题目列表(包括答案和解析)
2.关于fit, suit和match
(1)fit作及物动词,表示“适合、配上、合身”。如:
This coat fits her nicely.这件外套非常合适。
The key doesn’t fit the lock,这把钥匙不合这把锁。
(2)作形容词,表示“适合、健康”》常构成be fit for 。如:
He is fit for the job,他适合这份工作。
The water is fit to drink.这水适合喝。
(3)作不及物动词,表示“吻合、合身”。如:
Does the coat fit?这件大衣合身吗?
(4)suit作适合,常强调颜色、款式等适合某人,而fit则强调大小合身。如:
That color doesn’t suit your complexion(肤色)。这颜色不适合你的肤色。
(5)match表示“在(品质、颜色、设计等方面)与……相配”。如:
Carpets should match the curtains.地毯必须与窗帘区配。
[典例2]The red tie you bought doesn’t ______my coat.
A. fit B. fit for C. suit D. match
解析D 近义词辨析题目。fit作及物动词,表示大小合身;作不及物动词,强调“吻合”;作形容词,则须用be fit for; suit 强调“款式合适”,只有match强调“与……匹配”。故选D。
1.关于win, defeat, beat和gain
(1)win作“赢”讲时,其宾语常是:war, battle, game, match, argument, a victory, the prize,100 yuan, a race, honor for, the praise, the first place…等,而不能是表示人的名词。
(2) beat及物动词,后面的宾语是“对手”,表示结果。如:
beat sb. in …在比赛、战斗、争论中击败某人。
beat him at table tennis在乒乓球赛中击败他
(3)defeat sb.在战斗、战争、比赛中击败对手。强调暂时行为。如:
defeat the enemy in the war在战争中击败敌人
(4)gain及物动词,表示“获得、赢得所需之物/利益或好处”。如:
gain experience/wealth/a reputation/the time/the marks/the rank/the prize/one’s respect/success/knowledge/one’s living/happiness/a salary/an honor…。
[典例1]Our basketball team____ theirs by a score of 100:98.
A. won B. defeat C. beat D. gained
解析 C近义词辨析题。根据win不和theirs(their teams)搭配;defeat与sb.连接;gain常有“获得……”,也不与theirs搭配。只有beat与“(击败的)对手”搭配,强调结果,故选C。
5.关于agree
(1)agree 一般用作不及物动词,因此,其后不能直接带宾语。如其后跟从句,则可作及物动词。可跟不定式,但不跟不定式的复合结构。
(2)区别:
①表示“同意某人的看法”。常说:agree with sb./what sb says。
②表示“适合、合适”。如:
agree with This climate doesn’t agree with
me.这里的气候不适合我。
③表示“一致、协调”。如:
The verb must agree with its subject in person and number.动词必须与人称和数保持一致。
agree to 表示“同意(某人的建议、安排、计划)”。常可说:
agree to a plan/an arrange ment/a proposal/a decision.
agree on /upon表示“对……取得一致意见”。如:
They both agreed on the plan,他们两个都同意这个方案。
[典例9] I don’t _____people smoking all day long.
A. agree B. agree to C. agree on D. agree with
解析 B 考查动词agree及词组辨析。agree为不及物动词,不带宾语;agree on/upon表示“对……取得一致意见”;agree with表示“同意某人的看法”;agree to 表示“同意(某人的建议、安排、计划)”,符合句意。
热点2 常见动词近义词辨析
常见动词近义词很多,有必要掌握以下常见词类:
4.关于go
(1)go的过去分词形式gone多用作表语,意为“(人)不在了、走了”,“(物)丢了、用完了”,如:The necklace was gone.这条项链丢了。
Liu Mei is already gone.刘梅已经走了。
比较:He is already gone.(强调无目的)
He has gone.(强调有目的、方向)
(2)go 有“……说的”之意。常用于“the story goes…据说;as the saying goes正如格言所说”。如:As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”正如格言所说,“有志者,事竟成”。
[典例8]As a Chinese old saying______, “Good fortune lies within bad, bad fortune lies within good.”
