5．(　　 )We never visit a friend’s house without 　　　　first.

A．call

B．to call

C．calling

D．calls

解析　 答案：1．A　 work为名词且不可数，应为what。

4．(　　 )The first thing is 　　　　the teacher.

A．greeting

B．to greet

C．greeted

D．being greeted

3．(　　 )Tom often makes some 　　　　in his tests.

A．mistakes

B．mistake

C．mistaken

D．mistaking

2．(　　 )His school backpack 　　　　by a woman ten minutes ago.

A．took away

B．was taken away

C．were take away

D．had taken away

1．(　　 )　　 　useful work they have done!

A．What

B．How

C．What a

D．What an

10．Luckily, his mother never gave up trying to help.

幸运的是他母亲从不放弃尽力的帮助。

give up是个短语，表示“放弃，让给，认输”，此外drop也可表示“放弃”。

[例](1)He gave up his seat to an old man.

他把座位让给了一位老人。

(2)He didn’t give up smoking until he got lung cancer.

直到得了肺癌，他才戒烟。

(3)He had to give up at last.

他最后只好认输。

(4)I have dropped smoking.

我戒烟了。

发散思维应用

典型例题1

Neither you nor she 　　　　hard at English.

A． work

B． works

C． are working

D． to work

解析　 答案：B　 本题主要考查neither…nor…连接两个主语时，谓语动词该如何与主语保持一致的问题。我们知道neither…nor…连接两个主语时，谓语动词在人称和数方面与第二个主语保持一致，这就是英语的就近一致原则，第二个主语是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用单数。

典型例题2

He saw her come out of the library.(改为被动语态)

误：She was seen come out of the library.

正：She was seen to come out of the library.

解析　 凡主动语态的句子中有省去不定式符号to的不定式作宾语补足语时，改为被动语态，必须将不定式符号to加上，此时的不定式事实上是主语的补足语了，而且也能在谓语动词后紧跟一个动词原形(help除外)。

[题型发散]

发散1　 单项选择填空

9．He got into trouble at school and with the police.

他惹麻烦招致学校和警察的责罚。

get into表示“进入，穿上”，at school“在学校”意思是指上学或求学，school前不加冠词，类似的结构还有：at work, at home, in bed, in hospital等。

[例](1)He got into a wrong room.

他进错了房间。

(2)I can’t get into these shoes, they are too small.

这双鞋我穿不上，太小了。

(3)His father is at work.

他父亲在工作。

(4)He’s ill in hospital.

他生病住院了。

8．Studying did not interest him.

学习不能使他感兴趣。

interest在这作及物动词用，意思是“使发生兴趣，引起……的注意”；interest sb. in sth.是“劝使(说服)某人参与某事”，而be interested in是“对……感兴趣”。

[例](1)This new method will certainly interest you.

这种新方法肯定会引起你的兴趣。

(2)This book interests me.

这本书使我感到兴趣。

(3)The teacher interests his students in English.

老师劝使学生学习英语。

(4)Are you interested in that story-book?

你对那本小说感兴趣吗？

7．His mother worked three jobs to pay for her three children’s education.

他母亲为能使三个孩子得到教育而做三份工作。

不定式to pay for…在此作目的状语。

[例](1)He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.

他飞快地跑以使赶上第一趟公共汽车。

(2)I come here only to say good-bye to you.

我来仅仅是为了向你告别。

(3)Learn from past mistakes to avoid future ones.

惩前毖后。

(4)She decided to work harder in order to catch up with others.

她决定加紧学习好赶上别人。

5．Thanks for your message.

谢谢你的来信。

thanks for“为……而感谢”，而thanks to则表示“由于，幸亏”。

[例](1)Thanks to sufficient supply of consumer goods, the price remained stable.

由于消费品供应充足，物价保持稳定。

(2)Thanks to your help, we finished the word ahead of schedule.

多亏你们的帮助，我们提前完成了工作。

(3)Thanks for giving me such a nice present.

谢谢你送我这么精美的礼物。

(4)Thanks for teaching so well.

谢谢教我们教得这样好。

6….things are really different from the way they’re at home.

事情与他们在家确实真正的不相同。

be different from是个短语，意思是“与……不同”。

[例](1)This book is different from that one.

这本书与那本不同。

(2)His plan is different from yours.

他的计划跟你的不同。

(3)Now he is quite a different man from what he was.

现在他同过去比起来变成一个完全不同的人了。