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    The battle for the leadership of Britain’s Labour Party ended on September 25. Five candidates competed for the top job, but it turned out to be a tale of two brothers. Victory went to Ed Miliband, 40, with his elder brother David, 45, coming a close second. Ed’s Miliband’s job will now be to try to lead his party back into power and oppose Prime Minister David Cameron.
    The two Milibands were both ministers in the Gordon Brown government. David Miliband, as Foreign Secretary, held the third most important post in UK politics. US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton described him as “vibrant and attractive”. Ed, who had a lesser role in government as Minister of Climate Change, was valued for his contribution to policy discussions and for his performance at the Copenhagen Conference on Climate Change last December.
    The Miliband brothers were born to political parents. Their father, Ralph, was a Marxist scholar. He came to Britain from Belgium in 1940, fleeing the Nazis. Ralph Miliband was buried beside Karl Marx in London’s Highgate Cemetery. His wife Marion, the brothers’ mother, remains an active party member at 76.
    The two brothers represent different wings of the Labour Party. David supported former Prime Minister Tony Blair; Ed was a follower of Blair’s great rival Gordon Brown, the last Labour PM.
    “We’re determined to make sure that family comes before politics, and I don’t think there’s any chance that politics is going to get in the way,” David Miliband said before the vote.
    After the result, the two embraced in front of the cameras.
    In his acceptance speech, Ed Miliband said to his brother: “David, I love you so much as a brother. And I have such extraordinary respect for the campaign that you ran.”
    But some feel their warm words were for the media and for the sake of party unity. There had been reports of anger on David’s part when his younger brother chose to stand against him. David may feel that the leadership was stolen from him-and by his own brother. Ed himself was reported to be concerned that he might have hurt David. According to the Guardian, after the result, Ed’s first reaction was: “what have I done to David?”
    Ed suggested that he was prepared to make his brother shadow chancellor. But David has decided it is time to move on. He will not have a role in the Shadow Cabinet in the future.
    In effect, he has fallen on his sword for the Party. David Miliband said the priority was to allow his brother to make a success of leading Labour: “I believe this will be harder if there is constant comparison with my comments and position as a member of the shadow cabinet.”
    小题1:. Ed Miliband became head of Britain’s Labour Party because ______.
    A．he played an important role in the previous British government.
    B．his arguments at political discussions and his performance at an international conference
    C．Hillary Clinton thought highly of him
    D．his brother supported him both at home and politics.
    小题2:. According to the passage, which is NOT TRUE?
    A．Ed and David both worked in the government.
    B．Ralph Miliband came to Britain because of the Nazis.
    C．Tony Blair, Gordon Brown and David Cameron are all Labour Party Prime Ministers.
    D．David Miliband and Ed Miliband’s mother is still alive.
    小题3:.What can be inferred from the passage?
    A．David Miliband and Ed Miliband fought against each other both at home and politics.
    B．Ed was concerned about David’s feelings after the election.
    C．David and Ed were born into a political family.
    D．David and Ed agreed with each other on most of the issues
    小题4:.What does the underlined sentence mean?
    A．David accepted his brother’s invitation to be a shadow chancellor.
    B．David was determined to fight against his brother.
    C．David was so upset that he would end his life with a sword for the Party.
    D．David refused his brother’s offer for him to be a shadow chancellor.
    小题5:.Which of the following can best describe the relationship between David and Ed?
    A．Brothers and political rivalsB．Partners in the political campaign
    C．Partners in public and enemy in privateD．Representatives of different wings of Labour Party

    小题1:.B
    小题1:.C
    小题1:.B
    小题1:.D
    小题1:.A
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.
    Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses,” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.
    MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.
    The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.
    MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform.
    “Fasten your seatbelts,” Hockfield said.
    Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.
    The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit（非盈利的）organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.
    小题1:According to this text, edX is _______.
    A．a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWare
    B．a free computer program by MIT and Harvard
    C．a Harvard-MIT platform of free online courses
    D．a free program online for universities worldwide
    小题2:What is said about online education in the text?
    A．Universities have been trying online courses.
    B．About 2,000 online courses have been offered.
    C．Over 100 million people have finished courses online.
    D．Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.
    小题3:The underlined part in the text probably means “        ”.
    A．Get ready for the difficulties
    B．Get ready for this educational change
    C．Get prepared to complete the online courses
    D．Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses
    小题4:What can be said about MITx according to the text?
