江苏省南通市通州区2009届高考查漏补缺专项检测
英 语
第I卷 (三部分 共85分)
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分5 分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the woman want to go to America?
A. To take language courses. B. To attend a conference. C. To visit some friends.
2. What do know about Peter Smith?
A. He is having lunch a home. B. He is out at the moment. C. He is talking with Mary.
3. What is said about the woman?
A. She spends more than she earns.
B. She saves a lot each month
C. She has a tight budget.
4. What do we know about the speakers?
A. They are know traveling in Mexico.
B. They have been to a festival in Mexico.
C. They painted some pictures in Mexico.
5. What is the woman doing?
A. Helping children with AIDS.
B. Raising money for African children.
C. Collecting information on African children.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题 1 分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What was the man doing during the earthquake?
A. Shouting. B. Running. C. Sleeping.
7. How was the man when the earthquake took place?
A. He was ill. B. He was helpless. C. He was frightened.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Why does the boy love Sunday?
A. He can play basketball.
B. He has no classes at school.
C. He can watch sports on TV.
9. What is the boy expected to do?
A. To help with housework. B. To watch a game on TV. C. To have a good rest.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is said about medical development in the future?
A. Health care will be free. B. Cancer may be cured. C. AIDS may disappear.
11. What will make distant places more popular for holiday?
A. Better air service. B. Faster air transport. C. Lower cost for air travel.
12. What is the topic of this interview?
A. Future ways of travelling.
B. Medical progress in the future.
C. Changes of life in the next decade.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is the woman going now?
A. To an art museum. B. To a Chinese restaurant. C. To an underground station.
14. Why does the woman come to the city?
A. For business. B. For traveling. C. For shopping.
15. Why does the man recommend the restaurant to the woman?
A. The service there is good. B. The food there is tasty. C. The price there is low.
16. According to the man, which is the best means of transport to the restaurant?
A. The bus. B. The taxi. C. The underground.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind of passage have you just heard?
A. A public lecture. B. A radio announcement. C. A government statement.
18. What is the main purpose of the event?
A. To increase people’s sense of environment protection.
B. To invite people to join an environmental organization.
C. To persuade families to have an outing in the mountains.
19. How many trees are going to be planted today?
A. 700. B. 2000. C. 4000.
20. What does the speaker advise volunteers to do?
A. To learn some tree-planting skills.
B. To come along any time they like.
C. To bring along their gloves.
第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. Ukraine’s people elects Yulia Tymoshenko as _______ prime minister, _______ step that could accelerate the nation’s push to become close to the west.
A. the; a B./; a C. the; the D./ ; the
22. It was reported that 208 couples tied the knot in a group of wedding ceremony held in front of the Bird’s Nest in Beijing, _______ 230 had taken part in the Olympic security work.
A. whom B. which C. in which D. of whom
23. _______ we can’t remove our troubles in life for ever, we can leave them behind when we are on vacation.
A. When B. While C. Unless D. Until
24. ―I can’t imagine Phelps smoking marijuana (大麻).
―___________.
A. Nor am I B. So do I C. Me, too D. Me, neither
25. Many students in this school make _______ a rule to come to the evening classes even on Saturdays.
A. this B. that C. it D. them
26. Despite the great success of Chang’e-l, experts say, it will be at least ten years _______ our astronauts can land on the moon.
A. while B. before C. since D. until
27. ―The experiment is of particular importance.
―I see. We will carry on with it ________ we can get enough money.
A. unless B. though C. whether D. then
28. Steven has a lot of work to _________ in the office since he has been away for quite a few days.
A. take up B. make up C. work out D. carry out
29. Smith was overweight, so the doctor urged that not only _______ have less fat and meat, but also he _______ .
A. should he; take exercise B. ought he; take exercise
C. he should; takes exercise D. he ought; takes exercise
30. ―You shouldn’t have talked back to our teacher like that. It was awfully impolite.
―You are right. I _______ crazy at that moment.
A. must have been B. might be
C. could have been D. should have been
31. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is __________ I disagree.
A. where B. that C. what D. how
32. ―When _____ the next plane from Boston arrive, please?
―Usually at 13:15 but because of the storm, it ________ at 13:45.
A. does; is going to arrive B. will; arrives
C. does; will arrive D. will; is to arrive
33. I just don’t understand _______ that leads to so many teenagers becoming addicted to playing computer games.
A. why it does B. what it does C. what it is D. why it is。
34. Nowadays, in India, women with independent incomes are refusing to _______ the traditional idea of marriage.
A. submit to B. contribute to C. devote to D. subscribe to
35. ―Your flight is boarding now. We’ll have to part.
―Don’t feel blue. _________.
A. A still tongue makes a wise head B. A single flower does not make a spring
C. All good things come to an end D. All that glitters is not gold.
第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We always celebrated my Dad’s November birthday on Thanksgiving Day, even after he entered a nursing home. As years went on, these events took on a(n) 36 meaning －a traditional birthday party for Dad, and a personal 37 for all that he had done for me in my life.
