Speaking two languages can actually help reduce some effects of aging on the brain.a new study has found．Researchers tested how long participants needed to(41)A from one cognitive task to another.som 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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1．Speaking two languages can actually help reduce some effects of aging on the brain，a new study has found．
Researchers tested how long participants needed to（41）A from one cognitive （认知）task to another，something that's known to（42）D longer for older adults，said lead researcher，Brain Gold，an expert at the University of Kentucky，"It has great effects these days because our population is
（43）B gradually，"Gold said．"Seniors are（44）C longer，and that's a good thing，but it's only a good thing（45）D a certain degree that their brains are（46）B．"
Gold's team compared task-switching of younger and older（47）A，knowing they would find slower speeds in the（48）C population because of previous studies．（49）D，they found that older adults who spoke two languages were able to switch mental gear （齿轮）（50）A than those who didn't．
First，Gold and his team（51）B 30 people，who were either bilingual （双语的）（52）C monolingual （单语的），to look at a series of colored shapes and（53）D with the name of each shape by pushing a button．Then，they（54）A the participants with a similar series of colored shapes and asked them to respond with what（55）Cthe shapes were by pushing a button．The bilingual people had the（56）Bto respond faster to the shifting prompts （提示）．
Researchers then gathered 80 more people for a second（57）A； 40bilinguals and 40monolinguals．This time，researchers used FMRI machines to（58）D brain activity during the same shape-and color-identifying（59）C．Gold and his team found that bilingual people had different brain activity than their monolingual peers．
"Learning a second language in childhood was thought of as（60）A，"Gold said．"Actually，it's beneficial．"

41．A．switch	B．perform	C．jump	D．transport
42．A．hold	B．spend	C．last	D．take
43．A．increasing	B．aging	C．growing	D．exploding
44．A．surviving	B．staying	C．living	D．expecting
45．A．with	B．in	C．at	D．to
46．A．powerful	B．healthy	C．sensitive	D．special
47．A．adults	B．researchers	C．leaders	D．seniors
48．A．random	B．ordinary	C．older	D．younger
49．A．Thus	B．Otherwise	C．Besides	D．However
50．A．faster	B．slower	C．longer	D．better
51．A．paid	B．asked	C．promised	D．forced
52．A．yet	B．nor	C．or	D．and
53．A．remember	B．realize	C．recall	D．reply
54．A．presented	B．rewarded	C．assisted	D．treated
55．A．forms	B．types	C．colors	D．sizes
56．A．right	B．ability	C．opportunity	D．determination
57．A．experiment	B．conclusion	C．lesson	D．task
58．A．recognize	B．improve	C．make	D．record
59．A．tools	B．scores	C．tasks	D．games
60．A．useless	B．reasonable	C．simple	D．interesting

分析文章讲述了通过一些研究表明多学一门语言对大脑的发育以及对事物的反应有很大的作用，并通过两项实验加以说明，意在呼吁大家多学一门语言，对自身事有益的．

解答 41-45 ADBCD 46-50 BACDA 51-55 BCDAC 56-60 BADCA
41．A 考查词意辨析 A．switch转换 B．perform表演 C．jump跳跃 D．transport运输．根据句意：研究者测验参与者多久需要从一个认识工作转换到下一个认识工作．故选A．
42．D 考查动词解析 A．hold抓住 B．spend花费 C．last最后 D．take拿．老年人要花更长的时间从一个认识工作转换到下一个认识工作，而"take longer"意为花更长的时间．故选D．
43．B 考查细节理解 A．increasing有趣的 B．aging 熟化C．growing增加的 D．exploding爆炸．从前一句的额"for older adults"可知此处的意思是我们的人口逐渐老龄化．故选B．
44．C 考查推理判断 A．surviving幸存 B．staying停留 C．living活着 D．expecting期望．根据文中大意应该是年长者活的更久，而"living longer"有活的更久之意．故选C．
45．D 考查介词辨析 A．with和 B．in在…里面 C．at在 D．to对于．句意：仅仅在一定程度上是一件好事．对于什么事，介词要用to．故选D．
46．B 考查推理判断 A．powerful有影响力的 B．healthy健康 C．sensitive真诚的 D．special特殊的．根据题意，应该是年长者的大脑很健康，而不是具有影响力．故选B．
47．A 考查细节理解 A．adults成年人 B．researchers研究人员 C．leaders领导人 D．seniors年长者．从下一句中"they found that older adults who spoke two languages"可知，此处是"longer adults年长的成年人（老年人）"．故选A．
48．C 考查推理判断 A．random随意的 B．ordinary通常的 C．older老的 D．younger年轻的．由前一句说对年轻人以及老年人进行研究，从常理还有下一句来判断应该是老年人对转换的速度比年轻人更慢．故选C．
49．D 考查细节理解 A．Thus因此 B．Otherwise另外 C．Besides而且 D．However可是．从该空前、后的"who spoke two languages"、"than those who didn't"可知此处是转折，而however有转折之意．故选D．
50．A 考查推理判断 A．faster更快 B．slower更慢 C．longer更长 D．better更好．从常理判断学习两种语言的老年人大脑普遍比只会一种语言的老年人转换的快．故选A．
51．B 考查动词解析 A．paid支付 B．asked请 C．promised承诺 D．forced强迫．句意为：Gold和他的团队请了30个人进行一项实验，而不可能是强迫．故选B．
52．C 考查短语辨析 A．yet然而 B．nor也不 C．or或者 D．and和．"either…or"意为"要么…要么…"与文中相符．故选C．
53．D 考查动词解析 A．remember记得 B．realize领悟 C．recall想起 D．reply回应．从下文"by pushing a button"以及"asked them to respond"可知此处应该是通过按按钮来回应．故选D．
54．A 考查动词解析 A．presented显示 B．rewarded报答 C．assisted坚持 D．treated对待．句意：他们想参与者显示一系列相似的颜色形状，只有presented符合文章意思．故选A．
55．C 考查细节理解 A．forms形式 B．types类型 C．colors颜色 D．sizes尺码．根据前面的"with a similar series of colored shapes"可知此处的意思应该是回应这个形状是什么颜色的．故选C．
56．B 考查名词解析 A．right权利 B．ability能力 C．opportunity机会 D．determination决定．句意：会两种语言的人在转换提示下具有回答更快的能力．故选B．
57．A 考查推理判断 A．experiment 实验B．conclusion结论 C．lesson课程 D．task任务．根据上文，此处应该是研究者搜集了80人进行了另一项实验．故选A．
58．D 考查细节理解 A．recognize认识 B．improve改善 C．make做 D．record记录．从"used FMRI machines"可知应该是在进行一样的颜色与形状确认中，用机器记录大脑活动．故选D．
59．C 考查推理判断 A．tools工具 B．scores得分 C．tasks任务 D．games游戏．从日常推断，因为这是个实验，所以对于参与者来说按照研究者的要求辨别颜色与形状是一项任务，应认真对待，而不是游戏．故选C．
60．A 考查细节理解 A．useless没用的 B．reasonable合理的 C．simple单一的 D．interesting有趣的．从后文"Actually，it's beneficial"可知词出应该是与beneficial意思相反．故选A．

点评近几年高考试题中完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以必须要先通读一到两遍，才能大致了解文章内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配，时态以及语法等．答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确．

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