who are contented. 知足者常乐。

　 Next came a man in his forties. 接下去进来一个四十多岁的男人。

　 Long did we wait before hearing from her. 我们等了很久才收到她的信。

　 C. 一些句型的固定用法

　 Such were his last words. 他最后的话就是这样。

　 Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang. 我一到家，电话就响了。

　 How came it that she knew the secret 她怎么会知道那个秘密的？

1．为了强调

　 Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。

　 Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有用这种方法，我们才能学好英语。

　 Selfish does our life make us students. 是生活把我们的学生变得如此自私。

8．直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时

　 You should have been here five minutes ago, said the teacher. 老师说：“你5分钟之前就该来了。”

　 Douglas, said the teacher, do be careful next time.“道格拉斯，”老师说道，“下次一定要小心。”

　B. 修辞倒装

　 为了突出重要的内容，或为了生动地描写动作，人们往往采用修辞倒装。

7．虚拟条件句

　 ①在虚拟语气中，如果不用if，且从句中有were, had, should等助动词，需将助动词were, had, should放在句首，用倒装语序。

　 If I were a bird, I could fly freely.

　 --Were I a bird, I could fly freely. 假如我是一只小鸟，我就能自由翱翔。

　 If I had known it earlier, I would have lent him the money.

　 --Had I known it earlier, I wouldn’t have lent him the money. 要是我早知道这件事，我就不会把钱借给他了．

　 ②表示祝愿的一些句子

　 Long live peace! 和平万岁！

　 May our friendship be ever lasting! 愿我们的友谊长存！

6．以引导词there引起的陈述句

　 There was nobody in the room. 房间里没有人。

　 In the valley there lies a river. 山谷里有一条河。

　 There is no harm in trying. 不妨一试。

5. 某些含有“really”意义的简短表达，也用倒装语序，但它们并不需要任何回答。

　 --- Elsa saw a snake last night. 埃尔莎昨天晚上看到一条蛇。

　 --- Did she 真的吗？

　 --- Our new boss is very easygoing. 我们的新老板人很随和。

　 --- Is he 是吗？

　 --- Philip has already finished his report. 菲利普已经完成了他的报告。

　 --- Has he 真的吗？