When we knew that it might be Dad’s 38 birthday, the whole family decided to come together for a huge birthday celebration at the 39 home. It was a crowded party with all of us sitting around him. Dad was a wonderful 40 , and here was a biggest audience he’d ever had.
During a quiet moment, I announced that it was now Dad’s turn to 41 stories from us. I wanted everyone to tell Dad what we loved about him. 42 , we told stories from our hearts, 43 Dad listened with wet, flashing blue eyes. We 44 all kinds of lost memories － stories about when we were little, stories about when Dad was young and stories that are shared as family 45 . Even the littlest grandchildren couldn’t 46 to tell their grandfather why they loved him. For a man who had been kind to so many people in his life, here was our 47 to honor him.
A few months later, at Dad’s memorial service, we fully realized what we had given Dad that night. Those were the stories people normally tell at a 48 . They are told, then, full of tears, with the hope that the departed will 49 hear the outpouring of love. But we had given those loving 50 to Dad when he was 51 , told through laughter, accompanied by hugs and joy. I’m sure the stories and memories 52 over in his mind during his last months and days.
Words do 53 , and they are enough. We need to say them, to speak them 54 to the ones we love, for everyone else to hear. That’s the way to 55 love, and our chance to honor a person in life.
36. A. original B. modern C. double D. complex
37. A. apology B. congratulation C. wish D. thanking
38. A. late B. last C. living D. lost
39. A. native B. nursing C. natural D. new
40. A. writer B. listener C. storyteller D. reader
41. A. listen to B. hear of C. make up D. talk about
42. A. Little by little B. Now and then C. All at once D. One after another
43. A. while B. because C. if D. before
44. A. regretted B. recorded C. recalled D. remembered
45. A. thoughts B. possessions C. tales D. treasures
46. A. afford B. wait C. offer D. help
47. A. task B. duty C. chance D. decision
48. A. burial B. party C. meeting D. wedding
49. A. altogether B. afterwards C. anyway D. somehow
50. A. kindness B. memories C. care D. hugs
51. A. healthy B. old C. young D. alive
52. A. rolled B. went C. flied D. came
53. A. benefit B. work C. matter D. mean
54. A. properly B. publicly C. clearly D. correctly
55. A. give back B. search for C. hand over D. fall in
第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As you dash outdoors in the middle of winter, you might make it halfway down the block before realizing that your ears are freezing because you forgot your hat.
Now, scientists have shown that even though you’ve had an apparent memory lapse (丧失)，your brain never forgot what you should have done.
Memory works mainly by association. For example, as you try to remember where you left your keys, you might recall you last had them in the living room, which reminds you that there was an ad for soap on television, which reminds you that you need soap, and so on. And then, as you’re heading out the door to buy soap, you remember that your keys are on the kitchen counter.
Your brain knew where the keys were all along, it just took a round-about way to get there.
Now, scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies are studying associative memory in monkeys to figure out just how this complicated process works.
First, the researchers trained a group of monkeys to remember arbitrary pairs of symbols.
The researchers showed the monkeys one symbol (cold weather) and then gave them the choice of two other symbols, one of which (a hat) would be associated with the first. A correct choice would earn them a sip of their favorite juice.
Most of the monkeys performed the test perfectly, but one kept making mistakes.
“We wondered what happened in the brain when the monkeys made the wrong choice, although they apparently learned the right pairing of symbols,” said study leader Thomas Albright.
Albright and his team observed signals from the nerve cells in the monkey’s inferior temporal cortex (ITC), an area of its brain used for visual pattern recognition and for storing this type of memory.
As the monkey was deciding which symbol to choose, about a quarter of the activity in the ITC was due to the choice behavior.
Meanwhile, more than half of the activity was in a different group of nerve cells, which scientists believe represent the monkey’s memory of the correct symbol pairing, and surprisingly, these cells continued to fire even when the monkey chose the wrong symbol.
“In this sense, the cells ‘knew’ more than the monkeys let on in their behavior,” Albright said. “Thus, behavior may vary, but knowledge endures.”
56. The example of the keys and soap is given to explain the relationship between _________.
A. memory lapse and human brain B. memory and association
C. memory and television ads D. memory and our daily life
57. Which of the following best explains the general idea of the text?
A. Your brain may forget something, but not always.
B. Activity is a round-about way to memory.
C. Your brain remembers what you forget.
D. Monkeys have better memory than us.
58. The underlined word “endures” may best be replaced by ________.
A. disappears B. increases C. improves D. remains
B
① Associate Product Manager －New Grad －Beijing
Responsibilities include working with engineers to define products, understanding user needs, researching markets and competitors, and strategizing (制定战略计划) future product directions. As you gain more experience, there’s an opportunity for promotion within the organization.
Requirements:
☆ Bachelor’s degree and more than one year of job experience.
☆ Strong organizational and analytical skills.
② Director of Education ―Sylvan Learning Centers ―Long Beach, California
Job description: As a successful director of education, your primary responsibility will be to champion the Sylvan developed curriculum, ensure the quality of the education standards and teachings staff as well as grow the business in your center. We require：
☆ Bachelor’s degree and at least 2 years of teaching experience.
☆ Managerial experience.
