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17.There are nearly 400different types of sharks,but only about 30types are known to have attacked human beings.Many people know that(46)the most dangerous shark is the great white shark,probably because they have(47)seen(see) the film Jaws.However,two other sharks are also rather dangerous:the tiger shark and the bull shark.
Contrary to what many people might assume,evidence shows that sharks seldom attack humans.There (48)arethree types of shark attacks.In the main type,the shark(49)attacks (attack) you because it mistakes you for a fish,but when it tastes human flesh it decides to give up and swims away.In the second type,the shark pushes you with(50)its(it) nose to find out if you are fit to be eaten,and then bites you if it thinks you are.In the third type,the shark waits(51)for you to swim by,and then attacks you suddenly.The last two types of attack more often result in the death of humans.
To reduce the risk of a shark attack,you should follow these(52)suggestions(suggestion).
•Do not swim in the dark.Sharks can still see you but you cannot see them.
•Do not go (53)swimming(swim) in the ocean if you have a fresh wound.Sharks can smell blood over a long distance.
•Do(54)not wear bright clothing or jewellery,because sharks are attracted to the flash of colours and bright objects.
•Stay in groups,as sharks (55)usually(usual)avoid large numbers of people.

分析 本文作者主要介绍了鲨鱼的种类,最危险的鲨鱼以及三种对人类有攻击性的鲨鱼,并向人们提出了一些如何才能减少或避免受到鲨鱼攻击的建议.

解答 答案:
46 the   考查定冠词    此处用来构成形容词dangerous 的最高级形式,故在most前加the.
47 seen   考查时态    此处用在助动词have之后,表达的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响,即(可能是因为)他们已经看过电影《大白鲨》,此处应使用现在完成时;故用seen.
48  are   考查时态及主谓一致     根据上下文都使用了一般现在时可知,此处讲述的是鲨鱼目前的状况;由于此处用在there be结构中,并且句中的主语three types of shark attacks表达的是复数意义,故用are.
49 attacks  考查时态    此处用在主句中作谓语,根据because引导的原因状语从句使用了一般现在时可知,此处也应使用一般现在时;由于主语the shark为第三人称单数形式,故用attacks.
50 its  考查形容词性的物主代词   此处用来修饰名词 nose,指代的是鲨鱼的(鼻子);故用its.
51 for   考查固定搭配    wait for 意为:等待,故用for.
52 suggestions  考查名词的单复数  根据前面的修饰语 these可知,此处指的是:这些建议,由于suggestion是可数名词,故用suggestions.
 53 swimming  考查固定词组    go swimming;去游泳;故用swimming.
54 not   考查句意理解以及祈使句的否定形式    本句的意思是:不要穿鲜艳的衣服或戴珠宝首饰,因为鲨鱼会被闪光的颜色和明亮的物体所吸引;此处表达的是否定的意思,故在Do后加not.
55 usually  考查频度副词    此处用在实义动词avoid之前,意为:通常;故用频度副词usually.

点评 本题主要考查了各种语法在短文中的具体运用.做本题时,需要在正确理解短文的前提下,逐句分析句意以及所考查到的语法现象;因此在平时的学习中,应熟练掌握各种语法知识,其中包括词法,句法,各种时态语态以及虚拟语气等.

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