    A．It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.
    B．It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.
    C．It is a standard to recognize online learners’ achievement.
    D．It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    The wedding between Prince Wiliam and Kate Middleton on April 29 has focused the world’s camera lenses (镜头) on the UK.
    In Britain, there is a constant debate about the relevance(相关性) of the royal family to modern British society. However, Windsor (the fam­ily name of the British Royal Family) and Middleton have been seen to represent a more modern, forward-looking nation.
    Nigel Baker, the British ambassador to Bolivia, believes that the royal wedding is “about modern Britain”. “The estimated 2 billion spectators across the world will see that Britain is one of the most culturally and ethnically diverse nations in the world, home to 270 nationalities speaking 300 different languages, founded on tolerance and respect for difference,” wrote Baker on his blog.
    According to Baker, the wedding could help viewers to see “why Britain is one of the most dynamic and creative countries in the world”: The television on which most people watched the event was invented by John Logie Baird, a Briton, and the World Wide Web that broadcast the event to millions more was invented by another Briton, Tim Berners-Lee.
    The guests who attended the wedding ceremony gave more than a few clues as to the nature of modern Britain. David and Victoria Beckham represent Britain’s obsession (着迷)with football and celebrity.
    Leaders from different religious backgrounds supported Baker’s com­ments on the multicultural nature of modern British society.
    Before the wedding, David Elliott, arts director of the British Council China, agreed that the wedding would be a showcase for modern Britain: “I think, and hope, that it (modern British influence) would be values like openness, multiculturalism, creativity, sense of humor and the traditional British sense of fair play,” he said.
    Furthermore, events such as the Olympics in London in 2012 may also increase people’s sense of Britishness.
    According to a poll published in Daily Telegraph, more than a third of people in the UK admitted they felt “very British” when watching the Olympics.
    小题1:.  What is the point of the article?
    A．To introduce Prince William’s wedding arrangements in detail.
    B．To comment on the significance of the royal wedding.
    C．To question the relevance of the royal family in modern British society.
    D．To explain why the royal wedding is linked with the 2012 Olympics.
    小题2:.  What can be concluded from the article?
    A. Some say that the royal wedding is a reflection on modern Britain.
    B Some think the royal wedding shows Britain’s multiculturalism and sense of fair play.
    C.About 2 billion people across the world will see the wedding ceremony online.
    D. Britons are obsessed with football due to the influence of David Beckham.
    小题3:.  Why is the inventor of the World Wide Web mentioned?
    A. To inform readers about some well-known British inventors.
    B. To point to the importance of the World Wide Web for the wedding.
    C. In support of the idea that Britain is a nation of creative and original people.
    D. To encourage people to watch the wedding on the Internet.
    小题4:.  According to the article, both the 2012 Olympics and the royal wedding         .
    A．have increased the British sense of national identity
    B．have promoted traditional British values
    C．represent a more modern Britain
    D．have encouraged the interest of Britons in Football

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

                                    
    Japan will hand out its first “Nobel Prize of Manga (国际漫画奖)” for artists in the comic book field abroad. This is another step in Japan’s efforts to show the power of pop culture diplomacy.
    The International Manga Award, which was compared by manga lover Foreign Minister Taro Aso to a “Nobel Prize” when he first proposed it, will be given to an artist working abroad whose work best contributes to the spread of the manga form worldwide.
    Manga, a name used for Japanese style comic books, often combines stories with drawing styles that differ from the overseas superhero comics and cartoon, particularly in their frequent emphasis on cuteness.
    The winner will receive a certificate and a cup at an award ceremony, and will spend 10 days in Japan meeting with local comic book artists and publishers.
    “Manga has been spreading overseas and are selling quite well,” Aso said when announcing the award to the public. “I want to further improve the communicative power of these so-called ‘pieces of pop culture’.”
    Aso has argued that warm feelings for Japanese comics and cartoon can translate into warm feelings for Japanese foreign policy.
    He has proposed sending cartoon artists overseas as cultural ambassadors and the government has named some officials to advise ways to promote Japanese cartoon and culture to foreign audiences.
    The award committee, consisting of manga artists and publishers, is expected to make its selections quite soon.
    According to a ministry official Nobuyuki Watanabe, the prize carries no money reward. The cup’s design has yet to be finished, but it will be something “appropriate”.