③ Area Export Manager ―Beijing Import & Export Corporation ―Beijing
Highly dynamic company is looking for bright, experienced salesperson who will be responsible for the export of frozen seafood and other commodities between China and the USA, Australia, and Canada.
Qualifications:
―Excellent level of English, spoken and written.
―Excellent communication and organizational skills.
―Experienced salesperson with proven results in fast-moving consumer goods essential, preferable in frozen seafood market.
④ Subeditor ―Media Contacts ―London
Working in the fascinating world of law and enforcement(执法), you will be making sure that you are meeting the exceptionally high standards of copy for this company. As part of a team of six, you will be meeting tight deadlines on a daily basis and ensuring regular flow of articles onto the website. Must have a keen eye for detail and confidence in working with challenging copy. Proven track record in subediting, and a practical knowledge of publishing law are required.
Job title
Casual trainer (first aid)
Employer
Medilife
Location
Sydney, NSW Australia 2150
Job type
Part-time
⑤
Job description: Medilife requires able, reliable trainers who can demonstrate the qualities of flexibility and loyalty and join their young, fun-living team. Successful applicants will receive excellent hourly rates. Suitable training provided to the right applicant.
⑥
Job title
Web Designer/Developer―Arlington, Virginia, U.S
Company name
Nature Serve
Job type
Full-time
Job status
Web Designer/Developer
Job function
Web development/ Design Marketing
Career level
Experienced (Non-manager)
Contact information
E-mail: jobs@natureserve.org
59. Which of the following are specially required to most of the positions in the ads?
A. Experience and responsibilities B. Experience and special skills.
C. Special skills and English. D. Responsibilities and bachelor’s degree.
60. The positions are offered in __________ different countries.
A. three B. four C. five D. six
61. Which position is possible for a fresh university graduate to apply for?
A. Web designer B. Associate product manager
C. Export manager D. Casual trainer
62. From ad④ we can infer that a subeditor’s work is to ____________.
A. write articles for website B. copy data from the Internet
C. enforce publishing laws D. examine other people’s writing
Mouse potatoes joined couch potatoes（who spend much time watching TV on the couch）, google officially became a verb and drama queens（extremely emotional persons）finally found the attention when they crossed over from popular culture to mainstream English language.
The mouse potato, the himbo（attractive, empty-headed man）and drama queen were among 100 new words added to the 2006 update of America’s best-selling dictionary, the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary《韦氏大词典》. The Internet search engine Google also found its way into the dictionary for the first time as a verb, meaning to find information quickly on the world wide web.
New words and phrases from the fields of science, technology, pop culture and industry are chosen each year by Merriam-Webster’s team of editors after months of looking through books, magazines and even food labels. “They are not tracking spoken language. They are looking for evidence that words have been used in the written English language,” said Arthur Bicknell, senior editor of Merriam-Webster.
Other words first coming into the dictionary this year were soul patch（a small growth of beard under a man’s lower lip）, unibrow（two eyebrows joining together） and supersize － the fast food industry phrase for extra large meals.
The technology world contributed ringtones（changeable incoming cellphone call signals） and spyware（software installed in a computer to track a user’s activities）while biodiesel（生物柴油）and avian influenza（禽流感）came from the world of science.
America’s first dictionary －Noah Webster’s A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language －was published 200 years ago and also introduced some fresh words that have now become familiar. Those “new” words in 1806 included slang, surf, psychology, naturally and Americanize.
63. The mouse potato refers to ____________.
A. a mouse that lives by potatoes
B. a person who spends much time on the computer
C. a mouse that is shown on the screen of the computer
D. a person who likes to eat mice and potatoes
64. Which group of words and phrases is NOT the fresh words for the dictionary of this year?
A. mouse potatoes, google, drama queen.
B. himbo, soul patch, unibrow, supersize.
C. ringtones, spyware, biodiesel, avian influenza.
D. couch potatoes, surf, psychology, Americanize.
65. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?
A. New words and phrases were introduced into the dictionary have close relationship with the time.
B. New words and phrases chosen by the editors of the dictionary have been used in written English somewhere.
C. Some words that are now familiar to us used to be fresh words collected in the dictionary.
D. The Merriam-webster Collegiate Dictionary becomes the best-seller because 100 new words are added to it.
66. The text is mainly about that ____________.
A. 100 fresh words are added to the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary
B. English words change their meaning with the time passing by
C. English language is becoming more and more difficult to learn
D. the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary will leave out some old words and introduce some new ones.
D
Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic parents, was about to be lost forever, by the U.S. education system. He had been failing since first grade. Steve was a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a twelve year old, yet, Steve went unnoticed... until Miss White.
Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful redhead, and Steve was in love! For the first time in his young life, he couldn’t take his eyes off his teacher; yet, still he failed. He never did his homework, and he was always in trouble with Miss White. His heart would break he was punished for failing to turn in his homework! Still, he did not study.
In the middle of the first term of school, the entire seventh grade was tested for basic skills. Steve hurried through his tests, and continued to dream of other things. His heart was in the woods, where he often escaped alone, trying to shut out the sights, sounds and smells of his alcoholic home.
One day, Miss White’s impatient voice broke into his daydreams.