A. goes B. say C. is said D. is written
解析 A 与本词条中的含义吻合即用在谚语前表示“……说的、叫做”。
(3)go为终止性动词,不与表示时间段的状语连用。(见时态和语态专题)
(4)go to常与go to attend意义相同,多与一些表示活动的名词连用。如:
go to college/a meeting/an English party/a concert/a dance/a film/a lecture/a dinner…等。
(5)注意区别:
go on doing sth.继续做同一个动作
go on to do sth.做完一个接着干另一个
go on with sth.同一事件中断后又接着做
He went on speaking of his
war experiences.他继续说着他的战争经历。
比较He went on to speak of his war experiences.(=He began speaking of them
after he had finished speaking of something else.)他做完了别的之后,又继续说他的战争经历。
They went on with their work at the empty loom until late into the night.他们在一张空织布机上不停地工作直至深夜。
(6)其它搭配
go to rest/sleep/bed休息/睡觉
go out for a walk/ride/swim/bath/drive…外出散步/骑车/游泳/洗澡/兜风
go shopping/fishing/shooting/swimming/walking…购物/钓鱼/射击/游泳/散步
go about着手做,从事
go ahead 前进,进行
go all out for sth./to do sth.全力以赴
go in for sth.从事于,酷爱,参加
go over仔细检查,润色(文稿),复习
go through经历,经受
go up 上涨
3.关于keep
(1)keep用作及物动词,表示“使……继续处于某种状态”,其后的宾补可以是:
①现在分词 如:Don’t keep your mother waiting.别让你母亲再等。
②过去分词 如:His clothes seemed to be just pulled on to keep him covered.他的衣服像是刚刚拖起来披盖在自己身上的。
③副词 如:This helps to keep the cold out.这有助于御寒。
④介词短语 如:He kept them in the classroom after school.放学后,他让他们呆在教室里。
⑤形容词 如:The nurses keep her very clean.护士们将她整理得非常整法。
(2)keep作系动词,意为“保持、继续处于某种状态”。如:keep silent/quiet/cool/fit…
(3)keep doing 与keep on doing
①表示“决心、毅力、顽强意志力和强调动作的反复”时,多用keep on doing 。
如:Don’t give up hope, keep on trying.别放弃希望,要不断努力。
②表示持续状态常用keep doing 。如:
We’ve kept hoping to go to college. 我们一直希望上大学。
③keep/keep on一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用。
如:常不用keep(on)standing/sitting/beginning/leaving 。
[典例6]Keep ______after meals, then you’ll be in good health.
A. walking B. sleeping C. standing D. sitting
解析 A keep doing的特殊用法。此种结构一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用。而sleeping ,standing, sitting都是表示短暂性动作的动词。故选A。
(4)其它搭配
keep back 阻止,落在后面
keep…out (of)使……在外,不让……入内
keep away 不接近,避开
keep …from 阻止,抑制,避免于
keep off 让开,不接近
keep up 坚持,继续,保持,(斗争)不低落
keep up with跟上,赶上,不落后于
keep in touch with与……保持联络
[典例7]We read the newspaper every day to ______the present affairs.
A. keep up B. keep up with
C. catch up with D. keep in touch with
解析 B keep词组考查题。根据句意:我们每天读报是为了跟上当前形势。keep up 坚持;keep up with跟上,赶上;catch up with 赶上,逮捕;keep in touch with 与……保持联络。只有B项与句意吻合。
2.关于consider
(1)作“考虑”讲时,可跟名词/代词/从句或跟连接代词/副词+to do或跟动名词连用。如:
Have you considered how to get there?你考虑过如何去那里了吗?
He considered going to see them in prison.他考虑去监狱探试他们。
(2)作“认为……,把……当作”讲时,consider+宾语+宾补,作宾补的可以是名词/形容词/不定式(不定式完成式)。如:
I consider him to be a fool.我把他当作一个傻子看待。
(3)注意结构:consider it + n/ adj. + to do sth.
I consider it necessary to study English.我认为学英语很有必要。
(4)consider…(as)…表示“把(某人或某物)看作……”。如:
Most people considered him as a hero.多数人把他看成一个英雄。
[典例5] Many things_____ impossible in the past are common today.
A. considering B. to consider
C. considered D. being considered
解析C 动词consider的非谓语考查形式。剖析其结构:Many things are common today.为主句。considered 是过去分词短语作定语修饰many things, impossible在被动语态中为主语补足语。适用于“consider+宾语+宾补”结构。故选C
1.关于make
(1)make当“做、制造”解时,可跟双宾语,间接宾语用for 引导。如:
He’ll make me a kite.=He’ll make a kite for me.他将给我制作一个风筝。
(2)make通常与一些表示动作的名词连用。如:
① make a study/trip/promise/movement/statement/dive/request/change/fire/demand/
speech/report/face/plan/success/living/difference
②make an explanation/experiment/excuse/effect/apology…to sb
③ make preparations/progress/room…for sb
④ make one’s way/bread tea coffee/up one’s mind/no answer
(3)make作使役动词时,表示 “使……做某事、使……成为“,可跟复合结构,其中的宾补可以是:
①形容词:They are trying to make our country beautiful.他们在努力使我们的国家变得美丽。
②名词:I would make you king over the earth.我会使你灰飞烟灭地球之王。
③过去分词:What made him so frightened?什么使他如此害怕?