    小题1: The International Manga Award will be presented to ____________.
    A．a Japanese who has achieved a lot in creating new methods of drawing
    B．an artist who makes contributions to introducing manga to the other foreign countries
    C．the person who is expert at comics and cartoon
    D．a foreign artist who has contributed to the development of manga
    小题2: Which statement is NOT true about manga?
    A．Manga is different from the overseas comic books.
    B．Manga is popular not only in Japan but also overseas.
    C．Manga refers to international comics and cartoon.
    D．There are stories and pictures in manga.
    小题3:What has the Japanese government done to show its support?
    A．To propose “Nobel Prize of Manga”.
    B．To name officials to advise ways of spreading manga overseas.
    C．To hand out its first “Nobel Prize of Manga”.
    D．To send cartoon artists overseas as cultural ambassadors.
    小题4:The passage is mainly about ____________.
    A．Nobel Prize of MangaB．the characteristics of manga
    C．a brief introduction of mangaD．the development of manga

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    The Friday after the American holiday of Thanksgiving is called Black Friday. It’s said that it’s the day that store ledgers(分类账)move into the black and companies become profitable（有利可图的，有益的）. On that day, retailers（零售商）slash prices to get consumers to buy.  It is also a time when many Americans start their Christmas shopping. VOA’s Elizabeth Lee tells us how the economy may affect consumers on that bargain day.
    “It’s just the deals, the sales and everything you can get for a lesser（较少的，较小的）price,” said Sandy Thomas, a shopper. But it’s a nightmare（噩梦）for others. “I think it’s crazy. I’ve done all of my shopping throughout the week so I don’t have to go out on Friday,” she said. It’s called Black Friday, the start of the traditional Christmas shopping season in the United States. Every year it’s the day after the Thanksgiving holiday. Stores open before sunrise and there are deep discounts everywhere you look.
    While the lead up to Christmas is known as the season of giving, Black Friday can get ugly.
    Last year a crowd of bargain-hunters killed a Wal-mart（沃尔玛公司）worker in a New York suburb. This year, many stores are increasing security while they slash prices. “This is a huge time for the retail stores,” said Fred Joutz from George Washington University. “This is when they begin making their profits for the year.”
    Economics professor Fred Joutz says how Americans spend the weekend after Thanksgiving is a good indication of how consumers feel about the future.
    With the unemployment rate above 10 percent, Joutz says Americans are saving more and spending less. “Credit is still strictly controlled whether through credit cards or through borrowing from banks,” he said. Some retailers are attracting consumers by opening on Thanksgiving Day, when shops are traditionally closed.  Other stores open their doors anywhere from midnight to four in the morning.
    And shoppers will be lining up in front of the doors in order to be one of the first ones to walk through and get a big discount. Electronics like flat screen TVs are usually the first items to go. Sandy Thomas says it’s an annual family tradition and well worth it. “I just save maybe half of what I would have spent on a regular, you know, shopping trip,” she said.
    Economists say U.S. consumers will spend money this Black Friday, but they will spend it more carefully.     
    小题1: The underlined word “slash” in the first paragraph probably means _________.
    A．reduceB．raiseC．increaseD．change
    小题2:The sentence “This day should be a shopper’s dream.” should be placed between ________.
    A．paragraph two and paragraph threeB．paragraph one and paragraph two
    C．paragraph three and paragraph fourD．paragraph five and paragraph six
    小题3:Why are many stores increasing security according to the passage?
    A．Because there are too many people saving more and spending less.
    B．Because it’s a time when they begin making their profits for the year.
    C．Because last year a crowd of bargain-hunters caused an accident.
    D．Because many stores open their doors from midnight to four a.m.
    小题4:What can we learn from the passage?
    A．Christmas shopping is traditional time and this year it is no exception.
    B．Electronics like flat screen TVs are usually least discounted.
    C．The economy only affects consumers on that bargain day.
    D．Thanksgiving is a good indication of how consumers feel about the future.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    China news, Beijing, July 29 --- Housing price in China has always aroused heated discussions among property developers and ordinary Chinese. To many property developers and local government officials, housing price in China is still low compared with many developed countries. However, the average housing price in the United States is only 8,000 yuan per square meter, while in China, it is even higher than in the United States. This shows that there are some bubbles(泡沫) in Chinese real estate market, the International Finance News reported.