“Steve!” he turned to look at her.
“Pay attention!”
Steve locked his eyes on Miss White with adolescent adoration, as she began to go over the test results for the seventh grade.
“You all did pretty well,” she told the class, “except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this, but...” She hesitated.
“...The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class!”
She just stared at Steve, as the class turned around for a good look. Steve dropped his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
After that, it was war!! Steve still wouldn’t do his homework even as the punishments became more severe.
“Just try it! ONE WEEK!” He was unmoved.
“You’re smart enough! You’ll see a change!” Nothing happened.
“Give yourself a chance! Don’ give up on your life!” Nothing.
“Steve! Please! I care about you!”
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it!! Someone cared about him? Someone, totally perfect, CARED ABOUT HIM!
Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon. He, quickly, gathered up his camping things, this time including his schoolbooks. Determined, he headed for the woods.
The following Monday he arrived at school on time, and he waited for Miss White to enter the classroom. She walked in, all sparkle and smiles! God, she was beautiful! He expected her smile to turn on him. It did not.
Miss White, immediately, gave a quiz on the weekend homework. Steve hurried through the test, and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of surprise, Miss White took his paper. Obviously puzzled, she began to look it over. Steve walked back to his desk, his heart beating within his chest. As he sat down, he couldn’t resist another look at the lovely woman.
Miss White’s face was in total shock! She glanced up at Steve, then down, then up. Suddenly, her face broke into a bright smile. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!
From that moment nothing was the same for Steve. Life at home remained the same, but life still changed. He discovered that not only could he learn, but he was good at it! And he continued this course throughout his school life.
After high-school Steve entered the Navy, and he had a successful military career. During his Naval career, he inspired many young people, who without him, might not have believed in themselves.
You see, it’s simple, really. A change took place within the heart of one boy, all because of one teacher, who cared.
67. According to the passage, Miss White can NOT be described as___________.
A. young and beautiful B. smiling but strict
C. charming and encouraging D. impatient but loving
68. How did Miss White’s expression change when she got Steve’s paper?
A. satisfied ―shocked ―surprised ―puzzled
B. puzzled ―surprised ―shocked ―satisfied
C. surprised ―puzzled ―shocked ―satisfied
D. surprised ―shocked ―satisfied ―puzzled
69. Which of the following statements is NOT right according to the passage?
A. Steve fell in love with Miss White at the first sight of her.
B. Steve’s parents were so addicted to drinking that they paid little attention to Steve’s life.
C. Steve would rather stay in the woods to keep himself away from his home.
D. Having being punished many times, Steve determined to work hard and passed his first test.
70. Which of the following can serve as the best title for this passage?
A. The difference a teacher can make B. The school life of a stubborn boy
C. The importance of family education D. The skills of being a good teacher
第Ⅱ卷 (两部分 共35分)
第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格处里填人最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格填1个单词。
I used to be the messiest person alive. Over the years, through watching others and by trial and error, I have finally found ways to come up with plans, organize them and follow through with them.
Make an outline of everything you need to have and do to make your plan happen. Make a list of all of the steps that need to be accomplished and think about what needs to be done.
Detail everything thoroughly and read over it so you can start coming up with some mental solutions of how to carry out your plans.
You should ensure that if for some reason way one doesn’t work, you have way two and way three to lean back on. Therefore, different ways are needed at hand. It’s just a matter of being organized. Chances are that there is always more than one way of doing things, and chances are that if one of those ways doesn’t work, one of the other ones will.
Committing yourself to finishing at least part if not all of your plan at once is also necessary. It will show that you not only have initiative to get things rolling, but that you are interested in the results obtained with making the move to get everything done.
If you make a commitment to finish before a specific time, make sure that you carry that out, and be sure to do everything in the way you said you would, within the time-frame you set for yourself.
Don’t try to tackle more things all at a time. All that does is delay your progress, distract you and make you lose your interest, motivation and energy.
Carrying out an effective plan requires being as organized as possible. You will only achieve this by sticking to the order of the plan and not deviating or trying to do more at a time.
Last but not the least, you should never abandon things mid-project. It will only annoy everyone around you including yourself. Unfinished plans are a waste of time, energy and, in some cases, even money.
So, don’t be afraid of organization. The older we get, the more necessary it becomes to have the skills necessary to follow through with confidence and to be able to carry through plans in an organized and manageable way. It pays to be organized, after all.
Title: Tips on how to be (71)___________ in your life
Tips
Details
(72)___________
(73)___________ down your plan
◆List everything you need
◆List (74)________ you will follow
To make your plan happen
Prepare three (75)__________ ways to carry out your plan
To (76) __________ that you can have some other choices when one way doesn’t work
(77) ___________ to finish at least part of your plan if not all
Do everything (78)__________ your own time-frame
To show yourself you are determined to get things started and caring about the results
Do one thing at once
Stick to the order of your plan
To save your interest, motivation and energy
Finish what you have started
To get your plan (79) ________out thoroughly.
(80)_________________
You shouldn’t be afraid of organization because it’s really worthwhile.
