例：He asked what I have (have) said.　　　　　 答案：had

　解析：现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果．而过去完成时强调对过去的影响或结果．

例：He hads (have) gone home when I got to his office.　 答案：had　　　　　　　　 析：have/has 的过去式都为had, had 在过去完成时中也是助动词, 不能再有单三人称的变化.

△　 　 基　 本　 型 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. A lot of water _________ (waste) every year. It’s a serious problem. 2. Now many kinds of work __________ (can do) by robots.　　　　　(1999上海) 3. English __________ (speak) as a second language in some countries. (1999山西) 4. Fish may _____ ____ (catch) in the river.　　　　　　　　　 (1999呼和浩特) 5. A new bridge _________ (build) over the river last year.　　　　　 (1999福州) 6. “I’m afraid it _______ (need) mending”, Mrs. White turned off the TV. (1999西安) 7. Vegetables, eggs and fish _________ (sell) in that shop. 8. The children ______ often ______ (tell) to be careful with fire. 9. The accident _________ (happen) just now. 10. Now he ______ (be) asked if the meeting _______ (hold) next Friday. 将下列句子改为被动语态 11. You must send your sister to hospital at once.　　　　　　　 (1999山东荷泽) 　 She must _____ _____ to hospital at once. 12. The foreigners can’t understand this word.　　　　　　　　　　　(1999广东) 　　This word can’t _____ _____ by the foreigners. 13. Many people speak French in China.　　　　　　　　　　　　　(1999广西) 　 French _____ _____ by many people in China. 14. Mike drew a picture on the blackboard.　　　　　　　　　　　　(1999四川) 　 A picture _____ _____ on the blackboard by Mike. 15. Someone took away the boxes yesterday.　　　　　　　　　 (1999甘肃) 　 The boxes _____ _____ away by someone yesterday. 16. He doesn’t clean the meeting-room every day.　　　　　　　 (1999兰州) 　 The meeting-room _____ _____ every day. 17. You can look up the word in the dictionary. The word can _____ _____ _____ in the dictionary. 18.I’ll buy my daughter a new watch. A new watch will _____ _____ _____ my daughter. 19.The boss made the workers work all day.] The workers _____ _____ _____ work all day (by the boss). 20.We saw some boys playing football behind the house. Some boys _____ _____ _____ football behind the house. △　 　 提　 高　 型 1. The river smells terrible. People must _____ dirty things into it. (1999南京) A. be stopped to throw　　　　　　　　 B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw　　　　　　　　　　　D. stop from throwing 2. Many kinds of new bicycles _____ in Number One Machine Factory now. A. are making　B. are made　　C. have made　　 D. will make 3. Paper _____ first invented in China.　　　　　　　　　　　(1999昆明) A. is　　　　　B. are　　　　 C. was　　　　　D. were 4. –Do you like the flower? 　-Yes, it _____ sweet.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (1999内蒙古) A. is smelling　 B. smelt　　　 C. is smelt　　　 D. smells 5. His schoolbag _____ away by a woman ten minutes ago.　　 (1998河北) A. took　　　　B. had taken　　C. was taken　　 D. were taken 6. It snowed heavily last night. The ground _____ thick snow.　 　 (1998武汉) A. was covered with　B. was filled with　C. was made of　D. was getting on with 7. The light in the room _____ before you leave.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (1998广州) A. must turn off　B. will turn off　 C. are turned　 D. must be turned off 8. Chinese _____ by Miss Wang three years ago.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (1998吉林) A. was taught　　B. is taught　　　C. was teached　D. were taught 9. Young trees _____ quite often.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (1998武汉) A. should water　　　 B. should be water　　　　　　C. should be watered 10. _____ the kind of question often _____ in your class, Ann?　 (1997山东) A. Does; ask　 B. Is; asked　　　 C. Has; asked　　 D. Will; ask 11.The bridge over the river _____ three years ago.　 　 　 　 　 　 (1997江西) A. is finished　 B. finished　　　 C. was finished　　D. has finished 12.The bridge _____ in three weeks.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (1996深圳) A. will build　　　　　　 B. is built　　　　 C. will be built 13.The League _____ in May, 1922.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (1997安徽) A. found　　　 B. was found　　　 C. founded　　 D. was founded 14.　The old men and the children must _____ in our country.　 　 　 (1996四川) A. take good care　　　　　　　　 B. be taken good care　 C. take care of　　　　　　　　　 D. be taken good care of 15.　