17.Having a teenager at home can be a real headache.Many teenagers smoke,wear strange hairstyle and even fight.Generally,they are often taking risks.
Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group,including children and adults.Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong?Not really.So what's the reason?
According to Laurence,a teacher from a US university,the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers (同龄人) view them-that is"peer influence".
As children enter their teenage years,they spend more time with their friends and classmates,and also they care more about what they think of them.This makes teenagers make decisions without thinking about the costs.
In a test,a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game.When they played with their friends watching around them,they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning.But when they played alone,they drove more safely.
Why do peers have such a big influence on teens'behavior?
As Laurence sees it,a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油门) but a weak brake (刹车).The"accelerator"is fully developed by teenage years while the"brake"is still not fully developed.When teenagers are watched by their peers,they usually push hard on the accelerator.With their weak brake,it is likely that they are going to end up in an accident.
But the good news is that a violent teenager doesn't necessarily become a violent adult.About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it."They get more self-controlled."
42.What does the underlined word"irrational"in the 2nd paragraph probably mean?B
A.Quick.
B.Crazy.
C.Careful.
D.Correct.
43.According to the passage,teenagers often take risks becauseD.
A.They like challenging themselves.
B.They are too young to tell right from wrong.
C.They don't think about costs.
D.They care about what their peers think of them.
44.How does Laurence explain the influence of peer influence on teens'behavior?A
A.By using a metaphor (比喻).
B.By giving real examples.
C.By presenting research results.
D.By doing experiments.
45.We can learn from the text thatC.
A.teenagers are easy to have traffic accidents.
B.peer influence has a good influence on teenagers.
C.most of the teenagers become less violent when they grow up.
D.teenagers shouldn't spend all the free time with their friends.
分析 这是一篇教育文化类阅读.文章大意:在家里有一个十几岁的孩子可真让人头痛,许多青少年抽烟,留着奇怪的发型甚至打架,一般来说,他们经常冒险.早期的研究表明,青少年比其他任何年龄组的人更容易做出非理性的决定,包括孩子和成年人.难道青少年太年轻,不能分辨对与错吗?根据劳伦斯,一个来自美国的大学老师,原因是青少年关心他们的伙伴认为它们是"同伴影响".随着孩子们进入青少年时代,他们花更多的时间和朋友和同学在一起,他们更关心他们对他们的看法,这使得青少年在不考虑成本的情况下做决定.在一次测试中,一群青少年被要求玩一个视频驾驶游戏,当他们和他们的朋友一起看他们的比赛,他们抓住更多的机会,开车更不小心,因为这将增加他们获胜的可能性.为什么同龄人对青少年的行为有如此大的影响?在劳伦斯看来,一个十几岁的青少年的大脑就像一辆好的加速器,但制动效果不强."加速器"是完全由十几岁的孩子而"刹车"还没有完全开发.当青少年被同伴们的注视下,他们通常会使劲踩加速器.用自己弱小的制动器,是可能的,一次意外事故结尾.但好消息是,一个暴力的青少年不一定会变成暴力的成年人,大约三分之二到四分之三的暴力青年会从中成长,"他们得到更多的自我控制."
解答 42题答案:B 考查词义猜测题.根据后面的句子Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong?可知划线词所在句子句意为:先前的研究已经表明,青少年比任何其他年龄组的人更容易做出非理性的决定,所以该选B.
43题答案:D 考查:细节理解题.根据第三段末the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers (同龄人) view them-that is"peer influence".可知该选D.
44题答案:A 考查细节理解题.根据第七段第一句As Laurence sees it,a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油门) but a weak brake (刹车).在劳伦斯看来,一个十几岁的青少年的大脑就像一辆好的加速器,但制动效果不强.可知该选A.
45题答案:C 考查细节理解题.根据短文最后About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it."They get more self-controlled.可知该选C.
点评 做此类题需准确的翻译短文,根据根据短文的内容,仔细读每一道题,涉及的同义词辨析,理解等要有针对性与短文相结合,再选出最符合题意的答案.