    Although the average price of residential houses in the United States, after converted to Renminbi, is about 8,000 yuan per square meter, the houses in US are not sold in terms of building area, as most Chinese property developers do when they sell their houses. If US property developers sell their houses according to the building area, then the housing price will be even lower than 8,000 yuan per square meter. In most big Chinese cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen, houses are sold at a price even higher than those in the US.
    The high housing sales price in large cities in China proves that Chinese real estate market does have some bubbles. Moreover, Chinese houses can not be compared with houses in US in terms of building quality, environment and supporting facilities. Furthermore, it should be noted that American people’s average income is several dozen times higher than that of Chinese people. How can the Chinese afford to buy a house which is even more expensive than that sold in US?
    At the beginning of 2007, Chinese government issued a set of policies that aimed to benefit the public. Now in order to reduce the high housing prices, the government can regulate(控制) the real estate market by raising tax on property industry. At the same time, the government should allow people to build more houses through various fund-raising channels, such as funds collected from buyers or raised by working units. By applying these multiple means, it is expected that the high housing prices can be lowered.
    小题1:What is the average housing price per square meter in China?
    A．8000 yuan.B．10000 yuan.C．7000 yuan.D．Not mentioned.
    小题2:Which of the following does NOT support the idea that the average housing price in China is even higher than in the United States?
    A．Chinese houses can not be compared with houses in US in terms of building quality, environment and supporting facilities.
    B．American people’s average income is several dozen times higher than that of Chinese people.
    C．The population who need houses in China is larger than in the United States.
    D．The houses in US are not sold in terms of building area, as most Chinese property developers do when they sell their houses.
    小题3:How many measures are mentioned in the last paragraph in order to reduce the high housing prices?
    A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.
    小题4:What is the main idea of this passage?
    A．The housing price in China is so high that the government should do something useful to prevent it.
    B．There are some bubbles in Chinese real estate market.
    C．The average housing price in China is even higher than in the United States.
    D．Chinese government issued a set of policies that aimed to benefit the public.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    At 7:49 a.m. local time on Wednesday, April 14th, a huge earthquake struck Yushu County in Qinghai, China, described as “end of the earth” in a famous poem of the Tang Dynasty.
    The earthquake destroyed many houses, cut off power and caused over 2,000 deaths and injuries. On the night when the earthquake happened, many survivors had to sit or lie on the ground in terrible darkness. Some brought their own tents and others turned on the lights of motorcycles. It seemed that the earth was at an end. But their natural character made them get together to fight the early spring’s cold nights. Facing the disaster, they chose to be stronger and standing still and firmly like Yushu, the name of their hometown meaning “Standing like Trees”.
    The disaster drew much attention both at home and abroad. Our country leaders ordered rescuers（营救人员） to value every life and never to give up. Thousands of rescuers and medical teams rushed to Yushu from many areas of China, bringing machines, medicines and something necessary to the quake-hit town. They entered every village to search for survivors. Governments, organizations and volunteers are offering money and materials to the areas.
    We believe that under the leadership of the Central Government, people in the disaster areas are sure to restore production and rebuild homeland as soon as possible. And the overall victory can be achieved in the earthquake rescue work.
    小题1:
    In Paragraph 2, the writer refers to the meaning of “Yushu” to show that _______.
    A．the strong trees stand still to fight the early spring’s cold nights
    B．some trees were cut down to make tents to live through the disaster
    C．the big tree standing still brings the local people good luck
    D．people there are brave and strong when facing the earthquake
    小题2:
    Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
    A．Yushu, a young town, was destroyed in the terrible earthquake.
    B．A huge earthquake once hit Yushu County in the Tang Dynasty.
    C．The whole nation does its best to help rebuild the new homeland.
    D．There was still electricity after the earthquake struck the town.
    小题3:
    The underlined word “restore” in Paragraph 4 probably means _______.