The radio can _____ in two days.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (1997湖南) A. mend　　　 B. be mend　　　　C. be mended　 D. mended 16.　Alice is ill. She _____ to hospital at once.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (1997四川) A. is sent　　　B. must be sent　　 C. can send　　 D. must send 17.　The flowers _____ every day, or they’ll die.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (1997湖北) A. must water　B. should water　 C. can be watered　D. must be watered 18.　 　 Paul doesn’t have to be made _____. He always works hard. A. learn　　　B. to learn　　　　C. learned　　　　D. learning 19.　In some part of the world, tea _____ with milk and sugar. A. is serving　 B. is served　　　C. serves　　　 D. served 20.–Have you moved into the new house? -No, not yet. The rooms _____. A. are being painted　B. are painting　C. are painted　D. are being painting △　 　 综　 合　 型 1. The girl was unhappy because she _____ by some boys in the class. A. is laughed　 B. was laughed　 C. laughed at　 D. was laughed at 2. We _____ that the English test _____ next Monday. A. are told; gives　　　　　　　 B. tell; will give　 C. are told; will be given　　　　 D. told; is going to be given 3. Great changes _____ place in　China since 1978. A. have been taken　B. have taken　C. has been taken　D. took 4. _____ the red pencil-box _____ by your father last week? A. Has; bought　B. Was; bought　C. Does; buy　D. Did; buy 5. Look! A big modern building _____ in our city. A. is built　 B. was being build　C. is being built　D. has built 6. Mary _____ many songs at a party. A. heard sing　B. heard to sing　C. was heard sing　D. was heard to sing 7. _____ trees usually _____ in April? A. Have; planted　B. Are; planted　C. Do; plant　D. Were; planted 8. When _____ the Party _____? A. is being　 B. was being　　 C.　has been　　 D. should be 9. The window of this room _____ once a week. A. has been cleaned　B. is cleaned　C. are cleaned　D. are cleaning 10. When _____ the Party _____? A. was; founded　　 B. was found　　 C. is; found　　D. has; been founded 11. In 1620, about half the USA _____ forests. A. was covered　　B. was covered by　 C. were filled with　D. covered with 12. The young tree _____ the stick. A. should be tied to　B. must be tied by　C. should tie to　D. can be tied with 13. A present _____ me by my friend on my birthday. A. is giving　 B. was given to　C. is given for　　D. will give to 14. Will the job _____ in ten minutes? A. finish　　 B. be finish　　　C. be finished　　 D. finished 15.By _____ was the book _____? A. who; wrote　B. whom; write　 C. whose; writing　D. whom; written 16.The big tree _____ by my brother ten years ago.　 　 　 　 　 　 (2000甘肃) A. was planted　B. planted　　　C. has planted　　D. was planting 17.This work _____ next Monday.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (2000广西) A. may finish　 B. finish　　　 C. finishes　　　 D. may be finished 18.Many more houses _____ for teachers since last year.　 　 　 　 (2000广州) A. are building　B. built　　　　C. have built　　 D. have been built 19.When _____ the accident _____?　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (2000辽宁) A. was; happened　B. has; happened　C. did; happen　D. was; happening 20.That white building _____ two years ago, but it looks quite old now. A. built　　　　B. was built　　C. is built　　　 D. builds　 　 (2000河北) 21.Who will you ask for help if you _____?　　　　　　　　　(2003汕头) A. robbed　　　B. are robbed　 C. will be robbed　D. will be stolen

15. "I’m afraid you can’t sit here." "Sorry, I ______ know."

A. don’t　　　　　　　 B. can’t　　　 C. won’t　　　　　　　　　 D. didn’t

14. You must study hard if you ______ want to fail the exam.

A. won’t　　　　 B. don’t　　 C. haven’t　　　　　　　 D. hadn’t　　

13. He was sure that he ______ his wallet in the office.

A. left　　　　　　　 B. would leave　　 C. had left　　 D. has left

12. It seemed that the old man ______ for something over there.

A. looks　　　　　　　　 B. looked　　 C. was looking　　　　　 D. has looked

11. We ______ to the Great Wall several times.

A. go　　　　　　　　　　 B. went　　 C. have gone　　　　　 D. have been

10. Could you tell where the railway station ______?

A. was　　 　　　B. is　　 C. will be　　 D. would be

9. The teacher told us that the sun ______ bigger than the earth.

A. is　　　　　　　　 B. was　 C. has been　　　　 D. will be