第五部分 书面表达(满分25分)
请根据下表提供的信息为《21世纪英文报》写一篇150词左右的报道，介绍西部贫困地区的一所农村学校接受“希望工程”资助后的变化。
受资助前
受资助后
学校名称
李庄学校
希望学校
学生情况
多数学生因家贫辍学
辍学学生全部复学
办学条件
只有一所危房作教室；操场只是一块空地；一间办公室
一栋2层教学楼，包括音乐室、美术室、微机室等；体育设备齐全
你的感想
……（考生自拟）
Children Return to School
Thanks to the Hope Project, great changes have taken place in a western country school.
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31种解题方法让你考试无忧（21）
切割法
晶体结构微观，如何确定晶体内指定粒子的数目，需要通过想象而完成，因此显得特别难。切割法是突破这一难点的一种方法。
●难点磁场
请试做下列题目，然后自我界定学习本篇是否需要。
根据图21―1推测，CsCl晶体中：
图21―1
(1)每个Cs＋周围距离相等且最近的Cs＋数目为___________；
(2)每个Cs＋周围距离相等且次近的Cs＋数目为___________；
(3)每个Cs＋周围相邻的Cs＋数目为___________。
●案例探究
[例题]图21―2中直线交点处的圆圈为氯化钠晶体中Na＋或Cl－所处的位置，请将其中代表Na＋的圆圈涂黑，以完成氯化钠晶体结构示意图，图中每个Na＋周围与它最接近且距离相等的Na＋共有______个。
命题意图：本题主要考查学生对图形的观察能力和三维空间想象能力。
知识依托：NaCl的晶体结构，三维空间。
错解分析：不清楚NaCl晶体中Na＋、Cl－个数比为1∶1，不知道NaCl晶体中Na＋和Cl－交替出现，从而不能准确将代表Na＋的圆圈涂黑；甚至有人面对众多圆圈，觉得 图21―2
无从下手。没有准确的开始，必然导致错误的结果。
解题思路：NaCl晶体是由Na＋和Cl－互相结合在一起而堆积起来的，因为同性相斥，异性相吸，阴、阳离子肯定是交替出现的。题中所给出的晶体的9个平面，每个平面的中心是1个离子，其上、下、前、后、左、右共有6个与之相反电荷的离子，平面的4个角上则是4个与之相同电荷的离子。按照这种认识，只要将题示图中任何一个圆圈涂黑(即认为它是Na＋)，然后再将与之相间隔的一个圆圈涂黑，就得到了NaCl晶体示意图。
但是，这样的涂黑，会得到两种不同的图形：一种处于立方体中心的是Na＋，另一种则是处于立方体中心的是Cl－。
如果得到前一种图形，对这两个问题的回答将比较方便；如果得到后一种图形，回答第二个问题时将会困难一些。为方便观察，首先应该把处于立方体中心的那个圆圈涂黑，让它表示Na＋。
居于立方体中心的Na＋，实际上共有3个平面通过。这样，我们可对该图形沿x―平面、y―平面、z―平面分别进行切割，得到如下三个平面：
图21―3
从图21―3中可以清楚地看出，在通过中心Na＋的3个平面内，每个平面都有4个Na＋居于平面的4个角上(也即4个顶点上)，这4个Na＋与中心Na＋距离最近且距离相等，符合题目要求。因此，在NaCl晶体中，每个Na＋周围与它最接近且距离相等的Na＋数目是12个。
答案：或 12。
●锦囊妙计
使用切割法的关键是选择合适的切入点，得到理想的切割面，而非乱切一气。?
使用切割法的目的是将抽象、复杂的三维图形切割成形象、简单的平面图形，使通过想象难以完成的作业变得形象、具体，化难为易。?
●歼灭难点训练
1.（★★★）石墨晶体结构如图21―4所示。每个C原子周围离它最近且距离相等的C原子个数是( )
A.3 B
图21―4 图21―5?