    A．战胜B．储存C．恢复D．修理

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

       WASHINGTON—A chaotic scene unfolded near the U S．Capitol（美国国会大厦）on Wednesday after police shot and killed an armed man in what authorities described as a rush hour traffic stop that turned deadly．
    U S．Capitol Police spokeswoman Sgt．Kim Schneider said the unidentified 35-year-old man sped away in a white car after being stopped a few blocks from the Capitol．The man drove the wrong way down a street and crashed into a police car in a heavily guarded area about a block north of the Capitol grounds，striking two officers with his car along the way，she said．    Police then opened fire after seeing the man hold up his handgun and refuse to put it down，said Schneider，who described the melee（人群）as“very fast moving”．“The officers felt they were being threatened-they were in fear for their lives，”Schneider said．
    She did not know if the man ever fired at police．He was taken to a hospital，where he was pronounced dead．
    The officers who were hit——one of whom was on a motorcycle——had minor injuries，Schneider said．
    The late afternoon scare occurred as lawmakers were wrapping up a third day of hearings for Supreme Court nominee Sonia Sotomayor．Police briefly closed up part of the Capiltol as a precaution，but the buildings were reopened about a half—hour later．Authorities said the shooting was not related to the Capitol．
    Carol Lanigan，of Toledo，Ohio，described how she save a white car come flying down the street with two police cars chasing it．She said she heard about four or five shots．
    “There were so many gunshots being fired，my family got down．”said Robert Drumm of Oklahoma，who was touring the nation’s capital with his family．
    Numerous emergency vehicles came together quickly on the area．
    Lanigan’s husband，Dale Lanigan，described a similar scene，saying that as the car sped past him the driver had one hand on the wheel and it looked like he was reaching for something．
    小题1:What can be learned from the passage？
    A．Three police officers were hurt in the shooting．
    B．The shooting had something to do with the Capitol．
    C．The Capitol was unprotected when the gunshot happened．
    D．The gunshot case had nothing to do with the Capitol．
    小题2:When the case happened，    ．
    A．CaroI Lanigan heard five shots exactly
    B．many emergency vehicles appeared in the area
    C．Robert Drumm stopped to tour the nation’s capital by himself
    D．Carol Lanigan didn’t come to the scene
    小题3:Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“chaotic”？
    A．disorderedB．accessibleC．lifelikeD．arranged
    小题4:Which of the following is the best title of the passage？
    A．A police accident near the U．S．Capitol
    B．Defend the U．S．Capitol
    C．Police chasing the peace breaker
    D．Armed man was shot near the Capitol by police

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Dogs can be worried and pessimistic just like people, researchers report in a new study in Current Biology. And they aren’t talking about basset hounds (短脚猎狗): those dogs just look as if they expect the worst.
    What the scientists say is that dogs that exhibit anxiety when left home alone by their owners may have bigger problems — they may be in a permanent bad mood.
    This pessimistic outlook may not otherwise be easily apparent in a dog’s other characteristics, like running speed or learning ability, the study reports.
    Dogs are similar to humans in the role that emotional state plays in decision making, said Michael Mendel, a veterinary scientist at the University of Bristol and the study’s lead author. The study’s researchers looked at 24 dogs in shelters in Britain.
    They placed the dogs in isolated settings and observed their reactions — many barked, jumped on furniture and scratched at the door.
    Then they placed bowls in two rooms. One bowl contained food, while another was empty. After training the dogs to understand that bowls can sometimes be empty, and sometimes full, they began to place bowls in ambiguous locations.
    Dogs that quickly raced to the locations were more optimistic, and in search of food. Those that did not were deemed pessimistic.
    The more separation anxiety a dog expressed while in isolation, the more likely the dog was to have a pessimistic reaction, the researchers found.
    The study carries an important message for dog owners, Dr. Mendel said.
    Dogs that express serious anxiety when alone may need treatment, as it could be a sign of unhappiness and instability.
    小题1:This passage can be classified as _________.
    A．an advertisementB．a feature story
    C．a news reportD．a book review
    小题2: In the study, many dogs barked, jumped and scratched because __________.
    A．they couldn’t find the bowl with food in it
    B．they were left alone
    C．they needed to be treated
    D．they wanted to be active and optimistic
    小题3:According to Dr. Mendel, which statement is true?
    A．Like humans, dogs are good at decision making.
    B．Dog owners should train dogs to find food.
    C．Emotional state works sometimes when humans make decision.
    D．Dogs can always find the bowl with food quickly.
    小题4:What can we learn from the passage?
    A．Dogs will be optimistic as long as they are left alone.
    B．Dogs must be in a permanent bad mood when their owners left.
    C．Dogs that express anxiety don’t need treatment.
    D．Dogs may easily show their pessimistic outlook in learning ability.

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