3. The room is ______ for fifty students.
A. as big B. big enough
C. enough big D. big as
2.. We should keep ______ in the reading-room.
A. quiet B. quietly C. quite D. quietly
1. The fruit tastes ______.
A. nice B. well C. fine D. terribly.
5. SVOC结构(主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语)
在这种结构中,宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的。
(1) 在某些及物动词后,需要一个宾语再加上一个宾语的补语才能表达完整的意思,这样宾语和宾补称为复合宾语。名词、形容词、不定式、分词、副词都可以作宾补。
(2) 常跟复合宾语的动词有:call, name, make, think, find, leave, keep等。如:His mother finds him a clever boy.
Please keep the room clean.
(3) 在see, watch, look at, listen to, heat, feel, let, make(使), have(使)等这些词后的宾补,如果是不定式相当时,则省去“to”,但变为被动语态时“to”还原。
如:I heard a man knock at the door three times.
A man was heard to knock at the door three times’.
(4) 复合宾语中,宾语与宾语的补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,而双宾语没有这种关系。
如: We call him Xiao Wang.
二there be结构.
英语中“there + be +sb. /sth. + 地点”结构表示“某处有某人或某物”。There是引导词,本身没有意思,be是谓语动词,be后面是主语,be必须和主语的数保持一致。
如:There is a garden behind the house.
There are two books on the desk.
如果主语部分是两个以上的并列主语时,be一般和邻近的主语的数保持一致。如:There is a cup and two books on the desk.
There ate five students and a teacher in the classroom.
“there + be + sb./ sth.+ 地点结构的否定形式是在be后面加not, not any, no.
如:There are not any cars on the road.
一般疑问句把be提前到句首。
如: Are there any cars on the road?
此结构中的be也可以用live,lie等不及物动词。
There lives an old man.
讲解面对面
例1. ---There ______ a concert this evening. (2005, 徐州)
--- Yeah. Exciting news.
A. are going to be B. is going to be
C. is going to have D. will have
思维导航:此题考查there be句型的将来时。
解答:there be句型中不能出现have,所以C和D错误;又因为句中的a可判断为单数。
所以选B。
拓展延伸:there be句型除要注意“就近原则”外,还要注意与have的区别。
例2. Tom was so careless that he didn’t find the mistakes in his test paper. (改为简单句) (2005, 岳阳)
Tom was ______ careless ______ find the mistakes in his test paper.
思维导航:此题考查简单句与复合句的相互转换。
解答:原句是一个复合句,要该成简单句,除去掉关系词外,还得符合简单句的要求,即:SVC结构。此处的表语是由一个副词短语充当的。所以答案应该是too…to.
拓展延伸:简单句与复合句的相互转换,除要牢记基本结构外,同义 词组的记忆也有助于解题。
例3. 许多你们喜爱的明星来自于台湾。(2005,济南)
Many of your favorite stars ______ ______ Taiwan.
思维导航:此题考查SVC及SV结构的综合运用。
解答:从句意可知,答案有两个:come from 或be from.。用前者,属于SV结构;用后者,属于SVC结构。所以答案也有两个:come from或are from.
拓展延伸:在具体使用中,只要能表达清楚意思,语法也正确,就不要去费神考虑该用哪种结构了。
大展身手
4. SVOO结构(主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)
(1) 双宾语动词
在这个结构中,动词是带有双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的及物动词。直接宾语多指物;间接宾语多指人。常用的带有双宾语的动词有:
give, send, tell, bring, lend, buy, teach, get, call, to, ask, wish, offer等。如:He gave the inspector his passport.
My father taught us English.
(2) 宾语的位置
间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前,但是,如果为了强调间接宾语或者由于间接宾语较长,常把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后。这时要在间接宾语的前面加上适当的介词。
如:The old man bought his daughter a nice scarf.
The old man bought a nice scarf for his daughter
Give the teacher this book.
Give this book to the teacher.
3. SVO结构(主语+及物动词+宾语)
在这个结构中,谓语动词必须是及物动词,在动词后边跟有宾语。
如:He can drive a car.
They speak English.
有些不及物动词后面加上介词或副词可以把它看成一个及物动词,这时后边可接宾馆。如:
Please listen to me carefully
2. SV结构(主语+不及物动词)
(1) 在这个结构中,动词是不及物动词,动词后边没有宾语。如:
My head aches.
He is singing.
(2) 有些动词后边必须带有状语,否则意思就不明确。如:
The professor lives in Beijing.
We stayed in China for a few days.
常见的不及物动词有:
sleep, walk, swim, happen, take place, go, come, work, laugh, stay等.
1. SVC结构(主语+系动词+表语)
在这种句型中,动词必须是系动词,在动词之后跟有表语。表语可以是名词(词组)、形容词(词组)、副词(词组)等。如:
The teacher is kind.
She looks fine.
My son became a doctor at last.
系动词除be外,常见的还有keep(保持),look(看起来),feel(觉得),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),grow, get, go, turn(变得)等。
25.B。同3,名词所有格。“约翰的”
24.B。几则好消息
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