2.（★★★★）图21―5所示结构是干冰晶体中具有代表性的最小重复单元。则每个CO2分子周围距离相等且最近的CO2分子数目为( )
A.6 B.8 C.10 D.12
3.(★★★★)如图21―6，是钾、氧两元素形成的一种晶体在高温时的立体结构。该结构是具有代表性的最小重复单元。试问：每个钾离子周围最近且距离相等的钾离子、氧离子数目分别是________和________。
图21―6
4.(★★★★★)钼有一种含氧酸根[MoxOy]z－，式中x、y、z都是正整数；Mo呈＋6价，O呈－2价。可按下面的步骤来理解该含氧酸根的结构：
A.所有Mo原子的配位数都是6，形成[MoO6]n－，呈正八面体，称为“小八面体”(图21―7，只画出部分，下同)；
B.6个“小八面体”共棱连接可构成一个“超八面体”(图21―8)；
C.“孪超八面体”可由两个“超八面体”共用2个小八面体形成(图21―9)。
图21―7 图21―8 图21―9
(1)小八面体的化学式[MoO6]n－的n=___________。
(2)超八面体的化学式是 。
(3)“孪超八面体”的化学式是 。
柳州铁一中2008―2009学年度高三年级第八次月考
文科综合试卷
命题：文波 杜雅静 蒋崇军 审题：张建军 徐智平 何天逸 考试时间：2009年4月 11 日
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分300分，考试时间150分钟。
第I卷（选择题，共140分）
本卷共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
读“四个区域的地形和河流分布图”，回答1―2题。
1．据图判断，下列说法正确的是
①四幅图中，比例尺最小的是甲图 ②乙区域所在大洲的人口自然增长率最大
③丙区域中的河流含沙量小，结冰期长 ④丁区域有世界重要商品粮生产国
A．①② B．①③ C.③④ D．②④
2．经乙区域西岸沿海运往丁区域的物质最主要是
A．木材 B．粮食 C．石油 D．电子产品
图2为一幅地层分布图。完成3～4题。
3．岩层①、②、③按从老到新的正确排序是
A．①②③ B．③②① C．②③① D．②①③
4．岩层①、②、③、④中不可能含有化石的是
A．①、② B．③、④ C．②、③ D．①、④
图3为我国某特大城市示意图。完成5～6题。
5．早期该城市选址的主要区位优势是
A．地形平坦 B．矿产丰富 C．靠近河流 D．气候适宜
6．该城市对石油化工厂、高级住宅区的建设规划，合理的是
A．M―高级住宅区，N―石油化工厂 B．P―高级住宅区， Q―石油化工厂
C．M―高级住宅区， Q―石油化工厂 D．P―高级住宅区， N―石油化工厂
图4是我国沿海某城市在一次台风中的风向和风力变化图。风杆(长线段)上绘有风尾(短线段)的一方指示风向，每一道风尾表示风力2级。完成7～8题．
7．在图示天气过程中，台风中心的移动方向是
A．由西南移向东北 B．由东北移向西南 C．由西北移向东南 D．由东南移向西北
8．南北纬5°之间的海洋上很少形成台风，其主要原因是
A．海面水温低 B．空气以下沉气流为主 C．地转偏向力太小 D．空气湿度太大
下面四幅景观图分别是我国已经列为世界遗产的地点，读图回答
9．如果按照纬度从南到北排列，正确的顺序是
A．平遥古城 皖南村落 开平碉楼 避暑山庄 B．避暑山庄 平遥古城 开平碉楼 皖南村落
C．开平碉楼 平遥古城 避暑山庄 皖南村落 D．开平碉楼 皖南村落 平遥古城 避暑山庄
图中MN为晨昏线，阴影与空白区域分属不同的日期，读图回答10―11题。
10．如果上图为南半球，北京时间为
A．0时 B．8时 C．12时 D．16时
11．如果上图为北半球，下列地理现象可能出现的是
A．此时太阳直射点位于赤道 B．湄公河正值汛期
C．三江平原正值小麦收获季节 D．巴西高原草木繁茂
12．在中国古代皇帝有至高无上的权力，地位独尊。以下属于对皇帝尊称的是
①天子②孤③圣上④殿下⑤陛下⑥圣驾
A．①②③④ B．②③④⑤ C．①③⑤⑥ D．②④⑤⑥
13．陆游ww w.ks 5u.c om《杂赋》诗写道：“今朝半醉归草市，指点青帘上酒楼”，从这句诗中，我们能
获得的最有效的信息是
A．作为乡村集市的草市出现于宋代 B．宋代的草市已具较完备的饮食服务设施
C．宋代的草市受到官吏的直接监督 D．陆游所说的草市位于东京汴河两岸
14．孔子主张社会和谐，墨子主张“兼爱”“非攻”，孟子主张“政在得民”。这些主张产生的共同社会
背景是
A．社会长期动荡不安 B．百家争鸣趋于合流 C．奴隶制度全面崩溃 D．封建制度逐步建立
15．马克思说：资本在它的萌芽时期，不能单靠经济关系的力量，还要依靠国家政权的帮助才能确保
自己的权利。明清政府的做法
A. 与马克思的观点基本一致 B. 与马克思的观点基本相反
C. 促进了资本主义萌芽的发展 D.导致了农耕经济的瓦解
16．孟德斯鸠说：“中国是一个专制的国家。它的原则是恐怖。在最初的那些朝代，政府的专制精神也
许稍微差些；但是今天的情况却正好相反。” 下列最能够反映引文中“今天的情况却正好相反”含义
的史实是
A．唐朝完善三省六部制 B．明朝废除宰相制度 C．元朝行省制度的建立 D．清朝设置军机处
17．15世纪中国出现的内阁制和18世纪英国形成的内阁制的相同之处是
A．都制约了君主的权力 B．都有利于资本主义的成长
