题目列表(包括答案和解析)

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宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。

eg. I thought (that) you are free today. (╳)

  I thought (that) you would be free today. ( √)

[注意]当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。

eg. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.

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宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。

Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?(╳)

Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( √)

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中的成分)

陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。 eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” à She said she would leave a message on the desk.

一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。Eg. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him. à I asked him where the tickets are.

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2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.

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3、  连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which,连接副词when, where, why, how, 它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。

eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.

  I wonder where he got so much money.

[注意]1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。

eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. è I don’t know how to do with the presents.

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2、  连词if 、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。

eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

  He asked me whether or not I was coming.

一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:

  ①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

②在介词前:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.

③与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not.

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1、  连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。

eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.

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4. must 用于表示“禁止”,“不准”

注意: must not 语气方面比 may not 更强

例如:

(1). Cars must not be parked here.

(2). All of you mustn't swim in the river.

B. 表示“应该”、“必须”

Shall 和 Should 用于表示“必须”,一般表示按照规章制度和义务,我们应该怎样做;而 May 和 Might 用于表示“应该”多用于法律等条文;Must 用于表示“必须”、“务必”,语气最为强硬,主要用来谈及某事的重要性。

例如:

(1). I should finish the work as soon as possible. (表示义务)

(2). Payment may be paid by check. (表示规定)

(3). We must listen to the teacher carefully. (表示此事的重要性)

注意: 如果must用于疑问句, 否定回答应该使用 needn't 或 don't have to. 而不是mustn't.

C. 表示“意图”、“打算”、“意愿”

注意:用 would 比 will 客气;will 用于条件句,用于第二、三人称。

例如(1). If he will he can do it.

(2). Would you excuse me?

情态动词的基本用法还有很多,在初中阶段我们一定要掌握以上的各种语法。

其次,情态动词表示推测的用法也是中考的一个重点。

在情态动词的推测用法中,同学们一定要牢记:

must表示“一定是”,can't表示“一定不是”。

例如:

(1). All mankind must die.

(2). Look! These must be dinosaur eggs because they are the biggest of all.

(3). You can't learn English well without opening your mouth.

   上面我们把初中阶段关于情态动词的基本用法简单的复习了一下,这些知识是我们参加中考的基本保障。

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3. may 和 might 用于表示“许可”(口语中多用 can )

注意: 在语气上might比may更婉转。而may not 表示不许可或禁止。

例如:

(1). You might read the story for me.

(2). May I make a suggestion?

(3). Students may not make noise in the library.

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2.will 和 would 用于表示“请求”

注意: 在表示“请求”时, 这两个词语气都很客气,而用would比will表示更客气。

例如:

(1). Will you tell me the way to the school?

(2). Would you give me your telephone number?

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   首先,情态动词的基本用法要非常的清楚,复习一定要到位。

在中考试题中,考查情态动词的基本用法的试题占很大的比例。同学们一定要牢记九大情态动词的基本用法:

A.表示“许可”、“请求”

1. can 和 could 用于表示“许可”、“请求”:

注意:请求,用could比can更婉转;could也可表示过去的许可。

例如:

(1). Can you go with me?

(2). He said I could go shopping.

(3). Could I ask you something?

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