6. 不定式作状语： (副词作用)

1). 作目的状语，有时也可以用in order (not) to, so as (not) to结构。如：

为了保护幼苗不被太阳晒坏，妈妈把它们放到了阴凉处。(翻译)

今天早上他起身很早以免上学再迟到。(翻译)

　*注意：so as (not) to do不可以置于句首。

2). 作结果状语，常见的结构有too…to, enough…to, so…as to, such…as to, only to…等。如：

　　　 对我来说，这个问题很难回答。(翻译)

　　　 Will you be so kind as to turn down the radio?　 请你帮我把收音机调低一点好吗？

　　　 他醒来发现自己在医院里。(翻译)

　*注意：too…to通常表示太……而不……，但在下列句子中没有否定的意思。

　　　 She is only too glad to stay at home.　 她太想留在家里了。

　　　 He is too anxious to know the examination results. 他很急切地想知道考试结果。

3) 不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语通常为主句的主语。但下列的例外：to tell you the truth(说老实话)，to be frank(坦率地说), to begin with(首先), to be brief(简言之), to make a long story short(长话短说), to say nothing of(姑且不说)等。如：

　　　 To tell you the truth, I hate him.　 说老实话，我恨他。

　　　 To be frank, I don’t agree with what you said.　 坦率地说，我不同意你说的话。

不定式主动式和被动式

作表语形容词的状语，和句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式，不定式为不及物动词时要加相应的介词。如：

　　　 The fish is delicious to eat.　 这鱼很好吃。

　　　 The chair is comfortable to sit on.　 这把椅子坐起来很舒服。

注：不定式的完成式　

不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语，有时也可作主语。如：

　　　 She seemed to have heard about this matter.　 她似乎已听说过这件事。

　　　 I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.　 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。

　　　 I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do.

　　　　 我本来想告诉你这件事的，但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。

　　　 It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country.　 　

　　　　 对我来说，在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。

不定式的语法作用　 (2)

5. 不定式作宾补：(形容词作用)

advise,cause,allow,ask,beg,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,invite,permit,persuade,remind,teach,tell,want,warn,consider,prefer,等

注：不带to的不定式

在feel, hear, listen to, make, let, have, see, watch, notice, look at等动词用于主动语态时，后面的复合宾语中不定式不带to, help后面接不定式作宾语或宾语补足语可以带to也可以不带to。如：

我经常听到她在隔壁唱歌。(翻译)

　　　 (但： She is often heard to sing in the next room.)

　　　 They make the boy go to bed at 9:00 p.m. every day.　 他们每天让孩子晚上9:00上床睡觉。

　　 (但：The boy is made to go to bed at 9:00 p.m. every day.)

　　　 Who can help me (to) carry this heavy box?　 谁能帮我拎这个重箱子？

put　 词组： 1. We put _____ the tools before we leave the workshop. 2. All the medical workers in the region helped to put _____ the influenza epidemic(流感). 3. Never put _____ until tomorrow what you can do today. 4. We are putting the play _____ again next week owing to(由于) its success. 5. The fire man soon put the fire _____.　　　　 6. The doctor told me to put _____ my tongue. 7. It's time that we put _____ the Christmas decorations(装饰物) in the living　room. 8. Drop your weapons and put your hands _____.　　 9. Another supermarket has been put _____ near our house. 10. I can't put _____　 _____ a lot of noisy people when I am working. 11. 使进入，输入　　　　　　　　　　　　　 12. 全神贯注于...之中

Pride goes before failure

　　 The folktale mainly tells us that in a race Mr Hare proudly thought he would be sure to beat Mr Tortoise and so he lay down to have a nap. As a result, he lost the race.

　　 From the story, we learn that we must take everything seriously and keep a modest attitude towards our studies or work. Besides, we shouldn’t be proud at any time.

The day I came first in the English exam was the happiest day of my life. I had studied very diligently for many weeks and was well prepared for the exam. When the teacher announced that I was the first, I felt so proud that I thought my English was already excellent enough and I didn’t need to study English hard any longer. During the following few months, I didn’t listen to the teacher attentively in class and never did I do my homework after class. In the next exam, the result was quite different. I fell far behind.

From then on, I became modest and never proud again.

辅导10

No sooner had the summer vacation begun than I returned to my native town. Of course I must make good use of it; otherwise I would make my parents unhappy.

In the morning I reviewed my lessons and read newspapers or magazines. In the afternoon I played ball games with my friends or went fishing in the river. At night (In the night) I watched television with my family (the members of my family). hardly had the clock on the wall struck ten when I went to bed.

20. Sunday mornings

9. No words can express how surprised and happy I was when I saw the gift.

5. It suddenly occurred to me that ' knew how to solve that problem.　　 6. lt's not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most important thing in life.　 7. It's a bad habit to put off things until the last minute. 　　8. It's our duty to protect the forests from destruction.

4. Is it convenient for you to post this letter for me when you go out?