C．都成为国家权力中心 D．都起到了巩固政权的作用
18．“大抵徽商……其所积蓄，则十一在内，十九在外。”材料表明徽商
A．注重扩大对外贸易 B．注重扩大商业资本 C．注重谋取政治地位 D．注重扩大经营范围
19．《左传》相传为左丘明解释《春秋》而作。书中记载“嘤绮夺夷阳五田”、“嘤?与丝矫争田”、“晋嘤至与周争堠田”(注：“――”部分为人名)这些历史现象反映的实质是
A．贵族间的争权夺利 B．地主土地兼并严重 C．土地日渐私有化 D．少数民族对中原的冲击
20．从下列表格中，你能得出的历史结论是
抗战时期国民党军队阵亡人数统计表（局部）
年 代
阵亡人数
1937
125130
1938
249213
1941
144951
1942
87719
A．正面战场始终抗击侵华日军主力 B．国共合作是抗战胜利的根本保证
C．国民党是领导抗战的核心力量 D．国民党军队对抗战有重大贡献
21．“某教授。1950年1月生，1968年高中毕业，1969年作为知识青年至黑龙江上山下乡。1978年考
入厦门大学经济学系，1982年分配到江西财经大学任教，1996年至1997年在美国斯坦福大学亚太研
究中心做高级访问学者……”。以上个人履历反映了
A．《义务教育法》保障了其受教育权利 B．“教育大革命”对其成才起了积极的作用
C．高考招生制度的恢复为他的人生转折提供了机遇D．作为学者访问美国得益于中美关系开始正常化
22．贝多芬于1804年创作完成了《英雄交响曲》时,他在总谱的扉页上写有“献给拿破仑．波拿巴”的字
样。后来当他听到拿破仑称帝的消息后, 贝多芬把这一页就给撕掉了,并在同年的10月出版时改成这样
一个标题:“为纪念一位伟大人物而写的英雄交响曲”。你认为贝多芬的这一举动表明了他的
A．民主主义情感 B．现实主义创作态度 C．民族主义情怀 D．个人英雄主义观念
23．一位学者认为：“除了西方自由主义的民主制度之外，已找不到足以代替它且具存活能力的其他体
系。”并认为：“世界性的意识形态斗争不再存在，代之而起的将是经济流通、无止境地解决技术问题、
环境问题以及品味微妙的消费者需求之满足。”上述说法应出现于
A．巴黎公社失败时 B．世贸组织成立时 C．欧元问世时 D．两极格局时
24．据国家统计局发布的信息，11月份，居民消费价格总水平（CPI）同比上涨2.4%，涨幅连续七个月回落。从2月份CPI同比上涨8.7%，到11月回落到2.4%，今年的物价曲线犹如过山车。引起居民消费价格总水平回落的原因有
学科①政府出台促进生产发展措施、保障市场供给 ②国家决定2008年对粮食征收出口暂定关税
学科③国际市场大宗商品价格回落，对市场的传导作用 ④央行多次降低存贷款利率，流通中货币量增加
学科网A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
中央银行宣布，从2008年11月27日起下调金融机构一年期人民币存贷款基准利率各1.08个百分点，至此一年期存款利率为2.52%。回答25―27题。
学科网25．此次央行降息1.08个百分点，调整力度之重，为近年来货币政策调控历史上所罕见。这一调控的目的是
学科网①防止经济下滑，保持经济平稳较快发展学科网 ②防止物价过快上涨，控制通货膨胀压力
学科③扩大内需，实现内需对经济的更多拉动学科网 ④降低企业用资成本，增强企业经营能力
学科网A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．①③④ D．①②④
学科网26．张某手中有1万元现金，后悔没在9月份存入银行（当时的利率是4.14%，利息税为5%）。如果他在12月1日将这1万元存入银行，一年后的利息收入会比9月份存入的利息收入
学科网A．增加141.3元 B．减少141.3元 C．增加162元 D．减少162元
学科网27．银行利率是各国政府进行调控经济常用的货币政策工具。2007年为防止经济过热，控制通胀压力，央行曾6次上调银行利率；而此次在国际金融危机波及全球，使中国经济受到严重影响的背景下，又连续下调利率。央行的这一做法体现了
学科网①符合实际的认识才具有能动作用 ②政策要随着实际的变化而变化
学科网③从实际出发，按客观规律办事 ④矛盾普遍性与特殊性相结合
学科网A．①②③ B．②③ C．②③④ D．③④
经国务院批准，财政部、国家发改委、国家工商总局联合发出通知，自2008年9月1日起，在全国统一停止征收个体工商户管理费和集贸市场管理费。回答28―29题。
学科网28．个体工商户的管理费是目前个体经济的最后一项行政事业性收费。管理费的停征
学科网①有利于个体经济的发展 ②体现市场经济的开放性
学科网③鼓励自主创业带动就业 ④减轻个体工商户的负担
学科网A．①③ B．①④ C．②③④ D．①③④
学科网29．随着社会主义市场经济体制的建立和不断完善，工商行政管理部门的职能发生了新变化，表现在
学科网①弱化了政府管理部门的管理职能 ②对市场的管理不再使用行政手段
学科网③主要是进行市场监管，提供公共服务 ④对市场的管理以经济手段、法律手段为主
学科网A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①② D．③④
30．下表是央行2008年历次调整利率后股市的表现：
学科网调整时间
调整内容
沪指表现
2008年10月30日
一年期存贷款基准利率下调0.27个百分点
