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    Television is a relatively stable advertising medium. In many ways, the television ads today are almost the same to those two decades ago. Most television ads still feature actors, still run 30 or 60 seconds, and still show a product. However, the different medium of the Internet causes unique challenges to advertisers, forcing them to adapt their practices and techniques.
    In the early days of Internet marketing, online advertisers used banner (框式广告) and pop-up ads (弹出式广告) to attract customers. These techniques reached large audiences, led to many sales leads, and came at a low cost. However, a small number of Internet users began to consider these advertising techniques annoying. Yet because marketing strategies relying heavily on banners and pop-ups produced results, companies invested growing amounts of money into purchasing these ad types. As consumers became more complicated, frustration with these online advertising techniques grew. Independent programmers began to develop tools that blocked banner and pop-up ads.
    A major development in online marketing came with the introduction of pay-per-click ads. Unlike banner or pop-up ads, which originally required companies to pay every time a website visitor saw an ad, pay-per-click ads allowed companies to pay only when an interested potential customer clicked on an ad. More importantly, however, these ads are not affected by the pop-up and banner blockers. As a result of these advantages and the incredible growth in the use of search engines, which provide excellent places for pay-per-click advertising, a great number of companies began turning to pay-per-click marketing. However, as with the banner and pop-up ads, pay-per-click ads came with their shortcomings. When companies began pouring billions of dollars into this emerging medium, online advertising specialists started to notice the presence of what would later be called click fraud (欺诈): representatives of a company with no interest in the product advertised by a competitor click on the competitor’s ads simply to increase the marketing cost of the competitor. Click fraud grew so rapidly that marketers sought to diversify (摆脱) their online positions away from pay-per-click marketing through new mediums.
    Although pay-per-click advertising remains a common and effective advertising tool, marketers adapted yet again to the changing elements of the Internet by adopting new techniques such as pay-per-performance advertising. As the pace of the Internet’s evolution increases, it seems all the more likely that advertising successfully on the Internet will require a strategy that avoids constancy (持续性) and welcomes change.
    小题1:What is the main idea of the passage?
    A．The pace of the Internet’s evolution is increasing and will only increase in the future.
    B．Internet advertising fails to reach Internet users, causing ads to be blocked.
    C．The Internet has experienced dramatic changes in short periods of time.
    D．Rapid development of the Internet calls for new advertising strategies and mediums.
    小题2:As an advertising medium, the television and the Internet mainly differ in ________.
    A．the type of individual each medium reaches
    B．whether the medium is interactive
    C．the pace at which the medium develops
    D．the cost of advertising with each medium
    小题3:According to the passage, which of the following is a typical click fraud?
    A．Using software to block competitors’ advertisements.
    B．Clicking on the pay-per-click ads of competitors.
    C．Clicking on the banner advertisements of opponent companies.
    D．Using search engine to attack the pages of competitors.
    小题4:What does the author imply about the future of pay-per-performance advertising?
    A．It will eventually become less popular just like other forms of Internet advertising.
    B．It will not face shortcomings due to its differing approach to online marketing.
    C．Internet users will develop free software to block its effectiveness.
    D．Although it improves on pay-per-click advertising, it still suffers from click fraud.

    小题1:D
    小题2:C
    小题3:B
    小题4:A

    试题分析：文章介绍了随着互联网的发展，互联网广告的出现和发展变化。
    小题1:考查文章大意。框式广告和弹出式广告在起到宣传作用的同时，也给互联网用户带来了烦恼，有人开始制作工具来阻止框式和弹出式广告。互联网的发展需要新的广告策略。故选D。
    小题2:工具第一段第一句“Television is a relatively stable advertising medium.”可知，电视作为广告媒体，广告形式比较稳定，而互联网媒介的广告形式却不断地发生变化。故选C。
    小题3:工具第三段倒数第二行“to increase the marketing cost of the competitor.”可知，那种为了增加竞争对手的开支而进行的点击，属于广告欺诈。故选B。
    小题4:根据最后一段可知，互联网的发展速度非常快，因此，与之有关的广告形式必须不断的改变。最好的情况就是，运用一种能够避开持续性的变化的策略。故选A。
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