分析 所有居住在地球上的生物都需要依靠其他的东西生存.没有哪个生命是独自一人生存的.大多数的动物都是群居的,甚至于一株植物也要和其他同个物种靠在一起生长.有些时候一个生命体会杀害另一个,一个吃掉另一个.每一种生命为了生存都会捕食同类生物,他们这样就构成了一条食物链.有些食物链是很简单的,但有些则相反.但是所有的食物链都是开始于太阳,还有如果这些食物链有一个消失了,整条食物链都会破坏掉.
所有的生物都需要阳光.但是只有植物可以更好地利用阳光.植物被称为"生产者".他们从阳光中,水中还有泥土中的一些东西制造出食物.
食物供给所有其他的生物.动物只能通过植物将阳光转换成的食物来利用太阳的能量.有些动物只以植物为食,有些则吃更小的动物.肉食动物只是间接地吃食物.
那人类呢?我们是很多食物链中的一员.我们吃小麦,蔬菜,水果等等.我们还吃肉还喝牛奶.但是人们却经常破坏食物链.他们猎杀野生动物.还有污染河流,江水,还有海水.当这些河流被污染之后,鱼类就不能吃了.如果人类吃其中的鱼类,他们就会得怪病.每一种生命形式都与其他的生命息息相关.破坏食物链只会将所有生物都置于危险的境地.
解答 46.B.细节题.根据All living things on the earth need other living things to live 及Nothing lives alone可知任何事物都不是单独存在的,故选B.
47.A.细节题.根据第二段But only plants can use sunlight directly可知是植物,选B.
48.D.细节题,根据第二段They make food from sunlight,water and things in the soil (土壤)and air.他们从阳光中,水中还有泥土中的一些东西制造出食物.,故选D.
49.D.细节题.从But men often break up the food chains可知是人类,故选D.
50.C.推测题.文章不单是讲动物和植物,而说是整个的生物链,A,B只是文章一个方面,故选C.
点评 做阅读理解时,可遵循三部曲的原则,即:快速阅读短文;认真逐题作答;复查校对答案
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