跌1.97%
2008年10月9日
一年期存贷款基准利率下调0.27个百分点
跌3.57%
2008年9月16日
一年期贷款基准利率下调0.27个百分点
跌2.9%
一般情况下， 银行利润与股票价格成反比，但银行利率几次下调，低迷的股市都没有好转。这一
经济现象体现的哲学道理是
学科网①事物的联系是具体的、有条件的 ②存在原因不一定产生结果的现象
网 ③存在一种结果由多种原因引起的现象 ④存在一种原因产生多种结果的现象
学A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③ D．②④
31．有些用人单位在招聘大学生时都要附加上“有工作经验”者优先，对此大学生持反对态度，认为“如果社会不提供机会，我们就永远没有工作经验”。大学生观点的合理性在于
A．看到实践具有主观能动性，先有认识后有实践 B．认为实践决定认识，认识源于实践
学C．承认认识总是随着实践的发展而发展 学 D．认识到了学习知识比参加实践更重要
的厄运而不是通过你自己的厄运来学得聪明”这句话所
强调的是
A．别人的经验是获得知识的重要途径
B．知识是从直接经验与间接经验中获得的
C．别人的经验都是正确的，要学会利用
D．一般情况下间接经验比直接经验重要
33．中央经济工作会议提出，要把保持经济平稳较快发展作为2009年经济工作的首要任务，着力在保
增长上下功夫。这是因为
①发展是科学发展观的核心 ②发展是我们党执政兴国的第一要务
③发展是解决一切矛盾和问题的根本方法 ④经济能否较快发展是对我们党执政能力的考察
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
《关于深化医药卫生体制改革的意见（征求意见稿）》从10月14日起向社会公开征求意见，截至11月14日24时活动止，通过网络、传真、信件等方式共收到意见建议35260条。回答34―35题。
34．《关于深化医药卫生体制改革的意见（征求意见稿）》向社会公开征求意见，市民可以各种方式参
与讨论，提出各种意见和建议。在这个过程中我国公民
A．参与了民主决策 B．履行了政治性义务 C．参与了民主监督 D．参与了民主管理
35．全国各省、自治区、直辖市的群众通过网络、信件等不同形式参与到征求意见活动中，充分体现
了广大群众对于医药卫生体制改革的关心和支持。这表明
①基层民主自治进程速度加快 ②公民政治表达的渠道拓宽
③公民政治参与的意识增强 ④我国公民政治权利的扩大
A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共160分）
本卷共6大题，共160分。
36．（36分）下图是某流域地区示意图，读图完成下列要求：
（1）该河流为 ，A城市以西铁路线的名称是 ，该城市发展钢铁工业生产的区位优势是 （10分）
（2）简要说明该地所处高原的植被分布特点及其原因。（4分）www.ks5u.com
（3）该地区发展种植业的优势是（4分）
（4）分析影响该地区农业生产发展的主要环境问题及其产生原因。（14分）
（5）简要分析近年来乌梁素海的水环境不断恶化的原因。（4分）
37．（32分）材料一 从英国的工业化来看，虽然工业化是以私营企业为主要形式进行的，并且就国内经济运行来看，基本上是市场调节，政府直接干预较少。但是，政府在经济发展中却发挥了如下两种重要作用：一是在国内通过立法和强制的手段，为资本主义经济的运行和发展提供了制度保障；二是通过武力向海外扩张和掠夺，为本国资本主义经济的发展提供了丰富资源和广大市场。没有上述两种政府的作用，英、法、德甚至美国早期资本主义国家的市场化和工业化是不可能实现的。
――引自严仲平主编《中国近代经济史(1840－1894)》
材料二 “作为一个后发外生型国家，中国是从19世纪开始进入由农业文明向现代工业文明转型的现代化过程的。西方世界的霸权威胁与文明示范是一个不可或缺的关键性启动因素。……中国内部已经孕育和生长着现代化的因素”。“中国现代化启动的历史象征不可能不是模糊的，……从1800年这样一个没有明确时限和特定事件的时间开始。”
――引自许纪霖、陈达凯主编的《中国现代化史》
材料三 武昌起义后，孙中山发给国内的电报中说：“此后社会当以工商实业为竞点，为新中国开一新局面。”南京临时政府的第八号公报指出：“实业为民国将来生存命脉，今虽兵战未息，不能不确实经营，已成者当竭力保存，未成者宜先事筹画。”
――引自陆仰渊、方庆秋；《民国社会经济史》
材料四 有学者认为，近现代中国的和平崛起大致可分为三个阶段：第一阶段，从1840年到1949年新中国成立，中华民族寻求自立、解放和现代化。第二阶段，从1949年到1979年，新中国奠定国民经济基础。中国建立国民经济、工业、大学基础体系，制造出“两弹一星”。通过工农业产品价格剪刀差，为工业化积累资金。第三阶段，1979年以来，中国的发展可谓占尽“天时、地利、人和”。
回答：
事例材料运用四句诀
一篇优秀的文章无不有鲜明的时代感、丰富的人文内涵和可读性很强的事例材料。如何运用好这些材料就成了考生写作的关键，因为它能够很好地体现考生思想认识的深度和语言驾驭能力。新鲜的材料平庸地运用会使之黯然失色，陈旧的材料精彩地表述却会使之流光溢彩。那么，怎样的运用才是生花的妙笔呢？
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