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1.Would you like to have a brother or a sister?Months ago this might have sounded impossible to many.But since last year with the end of China's"one child policy",this could actually happen now.All Chinese couples are allowed to have two children,which means that many Chinese children,including you,may have siblings (兄弟姐妹) in the future.
But the idea of"siblings"probably sounds unfamiliar.What would it be like growing up with a brother or a sister?Having a sibling can prevent children from bad feelings such as loneliness and fear,according to Laura,a professor of family research from Brigham university,US."Sibling gives kids something that parents can't."she said.She thinks kids may not feel lonely at home anymore because there is someone to play with them.They can also share secrets with him or her.
And the birth order of siblings could matter,too.US psychologist Kevin said that birth order decides the way parents treat their children,this causing different personalities between siblings.He explained that parents are usually more nervous and strict for their first child.So firstborns tend to (倾向于) be perfectionists because parents set high goals for them.They are usually disciplined (自律的) and eager to succeed.When the couple has a second child,they are less strict and have fewer rules.So late-born kids are usually more creative.They love attention.It's said that many of them also have a good sense of humor.
56.What's the author's attitude to the possibilities of siblings?A
A.He is for the idea for children to have siblings.
B.He is against the idea for children to have siblings.
C.He doesn't care whether the children have siblings or not.
D.He thinks he is a only child in his family.
57.Which of the following is not the advantage of having a brother or a sister?D
A.There is someone to play with you.
B.Partly getting away from loneliness and fear.
C.Sharing secrets with your brothers or sisters.
D.Getting anything from their parents.
58.What does the underlined word"this"refers to?B
A.China's one-child policy.
B.Have a brother or a sister.
C.Treat children strictly.
D.The idea of having siblings.
59.Why does the birth order of siblings cause their different personalities?C
A.Parents usually treat the second child better than the first one.
B.When parents have the second child,they will be too busy to look after them well.
C.Parents usually have different ways to raise the second child.
D.Parents usually like first child best.
60.Which of the following is not true?D
A.Firstborns may be perfectionists because parents set high goals for them.
B.Late-born kids are usually more creative because they are under less pressure from their parents.
C.Parents usually pay more attention to their first child.
D.Late-born kids are not disciplined (自律的) and eager to succeed.

分析 你想要弟弟或妹妹吗?几个月之前,这对很多人来说都是不可能的.
但是由于去年中国废除了独生子女政策,现在可以梦想成真了.所有的中国夫妻允许要二胎,这就意味着中国的很多孩子,也包括你在内,在未来可能拥有兄弟姐妹.
但是,"兄弟姐妹"的想法可能听起来不熟悉.和兄弟姐妹一起长大会是一种什么感觉?据来自美国布里格姆大学的家庭研究教授劳拉介绍,同兄弟姐妹共同成长可以防止孩子产生孤独感和恐惧感.她说"兄弟姐妹能够给予孩子某种东西,而这种东西是父母不能给予的".她认为孩子们在家里不会再感到孤独,因为有人和他们一起玩.他们也可以与兄弟姐妹分享秘密.
而且出生顺序也是一个重要的事情,美国心理学家凯文说,出生顺序决定了父母对待孩子的方式,这造成了兄弟姐妹具有不同的性格.他解释说,父母通常会对第一个孩子更加紧张和严厉,因此第一个孩子更加倾向于完美主义,因为父母给他们设立了非常高的目标.他们通常比较自律且渴望成功.当父母拥有第二个孩子的时候,父母对他就不会再这么严厉,约束也很少,因此越晚出生的孩子就越具有创造性.他们喜欢关注,据说他们中的许多人也有很好的幽默感.

解答 56.A.文章主旨题.根据文章的开头,想要弟弟或妹妹是不可能的,而后来出现转折,独生子女政策的废除可能使这个想法成为可能,而且文中后面的内容着重讲述拥有兄弟姐妹的好处,因此可以看出作者是赞同孩子们具有兄弟姐妹的,即He is for the idea for children to have siblings.所以该题的答案为A.
 57.D.细节理解题.根据Having asibling can prevent children from bad feelings such as loneliness and fear.可知,拥有兄弟姐妹可以使孩子们不再具有恐惧感和孤独感,B选项论述正确;根据She thinks kids may not feel lonely at home anymore because there issomeone to play with them.可知,拥有兄弟姐妹可以和孩子们一起玩,A选项叙述正确,根据They can also share secrets with him or her.可知,兄弟姐妹之间可以一起分享秘密,C选项叙述正确,D选项的内容是说从父母那里得到任何东西,这在文中没有提到,因此答案为D.
 58.B.词义猜测题.This的前面一段,作者说拥有兄弟姐妹在几个月前是不可能的,但是现在由于废除了独生子女政策,这个this真的可以发生,那么废除独生子女政策,就意味着可以拥有兄弟姐妹,因此这里的this指代的是have a brother or a sister;
 59.C.细节理解题.根据US psychologistKevin said that birth order decides the way parents treat their children,this causing different personalities betweensiblings.可知,出生顺序的不同决定了父母对孩子对待方式方式不同,这也造成了他们具有不同的性格,因此出生顺序造成的孩子性格不同是父母对孩子的对待方式不同,因此答案为C.
 60.D.推理判断题.根据He explainedthat parents are usually more nervous and strict for their first child.So firstborns tend to (倾向于) be perfectionists because parents set high goalsfor them.They are usuallydisciplined (自律的) and eager tosucceed.可知,父母通常会对第一个孩子更加紧张和严厉,且父母给他们设立了非常高的目标,第一个孩子更加倾向于完美主义,同时也暗示出父母更多的关注第一个孩子,A、C选项叙述正确;根据When the couplehas a second child,they are less strict and have fewer rules.So late-born kids are usually more creative.They love attention.It's said that many of them also have a good senseof humor.可知,当父母拥有第二个孩子的时候,父母对他就不会再这么严厉,约束也很少,因此越晚出生的孩子就越具有创造性,父母的严厉和约束少了,自然压力也就小了,B选项叙述正确.对于D选项,文章中只是提到They areusually disciplined (自律的) and eager to succeed.这里的they指代的是第一个孩子,并不是后来出生的孩子,因此D叙述错误.

点评 本文主要是说中国现行的二孩政策,题材贴近生活实际.题目涉及到词义猜测、推理判断和主旨大意题等,要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分析才能得出正确答案,切记不能乱猜,一定做到有理有据.

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