④省去to 的不定式:The boy made faces just to make the other students laugh.这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑。
注意:make在被动语态中一定要接带to的不定式。如:
No one is ever made to be hero.没有天生的英雄。
[典例1]The regulations were made_____ children after the accidents.
A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. to be protected
解析 B 在句中因为make用的是被动语态,故其后一定要接带to的不定式,作主语补足语。
⑤构成:make it +adj. +to do sth./that-clause使(做)某事成为……。
[典例2]The manager, ______it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us ,left the meeting room.(2005·江西卷)
A. who has made B. having made
C. made D. making
解析 B 关于make用法的考查。根据句子结构分析可以判断,主句为:The manager left the meeting room.,中间的部分为分词短语作状语,且动作发生在主句left动作之前,而又并非现在完成时,故排除A。现在分词的完成式先于主句的谓语动词而发生,故选B。
(4)make作“制造、组成”时构成的词组,常使用被动语态。
①成品+be made of +原料(看得出原料)
②成品+be made from+原料(难看或看不出原料)
③原料+be made into+成品
④成品+be made by+执行者\制造者
⑤成品+be made in+地点
⑥物体\组织+be made up of +若干成份
[典例3] The old cottage can be______ temporary(临时的)houses.
A. made into B. made of
C. made by D. made in
解析A 此句句意为:这栋旧别墅可以改装成临时住宅。被动词组be made into符合句意。
(5)make构成的两个常用词组:
①make up(for)弥补,虚构,缝制,化妆,整理等。如:make up jokes编笑话;make up
a poem/a story/a song编诗歌/故事/歌曲。再如:
They hurried on to make up for lost time.
他们加速进行以补回失去的时间。
The boy made up a story; it was not true.
男孩儿编了个故事,这故事不是真的。
She made up her face to look prettier.
她化了妆以便看上去更漂亮些。
[典例4]Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and
______jokes.(2005·江苏卷)
A. turning up B. putting up
C. making up D. showing up
解析C 动词搭配与辨析。turn up 找到,发现,出现;put up 举起,抬起,进行;show up揭露,露出,露面。而make up jokes为“编笑话”,与句意吻合。
②make full/good/the best use of 充分利用。如:
We must make the best use of the fine weather.我们必须充分利用这好天气。
Let’s make use of this opportunity to practice our spoken English.让我们好好地利用这个机会来练习英语口语。
9.
Before I went to senior middle school, some peoples told 1._______
me. “A life of senior middle school is unforgettable.” 2._______
While I first entered my senior middle school, everything 3._______
seemed unpleasant. Face all the strange things around me, 4._______
I often miss my old friends and classmates. I didn’t want 5._______
to talk others or make friends with others. Little by little, my 6._______
school record went from bad to worse, especially my 7._______
maths. I couldn’t even pass the exam. I lost the heart and 8._______
missed the happy times all day long. I told me, “I don’t 9._______
belong to it. I don’t like the life here.” 10._______
10
Tom and Dick are next door neighbour who work 1.________
in the same office so they walked together to and from 2.________
office. Some day as they were walking home together it 3.________
sudden started to rain. Tom quickly opened his umbrella 4.________
and said, “My wife surely has foresight (预见) . She said 5.________
on this morning it would rain and told me to carry my 6.________
umbrella with me.” Dick smiled and walked to him, said, 7.________
“My wife has even great foresight. She told me not to 8.________
carry an umbrella and as she knew you would certainly 9.________
have with you.” 10.________
8.
After a day of work and play, the body need to have 1、.______
a rest. Sleep is necessary for good healthy. During this 2、.______
time, the body recovers from the activities of the day.
Rest that you get while sleeping enables your body 3、.______
to prepare themselves for the next day. 4、.______
There are four levels of sleep. Each is a little 5、.______
deep than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles 6、.______
relax a little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, 7、.______
and your brain slows down. After you reach the 8、.______
fourth level, your body shifts back or forth from one 9、______
level sleep to the other. 10、______
7.
I am back in Brighton now after great holiday with Rosie 1、.______
in Dublin. I really enjoyed it. We travel by train and boat. 2、.______
I hated the boat journey-tried to sleep, and it was very 3、.______
difficult. We both very tired when we arrived. 4、.______
We stayed with her parents for two weeks and 5、.______
they cooked lovely meals to us. I practised my English 6、.______
all the time. We visited Rosie’s friends and also some of the 7、.______
Dublin’s beautiful buildings. The castle was close so we 8、.______
didn’t get into, we just looked at the outside. I liked the 9、.______
university very much. What great to be a student! 10、.______
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